Nervous System Types and Subdivisions
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the central nervous system?

  • Facilitating voluntary movements of skeletal muscles
  • Processing sensory information and generating thoughts (correct)
  • Regulating the hormonal activities of the body
  • Transmitting sensory impulses to muscle tissue

    • Which component is NOT part of the peripheral nervous system?

  • Cranial nerves
  • Spinal nerves
  • Neuroglia (correct)
  • Neurons outside the CNS

    • What is a key distinction between the somatic and autonomic nervous systems?

  • The autonomic nervous system includes cranial nerves.
  • The somatic nervous system controls involuntary actions.
  • The somatic nervous system is responsible for voluntary movements. (correct)
  • The autonomic nervous system regulates voluntary muscle movement.

    • How does the peripheral nervous system primarily function in relation to the central nervous system?

    <p>It relays information to and from the central nervous system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements best describes the role of neurons in the nervous system?

    <p>Neurons generate and transmit electrochemical impulses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes the pathways of somatic and autonomic motor neurons?

    <p>Autonomic motor neurons utilize a two-neuron pathway with connections through autonomic ganglia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the neurotransmitter release between somatic and autonomic motor neurons?

    <p>Somatic neurons release acetylcholine, while autonomic neurons may release either acetylcholine or norepinephrine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes the control of motor output in somatic and autonomic systems?

    <p>Autonomic control is involuntary and influenced by multiple brain structures, while somatic control is primarily voluntary.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the cell body of a preganglionic neuron located, and what characterizes its axon?

    <p>In the central nervous system; myelinated axon.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement correctly compares the sensory input of the somatic and autonomic nervous systems?

    <p>Autonomic sensory input mainly derives from visceral sensory receptors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Nervous System Types and Subdivisions

    • The nervous system controls bodily functions, faster than the endocrine system
    • The nervous system's basic unit is the neuron
    • It's divided into two main parts: Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

    Central Nervous System (CNS)

    • Includes the brain and spinal cord
    • Processes sensory information
    • Origin of thoughts, emotions, and memories
    • Directs muscle contractions and gland secretions

    Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

    • All nervous tissue outside the CNS
    • Contains cranial nerves (12 pairs) arising from the brain, and spinal nerves (31 pairs) arising from the spinal cord
    • Relays information to and from the central nervous system
    • Divided into two subdivisions: Somatic and Autonomic nervous systems

    Somatic Nervous System

    • Controls voluntary muscle movements
    • Sensory neurons receive input from touch, temperature, pain, and position sensors (proprioceptors), and the special senses (sight, hearing, taste, smell, balance)
    • Motor neurons connect to skeletal muscles
    • One neuron pathway
    • Neurotransmitter: Acetylcholine (ACh)

    Autonomic Nervous System

    • Concerned with regulating visceral functions (internal organs) like heart rate, blood pressure, digestion, body temperature, and reproduction

    • Involuntary

    • Consists of two divisions: Sympathetic and Parasympathetic divisions

    • Two-neuron pathway (preganglionic and postganglionic neurons)

    • Neurotransmitters: Acetylcholine (ACh) and Norepinephrine (NE)

    • Sympathetic division: involved with "fight-or-flight" responses, supporting exercise and emergency actions.

    • Parasympathetic division: involved with "rest-and-digest" activities, maintaining homeostasis

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    Types & Subdivisions of Nervous System PDF

    Description

    Explore the fundamental aspects of the nervous system, including its two main divisions: the Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS). This quiz covers the functions, structures, and subdivisions that define how our body processes information and responds to stimuli. Test your knowledge on the intricate workings of neurons and muscle control.

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