Questions and Answers
Who is considered the father of social science?
Which era is characterized by ignorance and neglect of logical sciences?
What did Edward Taylor believe regarding cultures?
Which field of anthropology studies human remains and artifacts?
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What was a significant characteristic of the Islamic Era?
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Which of the following concepts refers to the belief that every citizen must follow the rules, including the rule maker?
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What period followed the Age of Enlightenment and saw significant advancements in research?
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Which anthropological field deals with the structure and use of languages?
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Which concept was prevalent during the Medieval Era?
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Which of the following best describes the Renaissance?
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Study Notes
Scientific Study of the Social
- Heroditus, known as the Father of social science, contributed foundational theories.
- The concept of "Barbaric" reflects historical perceptions of Egypt and Africa.
- Charles Darwin proposed that humans possess greater intelligence than primates, leading to mixed ancestral theories.
- Franz Boas emphasized cultural relativism and the importance of understanding different cultural contexts.
- Edward Taylor asserted that cultural adaptation is a natural human trait.
- Henry Olex Beyer is recognized as the Father of sociology in the Philippines.
- Natural science encompasses empirical investigations into the elements of the natural world, primarily divided into biology and physics.
- Humanities explore the human condition through analytical and critical methods, including language, communication, and critical thinking.
Eras in the History of Humanity
The Emergence
- The Dark Ages were marked by ignorance and neglect of logical science, coinciding with the Black Plague and widespread diseases.
- The Age of Enlightenment sparked innovation and a resurgence in research.
- The Renaissance represented a revival of classical knowledge and cultural achievements.
- The 19th Century witnessed the decline of Spanish colonial rule and the onset of the Industrial Revolution.
- The 20th Century introduced applied mathematics, particularly statistics, while also seeing the rise of mass media and social movements, exemplified by figures like Gabriela.
Modern Social Science
- Modern social science is vital for governmental transformations, emphasizing the impact of technology on social behaviors.
Contemporary
- Contemporary society often struggles to differentiate between reality and technology, leading to notions of "Imitation."
Post-Contemporary
- The post-contemporary era is characterized by social movements challenging governmental authority, addressing issues such as abortion and LGBTQ rights.
The Study of Humanity
Anthropology
- The term "anthropos" refers to man, and "logos" signifies study or science, highlighting the comprehensive study of humankind and cultures across time.
Four Fields of Anthropology
- Archeology focuses on human activities through cultural artifacts and remains.
- Cultural anthropology examines diverse human cultures, civilizations, ethics, and legal systems.
- Linguistic anthropology explores lost languages, their structures, and applications, integrating hermeneutics.
- Biological anthropology, or physical anthropology, investigates the biological aspects of humanity.
Egyptian Era
- Ancient Egyptians excelled in advanced technologies, significant for constructing monumental architecture while maintaining humanistic practices honoring their deities.
Greco-Roman Era
- Philosophy flourished with thinkers like Socrates, engaging with concepts of democracy and communism.
- The Roman belief in substantialism held that all objects possess inherent nature, influencing governance.
- The principle of "The rule of law" mandated that all citizens, including those in power, adhere to legal guidelines.
- Latin became the dominant language of the Romans, forming the foundation of numerous modern Western languages.
Medieval Era
- The Medieval period was heavily influenced by Christianity, characterized by close-mindedness and emphasis on cultural activities, with feudalism prioritizing land ownership and slave labor.
- Key figures like St. Augustine shaped religious ideological frameworks.
Islamic Era
- This era is noted for being one of the longest-lasting civilizations, notable for a distinct culture and religion that protected and maintained its cultural identity.
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Description
Explore the foundational figures and concepts in the scientific study of humanity and society. This quiz covers influential thinkers like Heroditus, Darwin, and Boas, and their contributions to understanding culture and sociology. Dive into the development of social sciences and their relevance to human adaptation and evolution.
