The Immune System and Cancer Treatment Quiz 19.5
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Questions and Answers

What is the main difference between benign and malignant tumors?

  • Benign tumors grow faster than malignant tumors
  • Malignant tumors can spread to other parts of the body, while benign tumors cannot (correct)
  • Benign tumors are cancerous, while malignant tumors are not
  • Malignant tumors are easier to treat than benign tumors

    • What is the goal of newer cancer therapies that enlist the patient's immune system?

  • To harm normal cells
  • To target cancer cells specifically (correct)
  • To induce cell proliferation
  • To prevent the spread of cancer to other parts of the body

    • What is the role of TH1 cells in the immune response against cancer cells?

  • They release cytokines that can activate natural killer cells (correct)
  • They suppress the immune response against cancer cells
  • They promote cell proliferation in cancer cells
  • They differentiate into naïve helper T cells

    • What is the main difference between preventive and therapeutic cancer vaccines?

    <p>Preventive vaccines target viral infections, while therapeutic vaccines exploit tumor-specific antigens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is sipuleucel-T (Provenge)?

    <p>A therapeutic cancer vaccine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do malignant tumors tend to affect the immune response?

    <p>They actively suppress the immune response in various ways</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main drawback of traditional cancer treatment using radiation and/or chemotherapy?

    <p>It can harm normal cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of tumor antigens in the immune response against cancer cells?

    <p>They stimulate naïve helper T cells to become activated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC or Imlygic)?

    <p>A therapeutic cancer vaccine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between benign and malignant tumors?

    <p>Malignant tumors can spread to other parts of the body, while benign tumors cannot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of newer cancer therapies that enlist the patient's immune system?

    <p>To target cancer cells specifically</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of TH1 cells in the immune response against cancer cells?

    <p>They release cytokines that can activate natural killer cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between preventive and therapeutic cancer vaccines?

    <p>Preventive vaccines target viral infections, while therapeutic vaccines exploit tumor-specific antigens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is sipuleucel-T (Provenge)?

    <p>A therapeutic cancer vaccine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do malignant tumors tend to affect the immune response?

    <p>They actively suppress the immune response in various ways</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main drawback of traditional cancer treatment using radiation and/or chemotherapy?

    <p>It can harm normal cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of tumor antigens in the immune response against cancer cells?

    <p>They stimulate naïve helper T cells to become activated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC or Imlygic)?

    <p>A therapeutic cancer vaccine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cancer vaccine is designed to target viral infections that can lead to cancer?

    <p>Preventive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of newer cancer therapies?

    <p>To enlist the patient's immune system to target cancer cells specifically</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first FDA-approved therapeutic cancer vaccine and what cancer does it treat?

    <p>sipuleucel-T (Provenge), prostate cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of immune cells can be activated by cytokines released by TH1 cells?

    <p>Natural killer (NK) cells and activated cytotoxic T cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between a benign and a malignant tumor?

    <p>A benign tumor does not invade nearby tissue or spread to other parts of the body, while a malignant tumor can spread and invade other tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of tumor antigens in activating the immune system?

    <p>They stimulate naïve helper T cells to become activated and differentiate into TH1 cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main drawback of traditional cancer treatment using radiation and/or chemotherapy?

    <p>It can harm normal cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason why malignant tumors tend to suppress the immune response?

    <p>To prevent the immune system from recognizing and attacking cancer cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of therapeutic cancer vaccines?

    <p>To stimulate the immune system to selectively attack cancer cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between benign and malignant tumors?

    <p>Malignant tumors are cancerous and can spread to other parts of the body, while benign tumors are non-cancerous and do not spread</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main drawback of traditional cancer treatment using radiation and/or chemotherapy?

    <p>It can harm normal cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of newer cancer therapies that enlist the patient's immune system?

    <p>To target cancer cells specifically</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of TH1 cells in the immune response against cancer cells?

    <p>TH1 cells release cytokines that can activate natural killer (NK) cells and enhance the killing of activated cytotoxic T cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do malignant tumors tend to affect the immune response?

    <p>Malignant tumors tend to actively suppress the immune response in various ways</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between preventive and therapeutic cancer vaccines?

    <p>Preventive cancer vaccines target viral infections that lead to cancer, while therapeutic cancer vaccines exploit tumor-specific antigens to selectively attack cancer cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is sipuleucel-T (Provenge)?

    <p>A type of therapeutic cancer vaccine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC or Imlygic)?

    <p>A type of therapeutic cancer vaccine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of natural killer (NK) cells in the immune response against cancer cells?

    <p>To directly attack cancer cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do cell-mediated immune responses do in the immune response against cancer cells?

    <p>They can be directed against cancer cells, which do not have the normal complement of self-proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of experimental therapeutic cancer vaccines?

    <p>To stimulate the immune system to selectively attack cancer cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of cytokines in the immune response against cancer cells?

    <p>To activate natural killer (NK) cells and enhance the killing of activated cytotoxic T cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between benign and malignant tumors?

    <p>Benign tumors do not spread to other parts of the body, while malignant tumors can metastasize.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main drawback of traditional cancer treatment using radiation and/or chemotherapy?

    <p>It can harm normal cells in addition to cancer cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of newer cancer therapies that enlist the patient's immune system?

    <p>To enlist the patient's immune system to specifically target cancer cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of tumor antigens in the immune response against cancer cells?

