The Heart

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Which chamber of the heart receives poorly oxygenated (venous) blood from the body?

Right atrium (correct)
Left ventricle
Left atrium
Right ventricle

Which chamber of the heart receives well-oxygenated (arterial) blood from the lungs?

Left atrium (correct)
Right atrium
Left ventricle
Right ventricle

Which chamber of the heart pumps blood into the aorta for distribution to the body?

Right atrium
Left ventricle (correct)
Left atrium
Right ventricle

Which event marks the beginning of diastole?

Closure of aortic and pulmonary valves (D) Signup and view all the answers

What causes the first heart sound (lub) heard with a stethoscope?

Closure of atrioventricular valves (A) Signup and view all the answers

What causes the second heart sound (dub) heard with a stethoscope?

Closure of aortic and pulmonary valves (B) Signup and view all the answers

What event marks the end of diastole?

Ventricular shortening and emptying (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the heart wall is composed of cardiac muscle?

Myocardium (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the outermost layer of the heart wall called?

Epicardium (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the heart wall lines the internal surface of the heart and its valves?

Endocardium (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which structure of the heart prevents the orifices of the valves from being overly distended?

Fibrous skeleton (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the fibrous skeleton of the heart?

Prevents valve distension (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the heart provides attachment for the leaflets and cusps of the valves?

Fibrous skeleton (B) Signup and view all the answers

What shape does the heart appear to be from an anterior or posterior view?

Tipped-over pyramid (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the fibrous skeleton in terms of electrical conduction in the heart?

Forms an electrical insulator (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the heart is formed mainly by the left atrium?

Base (D) Signup and view all the answers

Where is the apex of the heart located in adults?

Posterior to the left 5th intercostal space (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which surface of the heart is formed mainly by the left ventricle and partly by the right ventricle?

Diaphragmatic (inferior) surface (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the heart remains motionless throughout the cardiac cycle?

Apex (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the heart receives the pulmonary veins?

Left atrium (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which border of the heart is formed by the right atrium and extends between the superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava?

Right border (D) Signup and view all the answers

What structure emerges from the superior border of the heart?

Pulmonary trunk (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the arterial continuation of the right ventricle and divides into right and left pulmonary arteries?

Pulmonary trunk (D) Signup and view all the answers