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Questions and Answers
What significant event is marked by August 23, 1896 in Philippine history?
What significant event is marked by August 23, 1896 in Philippine history?
Which document was discovered in the Archdiocesan Archives of Manila related to José Rizal?
Which document was discovered in the Archdiocesan Archives of Manila related to José Rizal?
What symbolic action did the Katipuneros perform during the gathering at Pugad Lawin?
What symbolic action did the Katipuneros perform during the gathering at Pugad Lawin?
Which figure is primarily associated with leading the gathering at Pugad Lawin?
Which figure is primarily associated with leading the gathering at Pugad Lawin?
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How does the Cry of Pugad Lawin relate to Mexico's Grito de Dolores?
How does the Cry of Pugad Lawin relate to Mexico's Grito de Dolores?
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What was created in 1908 to commemorate the event at Balintawak?
What was created in 1908 to commemorate the event at Balintawak?
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Which of the following statements is true regarding the retraction of José Rizal?
Which of the following statements is true regarding the retraction of José Rizal?
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What does the term 'Cry of Balintawak' refer to?
What does the term 'Cry of Balintawak' refer to?
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Who identified Pugad Lawin as the actual site of the first Cry of the revolution?
Who identified Pugad Lawin as the actual site of the first Cry of the revolution?
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What was the main focus of the meeting held at Pugad Lawin on August 23, 1896?
What was the main focus of the meeting held at Pugad Lawin on August 23, 1896?
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Which of the following individuals was NOT mentioned as attending the meeting in Balintawak?
Which of the following individuals was NOT mentioned as attending the meeting in Balintawak?
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What event followed the meeting at Pugad Lawin according to Valenzuela's account?
What event followed the meeting at Pugad Lawin according to Valenzuela's account?
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When did Pio Valenzuela join the members gathered at Balintawak?
When did Pio Valenzuela join the members gathered at Balintawak?
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At what time did Santiago Alvarez's group begin their trek to Kanglong?
At what time did Santiago Alvarez's group begin their trek to Kanglong?
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How many men assembled at the house of Apolonio Samson at Balintawak according to Alvarez?
How many men assembled at the house of Apolonio Samson at Balintawak according to Alvarez?
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Who was said to be the son of Melchora Aquino at the Pugad Lawin meeting?
Who was said to be the son of Melchora Aquino at the Pugad Lawin meeting?
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What does the Filipino term 'Kasaysayan' primarily signify in its essence?
What does the Filipino term 'Kasaysayan' primarily signify in its essence?
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Which of the following is NOT a reason why studying history is important?
Which of the following is NOT a reason why studying history is important?
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What key concept is emphasized by Zeus Atayza Salazar regarding the writing of history?
What key concept is emphasized by Zeus Atayza Salazar regarding the writing of history?
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Which statement best represents the phrase 'No Document, No History'?
Which statement best represents the phrase 'No Document, No History'?
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What does Pantayong Pananaw promote in the context of Philippine history?
What does Pantayong Pananaw promote in the context of Philippine history?
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What was one main reason cited by Montero and Izquierdo for the 'revolution'?
What was one main reason cited by Montero and Izquierdo for the 'revolution'?
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Which factor did Izquierdo blame for inciting unrest among the Filipinos?
Which factor did Izquierdo blame for inciting unrest among the Filipinos?
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Who were the native clergy believed to have supported in the context of the revolution?
Who were the native clergy believed to have supported in the context of the revolution?
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How did Izquierdo depict the Indios in his report?
How did Izquierdo depict the Indios in his report?
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What role did the Spanish Revolution play in the events described by Montero and Izquierdo?
What role did the Spanish Revolution play in the events described by Montero and Izquierdo?
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What was Ferdinand Magellan's flagship called?
What was Ferdinand Magellan's flagship called?
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Which ship was the largest in Magellan's fleet?
Which ship was the largest in Magellan's fleet?
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Who commanded the smallest ship, Victoria, after Magellan's death?
Who commanded the smallest ship, Victoria, after Magellan's death?
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What was the primary motivation behind Magellan's voyage?
What was the primary motivation behind Magellan's voyage?
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Which mourning rite was specifically designated for a dead man?
Which mourning rite was specifically designated for a dead man?
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How did early Filipinos preserve their writing materials?
How did early Filipinos preserve their writing materials?
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What color and sound restrictions were imposed during the Laraw mourning rites?
What color and sound restrictions were imposed during the Laraw mourning rites?
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Who documented Magellan's first voyage around the world?
Who documented Magellan's first voyage around the world?
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What was the writing system used by early Filipinos called?
What was the writing system used by early Filipinos called?
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What was Magellan's personal ambition during the voyage?
What was Magellan's personal ambition during the voyage?