    <p>To enhance the killing of activated cytotoxic T cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between preventive and therapeutic cancer vaccines?

    <p>Preventive cancer vaccines target viral infections that are known to lead to cancer, while therapeutic cancer vaccines stimulate the immune system to selectively attack cancer cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is sipuleucel-T (Provenge)?

    <p>A therapeutic cancer vaccine for prostate cancer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main way in which malignant tumors tend to suppress the immune response?

    <p>By inhibiting the activation of T cells and other immune cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of TH1 cells in the immune response against cancer cells?

    <p>To enhance the killing of activated cytotoxic T cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC or Imlygic)?

    <p>A therapeutic cancer vaccine for melanoma.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of cell-mediated immune responses against cancer cells?

    <p>To selectively attack cancer cells using the patient's immune system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main drawback of most therapeutic cancer vaccines?

    <p>They are still in the experimental stage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of most preventive cancer vaccines?

    <p>To prevent cancer from developing in the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between benign and malignant tumors?

    <p>Malignant tumors can invade nearby tissues and spread to other parts of the body, while benign tumors cannot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main drawback of traditional cancer treatment using radiation and/or chemotherapy?

    <p>It can harm normal cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of newer cancer therapies that enlist the patient's immune system?

    <p>To specifically target cancer cells without harming normal cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of tumor antigens in the immune response against cancer cells?

    <p>They stimulate naïve helper T cells to become activated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do malignant tumors tend to affect the immune response?

    <p>They prevent the immune system from attacking cancer cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between preventive and therapeutic cancer vaccines?

    <p>Preventive vaccines are given to healthy individuals to prevent cancer, while therapeutic vaccines are given to individuals with cancer to treat it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the FDA-approved therapeutic cancer vaccine for certain cases of prostate cancer?

    <p>Sipuleucel-T (Provenge)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the FDA-approved therapeutic cancer vaccine for treatment of melanoma?

    <p>Talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC or Imlygic)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main way that newer cancer therapies attempt to target cancer cells specifically?

    <p>By enlisting the patient's immune system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of TH1 cells in the immune response against cancer cells?

    <p>They stimulate naïve helper T cells to become activated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main drawback of therapeutic cancer vaccines?

    <p>They are still in the experimental stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main drawback of preventive cancer vaccines?

    <p>They only target viral infections that lead to cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between benign and malignant tumors?

    <p>Benign tumors are not cancerous and do not spread, while malignant tumors are cancerous and can spread to other parts of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main drawback of traditional cancer treatment using radiation and/or chemotherapy?

    <p>It can harm normal cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of newer cancer therapies that enlist the patient's immune system?

    <p>To target cancer cells specifically</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of TH1 cells in the immune response against cancer cells?

    <p>To release cytokines that can activate natural killer (NK) cells and enhance the killing of activated cytotoxic T cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between preventive and therapeutic cancer vaccines?

    <p>Preventive cancer vaccines target viral infections that are known to lead to cancer, while therapeutic cancer vaccines exploit tumor-specific antigens to stimulate the immune system to selectively attack cancer cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is sipuleucel-T (Provenge)?

    <p>The first FDA-approved therapeutic cancer vaccine used to treat certain cases of prostate cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do malignant tumors tend to affect the immune response?

    <p>By actively suppressing the immune response in various ways, which is still not fully understood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of tumor antigens in the immune response against cancer cells?

    <p>To stimulate naïve helper T cells to become activated and differentiate into TH1cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC or Imlygic)?

    <p>Another therapeutic cancer vaccine approved by the FDA in 2015 for treatment of melanoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between cell-mediated and antibody-mediated immune responses?

    <p>Cell-mediated immune responses involve the activation of T cells, while antibody-mediated immune responses involve the production of antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between a virus and a tumor antigen?

    <p>A virus is a foreign substance that invades the body, while a tumor antigen is a protein made by cancer cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between a preventive cancer vaccine and a therapeutic cancer vaccine?

    <p>A preventive cancer vaccine exploits tumor-specific antigens to stimulate the immune system to selectively attack cancer cells, while a therapeutic cancer vaccine targets viral infections that are known to lead to cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between benign and malignant tumors?

    <p>Benign tumors are non-cancerous while malignant tumors are cancerous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main drawback of traditional cancer treatment using radiation and/or chemotherapy?

    <p>It can harm normal cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of tumor antigens in the immune response against cancer cells?

    <p>To stimulate the differentiation of TH1 cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of newer cancer therapies that enlist the patient's immune system?

    <p>To selectively target and kill cancer cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between preventive and therapeutic cancer vaccines?

    <p>Preventive vaccines are used to prevent cancer while therapeutic vaccines are used after cancer has already developed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first FDA-approved therapeutic cancer vaccine?

    <p>Sipuleucel-T (Provenge)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main way in which malignant tumors tend to suppress the immune response?

    <p>By actively suppressing the immune response in various ways</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main type of cancer targeted by most preventive cancer vaccines?

    <p>Viral infections known to lead to cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main type of cancer targeted by sipuleucel-T (Provenge)?

    <p>Prostate cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main type of cancer targeted by talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC or Imlygic)?

    <p>Melanoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main mechanism by which TH1 cells enhance the killing of activated cytotoxic T cells?

    <p>By releasing cytokines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main drawback of using traditional cancer treatment alone to treat cancer?

    <p>It can harm normal cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

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