The Liver's Role in Blood Pressure Regulation

Questions and Answers

Which organ plays a crucial role in producing enzymes and proteins to control blood pressure?

Liver (correct)

Heart

Kidney

Lungs

What is the name of the protein produced by liver cells that helps control blood pressure?

Angiotensinogen (correct)

Aldosterone

Angiotensin

Renin

How many amino acids does angiotensinogen contain?

452 (correct)

450

400

500

What is the shape of amino acids in a protein like angiotensinogen?

Circles Signup and view all the answers

What is the state of angiotensinogen when it is first produced by liver cells?

Inactive Signup and view all the answers

Which blood vessel is involved in the regulation of blood pressure in the kidney?

Afferent arteriole Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the kidney in regulating blood pressure?

Producing a hormone to stimulate angiotensinogen Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the liver and kidney in regulating blood pressure?

The liver produces angiotensinogen, which is then stimulated by the kidney Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the enzyme that sits on the edge of the cell and waits for angiotensin 1 to interact with it?

Angiotensin converting enzyme Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of angiotensin 1 interacting with angiotensin converting enzyme?

Two amino acids are removed from angiotensin 1 Signup and view all the answers

What is the number of amino acids in angiotensin 2?

8 Signup and view all the answers

Where was it previously thought that angiotensin converting enzyme was primarily found?

Lungs Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the enzyme that starts the process of forming angiotensin 2?

Renin Signup and view all the answers

Why is angiotensin 2 considered to be 'super active'?

Because it has 8 amino acids Signup and view all the answers

In addition to the lungs, where else can angiotensin converting enzyme be found?

Many other capillary beds Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of juxtaglomerular cells?

To sense low blood pressure Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the number of amino acids and the activity of angiotensin?

Less is more, meaning fewer amino acids leads to more activity Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome when renin meets angiotensinogen?

Angiotensin 1 is formed Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the enzyme that sits on the surface of endothelial cells?

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of renin in the kidney?

To release granules into the bloodstream Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for proteins that act on cells far away?

Hormones Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome when angiotensin 1 meets ACE?

Angiotensin 2 is formed Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the juxtaglomerular cells?

In the afferent arteriole Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the protein that is broken down by renin?

Angiotensinogen Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the granular cells that sense low blood pressure?

Juxtaglomerular cells Signup and view all the answers

Where do angiotensin 1 and renin meet?

In the bloodstream Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Kidney and Liver's Role in Blood Pressure Control

The liver plays a crucial role in controlling blood pressure by producing enzymes and proteins, including angiotensinogen.
Angiotensinogen is a large molecule consisting of 452 amino acids, which are released into the bloodstream by liver cells.

Angiotensinogen and Renin

Angiotensinogen is initially inactive and "asleep" in the bloodstream.
The kidney produces a hormone called renin, which is released into the bloodstream when blood pressure is low.
Renin is a protein hormone that acts on distant cells and meets with angiotensinogen in the bloodstream.

Renin and Angiotensinogen Interaction

When renin meets angiotensinogen, it cuts off a large chunk of the angiotensinogen molecule, leaving behind a 10-amino acid chain called angiotensin 1.
Angiotensin 1 is an active hormone that continues to circulate in the bloodstream.

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE)

ACE is an enzyme found on the surface of endothelial cells in capillaries, particularly in the lungs, but also in other parts of the body, including the kidney.
ACE is responsible for converting angiotensin 1 into angiotensin 2 by cutting off two amino acids.
Angiotensin 2 is an active hormone consisting of eight amino acids and is very active and primed to carry out its function.

Importance of Angiotensin 2

Angiotensin 2 is a key player in controlling blood pressure, and its formation is a result of the interaction between renin, angiotensinogen, and ACE.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Learn about the liver's importance in creating enzymes and proteins to control blood pressure, particularly the role of angiotensinogen.