Gr 10 Physical Sciences Ch 3: The arrangement of the elements
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary way the elements are arranged in the periodic table?

  • In order of increasing atomic number (correct)
  • Alphabetical order by symbol
  • By the number of electrons in the outermost energy level
  • By similarities in chemical properties

    • Who is credited with creating the first widely recognized periodic table?

  • Isaac Newton
  • Dmitri Mendeleev (correct)
  • Albert Einstein
  • Marie Curie

    • What is the term for the energy required to remove one electron from an atom in the gas phase?

  • Electron Affinity
  • Atomic Radius
  • Electronegativity
  • Ionisation Energy (correct)

    • What is the term for a measure of the size of an atom?

    <p>Atomic Radius</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the tendency of an atom to attract electrons in a chemical bond?

    <p>Electronegativity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of organizing the elements into vertical columns called groups?

    <p>To show patterns and relationships among the elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many groups are there in the periodic table?

    <p>18</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What information can be determined from the period number of an element in the periodic table?

    <p>The highest energy level that is being filled with electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend in atomic radius across a period from left to right?

    <p>Decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend in electronegativity down a group?

    <p>Decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of elements is known for being very reactive?

    <p>Group 1 and 17</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend in ionisation energy across a period from left to right?

    <p>Increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend in melting and boiling points across a period?

    <p>Increases to a peak and then decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the noble gases?

    <p>Inert due to full valence shells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the electron configuration of phosphorus (P)?

    <p>[Ne]3s²3p³</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element in period 3 has a higher ionisation energy, sodium (Na) or chlorine (Cl)?

    <p>Chlorine (Cl)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend in electrical conductivity across a period from left to right?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of elements is characterized by having full valence shells?

    <p>Noble gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend in atomic radius down a group?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for the similar chemical properties of elements in the same group?

    <p>They have the same number of valence electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of Mendeleev's periodic table?

    <p>It showed the relationships between elements and their properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following properties is NOT a measure of an atom's ability to attract or gain electrons?

    <p>Atomic Radius</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the period number in the periodic table?

    <p>It indicates the highest energy level being filled with electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are elements in the same group organized in vertical columns?

    <p>Because they have similar properties and electron configurations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of organizing the elements into horizontal rows called periods?

    <p>To display the elements in order of increasing atomic number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the electron configuration of an element and its position in the periodic table?

    <p>The element's position determines its electron configuration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key reason why Mendeleev's periodic table was successful?

    <p>It was based on the chemical properties of the elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of using the periodic table to organize the elements?

    <p>It allows for the prediction of element properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following trends in the periodic table is an exception to the general trend of increasing ionisation energy across a period?

    <p>The peak in ionisation energy in the middle of a period</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for the variation in the formulas and properties of chlorides and oxides across a period?

    <p>The change in the electron configuration across a period</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following groups is characterised by having a full valence shell and being unreactive?

    <p>Group 18: Noble gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the reactivity of the elements in group 17?

    <p>Their high electronegativity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about the melting and boiling points of the elements in a period?

    <p>They generally peak in the middle of a period</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for the similar chemical properties of elements in the same group?

    <p>Their similar number of valence electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the periodic trends observed in the periodic table?

    <p>The recurring patterns in the electron configuration of elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following elements would have the highest electron affinity?

    <p>Fluorine (F)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the electron configuration of an element and its position in the periodic table?

    <p>The position of the element determines the electron configuration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following elements would have the highest ionisation energy?

    <p>Fluorine (F)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the groups in the periodic table?

    <p>Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend in electronegativity across a period from left to right?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following elements would have the lowest atomic radius?

    <p>Fluorine (F)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the periods in the periodic table?

    <p>Elements in the same period have similar electron configurations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for the decrease in atomic radius across a period from left to right?

    <p>Increase in the nuclear charge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of elements is characterized by having seven valence electrons?

    <p>Halogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend in electrical conductivity of metals across a period from left to right?

    <p>Decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for the similar chemical properties of elements in the same group?

    <p>Same number of valence electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend in melting and boiling points across a period?

    <p>Increase to a peak and then decrease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element in period 3 would have a lower ionisation energy?

    <p>Sodium (Na)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of using the periodic table to organize the elements?

    <p>It allows for the prediction of the existence and properties of unknown elements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of Mendeleev's periodic table?

    <p>It allows for the prediction of the existence and properties of unknown elements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the electron configuration of an element and its position in the periodic table?

    <p>The position of an element in the periodic table can be used to determine its electron configuration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the groups in the periodic table?

    <p>They are used to organize the elements with similar properties in vertical columns.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the periods in the periodic table?

    <p>They are used to organize the elements with similar properties in horizontal rows.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are elements in the same group organized in vertical columns?

    <p>Because they have similar properties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the reactivity of the elements in group 17?

    <p>They want to gain electrons to form a stable octet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following elements would have the highest electron affinity?

    <p>Chlorine (Cl)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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