The Immune System's Defense Against Cytosolic Pathogens
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Questions and Answers

Which type of microbes are relatively resistant to the microbicidal mechanisms of phagocytes?

  • Microbes that directly enter the cytosol
  • Microbes that are confined to vesicles
  • Microbes that escape from phagosomes into the cytosol (correct)
  • Microbes that are ingested by phagocytes

    • What is the effector mechanism of T cell-mediated immunity that is required to eradicate cytosolic pathogens?

  • Natural killer cells
  • B cells
  • CD8+ CTLs (correct)
  • CD4+ helper T cells

    • What is the basis for the designation of CD8+ T lymphocytes as cytotoxic?

  • Their ability to kill infected cells expressing the antigen
  • Their synthesis of molecules involved in cell killing (correct)
  • Their differentiation into fully active CTLs
  • Their ability to recognize class I MHC-associated peptides

    • Which cytokine is responsible for activation of macrophages in infections and in disease states where excessive activation of CD8+ T cells may be a feature?

    <p>Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of T lymphocytes may function cooperatively to destroy intracellular microbes?

    <p>Both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism by which CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) kill infected cells?

    <p>Inducing apoptosis of the target cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells can capture antigens of infected cells and tumors and present them on class I MHC molecules?

    <p>Dendritic cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required for the differentiation of naive CD8+ T cells into functional CTLs and memory cells?

    <p>Costimulation and help from CD4+ T cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecules on the surface of infected cells do CD8+ CTLs recognize?

    <p>Class I MHC–peptide complexes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main mechanism by which CTLs kill target cells?

    <p>Delivery of granzymes into the cytosol</p> Signup and view all the answers

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