The Maragtas History of Panay

Study Notes

Significant archaeological finds in the Tabon Cave include at least 200 jars and various artifacts, indicating advanced burial customs of early Filipinos.
The Manunggul Jar, a notable burial vessel, illustrates the spiritual beliefs of the Aetas regarding the afterlife.
Pedro Monteclaro published "The Maragtas," written in mixed Hiligaynon and Kin-iraya, in 1907, detailing the cultural history of Panay.
Monteclaro served as Teniente Mayor in 1891 and Gobernadorcillo from 1892-1894, and was known for his poetic works in both vernacular and Spanish.

The Ten Datus from Borneo fled the tyranny of Datu Makatunaw and purchased the island of Panay from Marikudo with a solid gold hat and basin.
Datus divided Panay into three areas: Hantik (Antique) led by Datu Sumakwel, Irong-irong (Iloilo) led by Datu Paiburong, and Aklan led by Datu Bangkaya.
The Confederation of Madiaas united under Datu Sumakwel, recognized for his wisdom among the datus.

William Henry Scott authored a doctoral dissertation on historical accounts concerning the Maragtas and had an extensive missionary career in the Philippines.
He documented the socio-political structure of early Filipino society, including the roles of nobles (Maharlika), commoners (Aliping Namamahay), and slaves (Aliping Saguiguilir).

Agriculture flourished with crops such as rice, corn, bananas, coconuts, and sugarcane; combined with hunting and fishing as primary livelihood sources.
Domestic and foreign trade thrived, linking barangays through boating and connecting with regions like Borneo, China, and Japan.
Various crafts including shipbuilding, weaving, and mining contributed to the economy.

Major languages included Tagalog, Ilocano, and Hiligaynon, originating from the Malayo-Polynesian language family.
The Baybayin script consisted of 3 vowels and 14 consonants, with writing materials derived from plant leaves and tree bark.

Apolinario Mabini, a pivotal Filipino revolutionary leader, served as a legal adviser despite being disabled by polio.
Known as the "Brains of the Revolution," Mabini played a crucial role during the Philippine Revolution and later became the First Prime Minister after the establishment of the First Philippine Republic.