Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which division of the nervous system is responsible for relaying information from the skin to the brain regarding temperature?
Which division of the nervous system is responsible for relaying information from the skin to the brain regarding temperature?
- Central Nervous System
- Autonomic Nervous System
- Somatic Nervous System
- Peripheral Nervous System (correct)
During a stressful situation, such as being chased by a dog, which part of the nervous system becomes most active?
During a stressful situation, such as being chased by a dog, which part of the nervous system becomes most active?
- Parasympathetic Nervous System
- Central Nervous System
- Somatic Nervous System
- Sympathetic Nervous System (correct)
What is the primary function of the myelin sheath that surrounds the axon of a neuron?
What is the primary function of the myelin sheath that surrounds the axon of a neuron?
- To increase the speed of electrical signal transmission (correct)
- To synthesize neurotransmitters
- To provide structural support to the neuron
- To receive signals from other neurons
Which type of neuron is responsible for transmitting signals from the spinal cord to a muscle, causing it to contract?
Which type of neuron is responsible for transmitting signals from the spinal cord to a muscle, causing it to contract?
Which of the following accurately describes the role of interneurons?
Which of the following accurately describes the role of interneurons?
Which part of a neuron is primarily responsible for receiving signals from other neurons?
Which part of a neuron is primarily responsible for receiving signals from other neurons?
What is the main function of the Central Nervous System (CNS)?
What is the main function of the Central Nervous System (CNS)?
The 'resting and digesting' response is governed by which branch of the nervous system?
The 'resting and digesting' response is governed by which branch of the nervous system?
What is the function of the sensory nervous system?
What is the function of the sensory nervous system?
Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the nervous system?
Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the nervous system?
Where does the communication between two neurons occur?
Where does the communication between two neurons occur?
If someone touches a hot stove and quickly pulls their hand away, which part of the central nervous system is primarily responsible for this rapid response?
If someone touches a hot stove and quickly pulls their hand away, which part of the central nervous system is primarily responsible for this rapid response?
What is the role of neurotransmitters in neuronal communication?
What is the role of neurotransmitters in neuronal communication?
Which part of the neuron contains the nucleus and other essential organelles?
Which part of the neuron contains the nucleus and other essential organelles?
If a person has damage to their somatic nervous system, which function is most likely to be affected?
If a person has damage to their somatic nervous system, which function is most likely to be affected?
Which of the following actions exemplifies the integrative function of the nervous system?
Which of the following actions exemplifies the integrative function of the nervous system?
Damage to which area of the central nervous system would most likely result in difficulty with motor coordination and balance?
Damage to which area of the central nervous system would most likely result in difficulty with motor coordination and balance?
How do sensory neurons contribute to the functions of the nervous system?
How do sensory neurons contribute to the functions of the nervous system?
A person is startled by a loud noise. Which of the following physiological responses is most likely triggered by the sympathetic nervous system?
A person is startled by a loud noise. Which of the following physiological responses is most likely triggered by the sympathetic nervous system?
What is the primary role of the spinal cord within the central nervous system?
What is the primary role of the spinal cord within the central nervous system?
Flashcards
Nervous System
Nervous System
A complex network of nerves and cells that transmit messages between the brain and spinal cord to other parts of the body.
Brain
Brain
The control center of the body, responsible for thought, memory, emotions, and motor control.
Spinal Cord
Spinal Cord
Connects the brain with the rest of the body, transmitting nerve signals and controlling reflexes.
Somatic Nervous System
Somatic Nervous System
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Autonomic Nervous System
Autonomic Nervous System
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Sympathetic Nervous System
Sympathetic Nervous System
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Parasympathetic Nervous System
Parasympathetic Nervous System
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Neurons
Neurons
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Dendrites
Dendrites
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Axon
Axon
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Synapses
Synapses
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Sensory Neurons
Sensory Neurons
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Motor Neurons
Motor Neurons
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Interneurons
Interneurons
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Sensory Function
Sensory Function
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Integrative Function
Integrative Function
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Motor Function
Motor Function
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Central Nervous System (CNS)
Central Nervous System (CNS)
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Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
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Study Notes
- El sistema nervioso es una red compleja de nervios y células que transmiten mensajes entre el cerebro y la médula espinal a otras partes del cuerpo.
Componentes Principales del Sistema Nervioso
- El sistema nervioso se divide principalmente en dos partes: el sistema nervioso central (SNC) y el sistema nervioso periférico (SNP).
Sistema Nervioso Central (SNC)
- El SNC está compuesto por el cerebro y la médula espinal.
- El cerebro es el centro de control del cuerpo, responsable del pensamiento, la memoria, las emociones y el control motor.
- La médula espinal conecta el cerebro con el resto del cuerpo, transmitiendo señales nerviosas entre el cerebro y los nervios periféricos.
- La médula espinal también controla los reflejos.
Sistema Nervioso Periférico (SNP)
- El SNP está formado por todos los nervios que se encuentran fuera del SNC.
- El SNP se divide en dos partes principales: el sistema nervioso somático y el sistema nervioso autónomo.
- El sistema nervioso somático controla los movimientos voluntarios al activar los músculos esqueléticos.
- El sistema nervioso autónomo regula las funciones involuntarias del cuerpo, como la frecuencia cardÃaca, la digestión y la respiración.
- El sistema nervioso autónomo se subdivide en el sistema nervioso simpático y el sistema nervioso parasimpático.
- El sistema nervioso simpático prepara al cuerpo para situaciones de estrés o emergencia (reacción de "lucha o huida").
- El sistema nervioso parasimpático calma el cuerpo después de una situación de estrés y ayuda a mantener las funciones normales del cuerpo (reacción de "descanso y digestión").
Neuronas
- Las neuronas son las células básicas del sistema nervioso.
- Las neuronas son responsables de transmitir información a través de señales eléctricas y quÃmicas.
- Una neurona tÃpica consta de tres partes principales: el cuerpo celular (soma), las dendritas y el axón.
- El cuerpo celular contiene el núcleo y otros orgánulos celulares.
- Las dendritas son extensiones ramificadas que reciben señales de otras neuronas.
- El axón es una extensión larga que transmite señales a otras neuronas, músculos o glándulas.
- Las neuronas se comunican entre sà a través de sinapsis, que son puntos de contacto donde se transmiten las señales quÃmicas (neurotransmisores) de una neurona a otra.
- Existen diferentes tipos de neuronas, incluyendo neuronas sensoriales (aferentes), neuronas motoras (eferentes) e interneuronas.
- Las neuronas sensoriales transmiten información de los sentidos al SNC.
- Las neuronas motoras transmiten información del SNC a los músculos y glándulas.
- Las interneuronas conectan las neuronas sensoriales y motoras dentro del SNC.
Funciones del Sistema Nervioso
- El sistema nervioso tiene tres funciones principales: sensorial, integradora y motora.
- La función sensorial implica la detección de estÃmulos internos y externos a través de receptores sensoriales.
- La función integradora implica el procesamiento de la información sensorial en el cerebro y la toma de decisiones sobre cómo responder.
- La función motora implica la respuesta a los estÃmulos mediante la activación de músculos o glándulas.
- El sistema nervioso permite la coordinación y regulación de todas las funciones del cuerpo, desde los movimientos voluntarios hasta las funciones involuntarias como la respiración y la digestión.
- El sistema nervioso también juega un papel crucial en la cognición, el aprendizaje y la memoria.
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