Podcast Beta
Questions and Answers
Viral diseases of plants have been known for several centuries
True
Dutch artists of the 17th century often depicted infected tulip flowers in their artwork
True
Some Dutch flower growers knew how to breed striped tulip flowers from ordinary bulbs
True
Adolf Mayer concluded that the causative agent of tobacco mosaic is a bacterium
Signup and view all the answers
D. I. Ivanovsky proved the existence of a new type of pathogen called a virus in 1886
Signup and view all the answers
The discovery of the virus as a new type of pathogen was a significant step in the study of diseases
Signup and view all the answers
Did Ivanovsky's doctoral dissertation on 'Mosaic tobacco disease' lead to the establishment of the scientific discipline of virology?
Signup and view all the answers
Electron microscopy in the 1930s allowed for the detailed study of the structure of virions, such as the rod-shaped particles of tobacco mosaic virus obtained in a crystalline state.
Signup and view all the answers
Girer and Schram proved the ability of purified viral nucleic acid to cause viral infection using the example of tobacco mosaic virus RNA.
Signup and view all the answers
The virologists of the USSR conducted in-depth theoretical studies and developed effective measures to combat bacterial diseases.
Signup and view all the answers
Virology is currently one of the main biological sciences, with its beginning associated with the discovery of the tobacco mosaic virus and the study of bacterial viruses and viral diseases of animals.
Signup and view all the answers
Real viruses, characterized by their ability to pass through bacterial filters, were initially referred to as ultraviruses or filtering viruses.
Signup and view all the answers
Viruses can grow on artificial nutrient media.
Signup and view all the answers
Viruses consist of either RNA or DNA, surrounded by a protein shell.
Signup and view all the answers
The genome of viruses is represented only by protein.
Signup and view all the answers
Zoopathogenic viruses, phytopathogenic viruses, bacteriophages, and cyanophages are different types of viruses.
Signup and view all the answers
Viruses are considered to be living organisms by most scientists.
Signup and view all the answers
Viruses do not show the properties of life when outside of a cell.
Signup and view all the answers
Viruses can only reproduce within the cells of susceptible organisms.
Signup and view all the answers
Environmental conditions have no direct effect on viruses.
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Discovery of Virology and Foundations of Virological Research
- D.I. Ivanovsky's doctoral dissertation on "Mosaic tobacco disease" revealed key properties of the tobacco mosaic pathogen such as filterability through bacterial filters, infectivity, inability to grow on artificial nutrient media and the existence of a new class of microorganisms.
- Ivanovsky discovered viruses, which led to the establishment of the scientific discipline of virology.
- Martin Beyerink, in 1898, based on Ivanovsky's data, concluded that an unknown infectious agent causes tobacco mosaic, passing through a porcelain filter and diffusing into agar gel.
- Electron microscopy in the 1930s allowed for the detailed study of the structure of virions, such as the rod-shaped particles of tobacco mosaic virus obtained in a crystalline state.
- Girer and Schram proved the ability of purified viral nucleic acid to cause viral infection using the example of tobacco mosaic virus RNA.
- The discovery of bacterial viruses (bacteriophages) by Tuort and D Errel was a significant development in virology.
- The formation of virology as an independent science was driven by serious virological research in scientific centers of many countries, including the USSR.
- In the USSR, phytovirusological laboratories were established in the 1930s under the leadership of prominent scientists.
- The virologists of the USSR conducted in-depth theoretical studies and developed effective measures to combat viral diseases.
- Virology is currently one of the main biological sciences, with its beginning associated with the discovery of the tobacco mosaic virus and the study of bacterial viruses and viral diseases of animals.
- The term "virus" has been known for a long time, initially used by the ancient Greeks and later adopted by Louis Pasteur to denote pathogens of infectious diseases.
- Real viruses, characterized by their ability to pass through bacterial filters, were initially referred to as ultraviruses or filtering viruses.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Explore the groundbreaking discoveries and foundations of virological research, from the identification of the tobacco mosaic virus to the development of virology as an independent science. This quiz traces the historical milestones and key figures in the emergence of virology as a significant biological discipline.
