Questions and Answers
When did the first great wave occur?
From the 1760s through the early 1800s
Where did the first great wave occur?
Pioneers crossed the Appalachian Mountains and settled in the Mississippi and Ohio River valleys
When did the second great wave occur?
From the 1840s to the 1860s
Where did the second great wave occur?
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How many people crossed the Great Plains and the Rocky Mountains to reach the Pacific Coast between the 1840s and 1860s?
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What route did these people take?
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What was the Oregon Trail?
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Where did the Oregon Trail start and end?
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Who pulled the wagons on the Oregon Trail?
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How did pioneers travel?
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How many wagons did a wagon train consist of?
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What were some of the first items to go if the wagon became too heavy for the animals?
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What were three reasons wagon trains had to leave in late spring?
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When did the long wagon trains leave?
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How did travelers get animals and wagons across rivers?
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Why did people put their wagons in a circle at night?
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What did most people do beside slow moving wagons?
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What did most people use to build fires along the Great Plains?
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Why did people use buffalo chips for fire?
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Study Notes
Great Waves of Migration
- The first great wave of migration occurred from the 1760s through the early 1800s.
- This wave involved pioneers crossing the Appalachian Mountains to settle in the Mississippi and Ohio River valleys.
Second Wave of Migration
- The second great wave occurred from the 1840s to the 1860s.
- Migrants traveled across the prairies to the fertile valleys of Oregon.
Oregon Trail Journey
- Approximately 300,000 people crossed the Great Plains and Rocky Mountains to reach the Pacific Coast during the second wave.
- The route taken by these pioneers was the Oregon Trail.
Oregon Trail Details
- The Oregon Trail stretched from Independence, Missouri to Oregon.
- Oxen were commonly used to pull the wagons along the trail.
Wagon Train Structure
- Pioneers traveled in long wagon trains, typically consisting of 30 to 200 wagons.
- If the wagon became too heavy, family treasures such as China dishes, books, toys, and pictures were often the first items to be discarded.
Timing and Conditions for Travel
- Wagon trains departed in late spring (April or May) to avoid snow-blocked mountains, allowing time to build homes before winter, and ensuring there was grazing grass for livestock.
River Crossings and Safety Measures
- Travelers had to pull their wagons across rivers.
- At night, wagons were arranged in a circle to provide a safe grazing area for the oxen.
Daily Life on the Trail
- Most travelers walked beside the slow-moving wagons.
- Buffalo chips were primarily used to start fires, as the Great Plains lacked trees.
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Description
Explore the significant waves of migration in The Oregon Trail through this flashcard quiz. Test your knowledge on the timelines and locations of the great waves of pioneer movement from the 1760s to the 1860s. Perfect for students studying American history.
