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Questions and Answers
What was the primary aim of the Regulating Act of 1773?
What was the primary aim of the Regulating Act of 1773?
- To begin the process of Indian independence
- To grant complete autonomy to the Indian princely states
- To control and regulate the affairs of the East India Company (correct)
- To establish the British monarchy in India
Who was the first Governor-General of Bengal appointed under the Regulating Act of 1773?
Who was the first Governor-General of Bengal appointed under the Regulating Act of 1773?
- Lord Canning
- Lord Cornwallis
- Lord Clive
- Lord Warren Hastings (correct)
What did the Amending Act of 1781 primarily achieve?
What did the Amending Act of 1781 primarily achieve?
- It allowed the Supreme Court to oversee all Indian laws
- It introduced a new form of governance in India
- It mandated that the Governor-General report directly to the British Parliament
- It exempted the Governor-General and the Council from Supreme Court jurisdiction (correct)
What significant change did the Regulating Act of 1773 bring to the governance of the presidencies in India?
What significant change did the Regulating Act of 1773 bring to the governance of the presidencies in India?
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Which of the following statements about the Supreme Court established at Calcutta is correct?
Which of the following statements about the Supreme Court established at Calcutta is correct?
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Study Notes
The Regulating Act of 1773
- Established a centralized administration in India.
- This significantly increased British control over the East India Company.
- The Governor of Bengal was appointed the 'Governor-General of Bengal'.
- The Act established an Executive Council of four members to assist the Governor-General.
- Lord Warren Hastings became the first Governor-General under this arrangement.
- The Act established a Supreme Court in Calcutta with one Chief Justice and three judges.
- It prohibited the East India Company's employees from engaging in private trade, accepting gifts, or taking bribes from Indians.
- The Act strengthened British government control over the Company by requiring its governing body (the Court of Directors) to submit reports on financial, administrative, and military operations in India.
- It brought the governors of Bombay and Madras presidencies under the authority of the Governor-General of Bengal, ending their previous autonomy.
Amending Act of 1781 (Act of Settlement)
- This Act exempted the Governor-General and his Council from the Supreme Court’s jurisdiction for official actions.
- Excluded matters related to revenue collection from the Supreme Court's jurisdiction.
- Determined the Supreme Court's jurisdiction over Calcutta residents, decreeing that personal law would be applied in court: Hindus according to Hindu law, Muslims according to Islamic law.
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