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Questions and Answers
Which organ plays a crucial role in producing enzymes and proteins to control blood pressure?
Which organ plays a crucial role in producing enzymes and proteins to control blood pressure?
What is the name of the protein produced by liver cells that helps control blood pressure?
What is the name of the protein produced by liver cells that helps control blood pressure?
How many amino acids does angiotensinogen contain?
How many amino acids does angiotensinogen contain?
What is the shape of amino acids in a protein like angiotensinogen?
What is the shape of amino acids in a protein like angiotensinogen?
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What is the state of angiotensinogen when it is first produced by liver cells?
What is the state of angiotensinogen when it is first produced by liver cells?
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Which blood vessel is involved in the regulation of blood pressure in the kidney?
Which blood vessel is involved in the regulation of blood pressure in the kidney?
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What is the role of the kidney in regulating blood pressure?
What is the role of the kidney in regulating blood pressure?
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What is the relationship between the liver and kidney in regulating blood pressure?
What is the relationship between the liver and kidney in regulating blood pressure?
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What is the name of the enzyme that sits on the edge of the cell and waits for angiotensin 1 to interact with it?
What is the name of the enzyme that sits on the edge of the cell and waits for angiotensin 1 to interact with it?
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What is the result of angiotensin 1 interacting with angiotensin converting enzyme?
What is the result of angiotensin 1 interacting with angiotensin converting enzyme?
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What is the number of amino acids in angiotensin 2?
What is the number of amino acids in angiotensin 2?
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Where was it previously thought that angiotensin converting enzyme was primarily found?
Where was it previously thought that angiotensin converting enzyme was primarily found?
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What is the name of the enzyme that starts the process of forming angiotensin 2?
What is the name of the enzyme that starts the process of forming angiotensin 2?
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Why is angiotensin 2 considered to be 'super active'?
Why is angiotensin 2 considered to be 'super active'?
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In addition to the lungs, where else can angiotensin converting enzyme be found?
In addition to the lungs, where else can angiotensin converting enzyme be found?
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What is the function of juxtaglomerular cells?
What is the function of juxtaglomerular cells?
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What is the relationship between the number of amino acids and the activity of angiotensin?
What is the relationship between the number of amino acids and the activity of angiotensin?
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What is the outcome when renin meets angiotensinogen?
What is the outcome when renin meets angiotensinogen?
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What is the name of the enzyme that sits on the surface of endothelial cells?
What is the name of the enzyme that sits on the surface of endothelial cells?
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What is the function of renin in the kidney?
What is the function of renin in the kidney?
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What is the term for proteins that act on cells far away?
What is the term for proteins that act on cells far away?
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What is the outcome when angiotensin 1 meets ACE?
What is the outcome when angiotensin 1 meets ACE?
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What is the location of the juxtaglomerular cells?
What is the location of the juxtaglomerular cells?
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What is the name of the protein that is broken down by renin?
What is the name of the protein that is broken down by renin?
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What is the term for the granular cells that sense low blood pressure?
What is the term for the granular cells that sense low blood pressure?
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Where do angiotensin 1 and renin meet?
Where do angiotensin 1 and renin meet?
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Study Notes
Kidney and Liver's Role in Blood Pressure Control
- The liver plays a crucial role in controlling blood pressure by producing enzymes and proteins, including angiotensinogen.
- Angiotensinogen is a large molecule consisting of 452 amino acids, which are released into the bloodstream by liver cells.
Angiotensinogen and Renin
- Angiotensinogen is initially inactive and "asleep" in the bloodstream.
- The kidney produces a hormone called renin, which is released into the bloodstream when blood pressure is low.
- Renin is a protein hormone that acts on distant cells and meets with angiotensinogen in the bloodstream.
Renin and Angiotensinogen Interaction
- When renin meets angiotensinogen, it cuts off a large chunk of the angiotensinogen molecule, leaving behind a 10-amino acid chain called angiotensin 1.
- Angiotensin 1 is an active hormone that continues to circulate in the bloodstream.
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE)
- ACE is an enzyme found on the surface of endothelial cells in capillaries, particularly in the lungs, but also in other parts of the body, including the kidney.
- ACE is responsible for converting angiotensin 1 into angiotensin 2 by cutting off two amino acids.
- Angiotensin 2 is an active hormone consisting of eight amino acids and is very active and primed to carry out its function.
Importance of Angiotensin 2
- Angiotensin 2 is a key player in controlling blood pressure, and its formation is a result of the interaction between renin, angiotensinogen, and ACE.
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Description
Learn about the liver's importance in creating enzymes and proteins to control blood pressure, particularly the role of angiotensinogen.
