56 Questions
What is the primary way the elements are arranged in the periodic table?
In order of increasing atomic number
Who is credited with creating the first widely recognized periodic table?
Dmitri Mendeleev
What is the term for the energy required to remove one electron from an atom in the gas phase?
Ionisation Energy
What is the term for a measure of the size of an atom?
Atomic Radius
What is the term for the tendency of an atom to attract electrons in a chemical bond?
Electronegativity
What is the purpose of organizing the elements into vertical columns called groups?
To show patterns and relationships among the elements
How many groups are there in the periodic table?
18
What information can be determined from the period number of an element in the periodic table?
The highest energy level that is being filled with electrons
What is the general trend in atomic radius across a period from left to right?
Decreases
What is the general trend in electronegativity down a group?
Decreases
Which group of elements is known for being very reactive?
Group 1 and 17
What is the general trend in ionisation energy across a period from left to right?
Increases
What is the general trend in melting and boiling points across a period?
Increases to a peak and then decreases
What is the characteristic of the noble gases?
Inert due to full valence shells
What is the electron configuration of phosphorus (P)?
[Ne]3s²3p³
Which element in period 3 has a higher ionisation energy, sodium (Na) or chlorine (Cl)?
Chlorine (Cl)
What is the general trend in electrical conductivity across a period from left to right?
It decreases
Which group of elements is characterized by having full valence shells?
Noble gases
What is the general trend in atomic radius down a group?
It increases
What is the reason for the similar chemical properties of elements in the same group?
They have the same number of valence electrons
What is the primary benefit of Mendeleev's periodic table?
It showed the relationships between elements and their properties
Which of the following properties is NOT a measure of an atom's ability to attract or gain electrons?
Atomic Radius
What is the significance of the period number in the periodic table?
It indicates the highest energy level being filled with electrons
Why are elements in the same group organized in vertical columns?
Because they have similar properties and electron configurations
What is the purpose of organizing the elements into horizontal rows called periods?
To display the elements in order of increasing atomic number
What is the relationship between the electron configuration of an element and its position in the periodic table?
The element's position determines its electron configuration
What is a key reason why Mendeleev's periodic table was successful?
It was based on the chemical properties of the elements
What is the primary advantage of using the periodic table to organize the elements?
It allows for the prediction of element properties
Which of the following trends in the periodic table is an exception to the general trend of increasing ionisation energy across a period?
The peak in ionisation energy in the middle of a period
What is the main reason for the variation in the formulas and properties of chlorides and oxides across a period?
The change in the electron configuration across a period
Which of the following groups is characterised by having a full valence shell and being unreactive?
Group 18: Noble gases
What is the primary reason for the reactivity of the elements in group 17?
Their high electronegativity
Which of the following statements is true about the melting and boiling points of the elements in a period?
They generally peak in the middle of a period
What is the main reason for the similar chemical properties of elements in the same group?
Their similar number of valence electrons
What is the primary reason for the periodic trends observed in the periodic table?
The recurring patterns in the electron configuration of elements
Which of the following elements would have the highest electron affinity?
Fluorine (F)
What is the relationship between the electron configuration of an element and its position in the periodic table?
The position of the element determines the electron configuration
Which of the following elements would have the highest ionisation energy?
Fluorine (F)
What is the significance of the groups in the periodic table?
Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties
What is the general trend in electronegativity across a period from left to right?
It increases
Which of the following elements would have the lowest atomic radius?
Fluorine (F)
What is the significance of the periods in the periodic table?
Elements in the same period have similar electron configurations
What is the reason for the decrease in atomic radius across a period from left to right?
Increase in the nuclear charge
Which group of elements is characterized by having seven valence electrons?
Halogens
What is the general trend in electrical conductivity of metals across a period from left to right?
Decreases
What is the reason for the similar chemical properties of elements in the same group?
Same number of valence electrons
What is the general trend in melting and boiling points across a period?
Increase to a peak and then decrease
Which element in period 3 would have a lower ionisation energy?
Sodium (Na)
What is the primary advantage of using the periodic table to organize the elements?
It allows for the prediction of the existence and properties of unknown elements.
What is the primary benefit of Mendeleev's periodic table?
It allows for the prediction of the existence and properties of unknown elements.
What is the relationship between the electron configuration of an element and its position in the periodic table?
The position of an element in the periodic table can be used to determine its electron configuration.
What is the significance of the groups in the periodic table?
They are used to organize the elements with similar properties in vertical columns.
What is the significance of the periods in the periodic table?
They are used to organize the elements with similar properties in horizontal rows.
Why are elements in the same group organized in vertical columns?
Because they have similar properties.
What is the primary reason for the reactivity of the elements in group 17?
They want to gain electrons to form a stable octet.
Which of the following elements would have the highest electron affinity?
Chlorine (Cl)
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