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What social actions were suspended during the Laraw mourning rites?
What social actions were suspended during the Laraw mourning rites?
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Study Notes
The Cry of Pugad Lawin/Balintawak
- The Cry of Pugad Lawin or Balintawak was a significant event that marked the start of the Philippine Revolution.
- It occurred on August 23, 1896, with a gathering of 500-1,000 Katipuneros.
- The event symbolized the Filipinos' rebellion against Spanish rule.
- The monument at Balintawak Cloverleaf in Quezon commemorates the event.
Accounts of the Event
- Dr. Pio Valenzuela and Santiago Alvarez provide different accounts of the event.
Dr. Pio Valenzuela's Account
- He believed the event happened in Pugad Lawin, not Balintawak.
- He identified the location as part of Sitio Gulod, Banlat, Kalookan City.
- He described the meeting of Katipuneros at the house of Juan Ramos, son of Melchora Aquino.
- He noted the tearing of cedula certificates as a symbol of breaking away from Spain.
Santiago Alvarez's Account
- He described the gathering at the house of Apolonio Samson in Kangkong.
- He mentioned the assignment of guards and the assembly of about 300 men.
The Spanish Perspective on the Revolution
- Spanish officials, like Montero and Izquierdo, attributed the revolution to various factors.
- They blamed the abolition of privileges for Cavite arsenal workers and the influence of the native clergy.
- They also pointed to the spread of democratic ideals and newspapers as contributing factors.
- They accused the Filipinos of gullibility and a propensity for stealing.
Ferdinand Magellan's First Voyage
- Magellan's voyage was motivated by the desire to find a westward route to the Spice Islands.
- The Spanish crew, led by Magellan, consisted of about 270 men, mostly Spaniards.
- The voyage marked the beginning of European colonization of the Philippines.
Key Ships in the Expedition
- Trinidad: Flagship, commanded by Ferdinand Magellan.
- San Antonio: Largest ship, commanded by Martin de Irala and later Francisco de Saboya.
- Concepción: One of the smaller ships, commanded by Gaspar de Quesada.
- Santiago: A smaller vessel, commanded by Luís de Mendoza.
- Victoria: The smallest ship, commanded by Juan Sebastián Elcano after Magellan's death.
Conflict with Lapu-Lapu
- Lapu-Lapu, the chieftain of Matan, refused to submit to Spanish rule or convert to Christianity.
- This led to a conflict between Magellan and Lapu-Lapu on April 27, 1521.
Early Filipino Writing System
- The early Filipinos used a system of writing called Baybayin.
- The system consisted of 3 vowels and 14 consonants.
- Filipinos used tap of trees as ink and pointed sticks as pencils.
- They wrote on large plant leaves, tree bark, or bamboo tubes.
Early Filipino Death and Burial Practices
- Early Filipinos had specific mourning rites for the dead.
- Laraw rites for the datu had strict rules, including no loud colors, singing, or warfare.
- Maglahi was for mourning a dead man, and Morotal for mourning a dead woman.
Antonio Pigafetta’s Account of Magellan’s First Voyage
- Antonio Pigafetta's book provides valuable and detailed information about Magellan's expedition.
- It is one of the most important records narrating the journey.
- It covers the challenges, discoveries, and encounters during the voyage.
Understanding History from a Filipino Perspective
- The term "Kasaysayan" in Tagalog emphasizes meaning, relevance, and significance.
- It is the study of past events that hold meaning for individuals or groups.
- It can be transmitted both orally and in writing.
Importance of Studying History
- Studying history helps develop a deeper comprehension of the world.
- It aids in understanding ourselves and other people.
- It teaches us about change.
- It helps us become better citizens and decision-makers.
- It fosters appreciation for the past and its influence on the present.
"No Document, No History" and the Role of Evidence in Historiography
- The mantra "No Document, No History" is a principle of traditional historians.
- It highlights the importance of written documents as evidence for historical events.
- Historiography emphasizes the use of methodology and evidence-based research.
- History is not based on hearsay or gossip.
Zeus Atayza Salazar and Pantayong Pananaw
- Zeus Atayza Salazar is a Filipino historian and anthropologist.
- He is known for pioneering an emic perspective called Pantayong Pananaw (for-us, from-us perspective).
- This perspective emphasizes the importance of understanding history through the lens of Filipino culture and language.
- He is often referred to as the "Father of New Philippine Historiography".
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Description
This quiz covers the pivotal event known as The Cry of Pugad Lawin, which marked the beginning of the Philippine Revolution against Spanish rule. Explore various accounts from key figures like Dr. Pio Valenzuela and Santiago Alvarez, detailing where and how this historic gathering took place. Test your knowledge of this significant moment in Philippine history.