The Nature of Leadership Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is a key characteristic of leadership as a process?

  • Noncoercive influence (correct)
  • Coercive influence
  • Random decision-making
  • Use of financial incentives

    • Leadership can be solely defined by the traits of an individual.

    False

    What distinguishes management from leadership according to Kotter's distinctions?

    Management focuses on planning and budgeting, while leadership establishes direction.

    Leadership involves the ability to affect the __________, beliefs, attitudes, motivation, and behavior of others.

    <p>perceptions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following concepts to their definitions:

    <p>Leadership as a process = Use of noncoercive influence to direct group activities Leadership as a property = Set of characteristics related to successful influence Influence = Ability to affect perceptions and behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which approach focuses on establishing direction and vision?

    <p>Leadership</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The emergence of situational theories and models of leadership is discussed in this chapter.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does LPC stand for in leadership theories?

    <p>Least Preferred Co-worker</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is primarily required to achieve a vision of the future?

    <p>Resources allocation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Communicating the direction of a plan only requires verbal communication.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one method used to help guide people in achieving the vision?

    <p>Providing policies and procedures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To produce change, leaders must satisfy basic, but often unfulfilled, ______ needs.

    <p>human</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following actions with their related functions:

    <p>Developing a vision = Establishing a structure Aligning people = Motivating and inspiring Monitoring results = Controlling and problem solving Executing plans = Planning and organizing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which outcome is expected from producing a vision?

    <p>Predictability and order</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Monitoring results against the plan is a part of problem solving.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one barrier to change that leaders need to overcome.

    <p>Political barriers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the trait approach to leadership?

    <p>Identifying stable and enduring character traits of leaders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The behavioral approach suggests that effective leaders do not pay attention to job performance.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one characteristic from the currently accepted limited set of leadership traits.

    <p>Emotional intelligence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The opposite ends of a leadership dimension according to the Michigan leadership studies are ________ and employee-centered leadership.

    <p>job-centered</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a leadership trait?

    <p>Time management</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Employee-centered leadership emphasizes high performance goals and building effective work groups.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two types of leader behaviors identified in the Michigan leadership studies?

    <p>Job-centered and employee-centered</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following leadership traits with their descriptions:

    <p>Emotional intelligence = Ability to understand and manage emotions Honesty and integrity = Adherence to ethical principles Drive = Desire to achieve goals Cognitive ability = Capacity for problem-solving and analytical thinking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does consideration behavior in leadership involve?

    <p>Being concerned with subordinates' feelings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Initiating structure behavior relates to expressing concern for subordinates' feelings.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name the two independent dimensions of leadership defined by the Ohio State studies.

    <p>Consideration behavior and initiating structure behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Leadership Grid identifies five leadership styles based on concern for ______ and concern for ______.

    <p>people, production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match each type of leadership behavior with its description:

    <p>Consideration behavior = Concern for subordinates' feelings Initiating structure behavior = Defining roles and expectations Leadership Grid = Evaluating leadership styles Michigan studies = Early behavioral approaches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the objective of organizations using the Leadership Grid?

    <p>To train managers to achieve a balance in concern for people and production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Leadership Grid, a (9,9) style represents a low concern for both people and production.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the horizontal axis of the Leadership Grid represent?

    <p>Concern for production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a kind of leader behavior specified by the path-goal theory of leadership?

    <p>Visionary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Vroom's decision tree approach allows managers to encourage subordinates to participate in decision making based on situational characteristics.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one personal characteristic of subordinates that can impact leader behavior.

    <p>Locus of control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Vroom's decision tree approach, the term _______ refers to when a manager makes the decision alone and then announces it to the group.

    <p>decide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following decision-making styles with their descriptions:

    <p>Decide = Manager makes the decision alone Delegate = Group defines the problem and develops a solution Participative = Encourages input from subordinates Achievement-oriented = Sets challenging goals for subordinates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following environmental characteristics can cause uncertainty?

    <p>Task structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Leaders should maintain a consistent behavior regardless of situational factors.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of leader behavior is characterized by providing support to subordinates?

    <p>Supportive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    The Nature of Leadership

    • Leadership is a process that involves using noncoercive influence to guide and coordinate group members towards a goal.
    • Leadership is also a property based on the traits attributed to individuals perceived to use influence effectively.

    Early Approaches to Leadership

    • Early approaches to leadership focused on stable and enduring traits differentiating effective leaders.
    • Trait approach: Attempts to identify, measure, and utilize traits like emotional intelligence, honesty, and drive to select leaders.
    • Behavioural approach: Focuses on identifying distinct behaviours that differentiate effective leaders.

    The Michigan Leadership Studies

    • Identified two leadership styles at opposite ends of a spectrum:
      • Job-centered leadership: Emphasizes close attention to work, procedures, and performance.
      • Employee-centered leadership: Focuses on building effective work groups with high performance goals.

    The Ohio State Leadership Studies

    • Identified two independent dimensions of leadership:
      • Consideration behavior: Reflects concern for subordinates' feelings and respect for their ideas.
      • Initiating structure behavior: Clearly defines leader-subordinate roles and expectations.

    The Leadership Grid

    • The Leadership Grid evaluates leadership styles based on two dimensions: Concern for People and Concern for Production.
    • The Grid: Depicts five leadership styles using a 9x9 matrix, with the ideal style being a balance of both people and production concerns.

    Situational Leadership Theories

    • Leadership effectiveness is context-dependent and influenced by factors related to both subordinates and the environment.
    • Subordinate Characteristics: Subordinate locus of control and perceived ability influence their relationship with leaders.
    • Environmental Characteristics: Factors like task structure, authority, and work group dynamics contribute to leadership effectiveness.

    Path-Goal Theory

    • This theory outlines four leadership styles:
      • Directive: Provides clear instructions and expectations.
      • Supportive: Shows concern for subordinates' well-being and creates a positive environment.
      • Participative: Involves subordinates in decision-making.
      • Achievement-oriented: Sets challenging goals and encourages high performance.
    • Leaders should adapt their style based on the situational factors to promote motivation and goal achievement.

    Vroom's Decision Tree Approach

    • Vroom's approach focuses on how much subordinate participation to allow in decision-making based on the situation.
    • Premise: Situational characteristics determine the appropriate level of subordinate participation.
    • The decision tree: Provides a framework for choosing an appropriate decision-making style.
    • Decision Styles:
      • Decide: The manager makes the decision independently and announces it.
      • Delegate: The manager allows the group to define the problem and develop a solution.

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    Description

    This quiz explores the key concepts of leadership, focusing on early approaches, including trait and behavioral theories. It also examines findings from the Michigan Leadership Studies, highlighting different leadership styles. Test your understanding of how leaders influence and coordinate group dynamics effectively.

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