The Pavlovian Legacy

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Questions and Answers

What did Ivan Pavlov study?

  • The basics of operant conditioning
  • The behavior of dogs
  • The connection between stimulus and response (correct)
  • The theory of classical conditioning

What did Pavlov discover about natural responses?

  • They are not connected to stimuli
  • They require learning to occur
  • They can be manipulated (correct)
  • They are only present in dogs

Who challenged Pavlov's findings with his theory of operant conditioning?

  • B.F. Skinner (correct)
  • A psychologist
  • A Nobel Prize winner
  • Ivan Pavlov

According to Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which of the following needs must be satisfied first?

<p>Physiological needs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of positive punishment in operant conditioning?

<p>To discourage inappropriate behaviors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of negative punishment?

<p>Something is taken away to decrease the probability of a behavior (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can excessive use of positive punishment lead to?

<p>Increased aggressive behavior (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which level focuses on self-improvement and realizing one's own potential?

<p>Self-actualization needs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the biggest issues faced by individuals in prison, according to the text?

<p>Loss of freedom and connection to family (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for basic individual needs to be met to decrease criminal behavior?

<p>It decreases the motivation to commit crimes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, what is the focus of self-actualization?

<p>Realizing one's own potential (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of not having basic individual needs met?

<p>Increase in criminal behavior (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does society's addiction to social media and technology hinder the achievement of self-actualization?

<p>It takes people out of the present moment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of operant conditioning according to B.F. Skinner?

<p>To look at both good and bad stimuli and reinforcements (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to operant conditioning, a reinforcement is a stimulus that ____.

<p>Increases the probability of a given behavior (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between positive punishment and negative punishment?

<p>Positive punishment involves giving something while negative punishment involves taking something away (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which need must be satisfied first?

<p>Physiological needs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of positive reinforcement in operant conditioning?

<p>To encourage good behaviors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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