The Complexities of Nature-Based Solutions

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Questions and Answers

What is a potential pitfall of nature-based solutions (NbS) highlighted in the text?

  • Inadequate focus on urban green infrastructure
  • Neglecting the need to decarbonize energy systems
  • Lack of attention to marine ecosystem restoration
  • Over-emphasis on tree planting rather than a wide range of NbS (correct)

What potential harm is associated with inappropriate tree planting according to the text?

  • Enhancement of local biodiversity
  • Disruption of healthy forest establishment (correct)
  • Promotion of carbon sequestration
  • Mitigation of adverse impacts on local communities

What is a consequence of the current allocation of funds for nature-based solutions (NbS) according to the text?

  • Mainly directed towards tree planting (correct)
  • Evenly distributed across various NbS actions
  • Solely invested in urban green infrastructure
  • Primarily focused on marine ecosystem restoration

What is a potential drawback of the simple narrative 'plant a tree to save the planet' mentioned in the text?

<p>Over-reliance on tree planting as a climate solution (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is a key consideration in the planning meeting for the Nature-based Solution project on Tree-Plantation?

<p>Financial (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a concern related to the use of non-native species in tree-plantation projects?

<p>They may replace important biodiverse ecosystems (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential benefit of commercial plantations in the context of the Nature-based Solution project?

<p>Providing income for landowners (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a challenge associated with FLR initiatives in the context of the Nature-based Solution project?

<p>Lack of distinction between reforestation and afforestation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a concern about afforestation activities in north-west India?

<p>They result in loss of diversity and promote monocultures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary reason for the dominance of commercial plantations in the Nature-based Solution project?

<p>Providing income for landowners and tax revenue for governments (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a concern related to the lack of explicit monitoring of biodiversity outcomes in NbS studies?

<p>Inability to measure the effectiveness of conservation actions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential drawback of using non-native species in restoration projects?

<p>Replacing native species (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key issue with the current pledges for NbS?

<p>Lack of recognition of important distinctions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential benefit of introducing non-native species in restoration projects?

<p>Better adaptation to current or future climates (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a concern related to conservation actions in areas rich in both carbon and biodiversity?

<p>Inability to support mitigation and biodiversity goals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a concern related to the Bonn Challenge guidance?

<p>Lack of quantitative targets for biodiversity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What potential negative impact can afforestation have on peaty soils?

<p>Lead to soil carbon losses surpassing carbon sequestered by trees (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of inappropriate tree planting on high carbon soils or naturally open habitats?

<p>Causing more harm than good (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can happen to harvested timber in terms of carbon release?

<p>End up in short-lived products like paper, card, and MDF furniture, releasing carbon back into the atmosphere (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of afforestation in fire-adapted savannah and dryland grassland ecosystems?

<p>Reducing ecosystem resilience and long-term soil carbon storage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary for tree-planting schemes to thrive?

<p>Careful design to thrive in specific conditions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can planting trees in the wrong place lead to?

<p>Trade-offs between ecosystem services, such as water pollution and reduced water availability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of the current focus on planting trees?

<p>Diverting attention from the urgent need to protect intact ecosystems (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a balanced approach to Nature-Based Solutions (NbS) prioritize?

<p>Protecting intact ecosystems, restoring partially degraded forests, and implementing 'proforestation' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can Nature-Based Solutions (NbS) distract from?

<p>The need to decarbonize energy systems (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of NbS implementation on local communities?

<p>Potential adverse impacts on local communities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is often excluded from land-use decisions involving ecosystem protection and management?

<p>Indigenous Peoples and local communities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of weak regulatory frameworks in nature-based solutions?

<p>Appropriation of land and resources for environmental purposes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of the lack of involvement of Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities (IPLCs) in nature-based solutions?

<p>Ignoring their cultural ties to ecosystems and livelihoods (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How have some conservation programs alienated local communities?

<p>By using them for labor while restricting their access to resources (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are local people often marginalized in decision-making processes?

<p>Labeled as ignorant rather than recognized for valuable local knowledge (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can poorly implemented 'offset' projects lead to?

<p>Pushback against Nature-Based Solutions (NbS) from local communities and conservation practitioners (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What may arise from Nature-Based Solutions (NbS), benefiting some at the expense of others?

<p>Trade-offs leading to suspicion and negative impacts on local communities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be factored in when including affected communities in decision-making processes?

<p>Social differentiation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What may Nature-Based Solutions (NbS) distract from?

<p>The need to decarbonize energy systems (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are investments primarily directed in the context of Nature-Based Solutions (NbS)?

<p>Creating ecosystems, particularly tree plantations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the outcome of NbS initiatives for biodiversity depend on?

<p>Factors such as species used, landscape state, and management regime (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What may establishing non-native tree plantations in degraded landscapes benefit locally or regionally, but harm in intact ecosystems?

<p>Biodiversity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can Afforestation and Biomass Energy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) achieve at the global level, depending on location and productivity?

<p>Net biodiversity benefits (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Potential Pitfalls of Nature-Based Solutions

  • Weak regulatory frameworks can lead to "green grabbing," where land and resources are appropriated for environmental purposes, displacing vulnerable communities.
  • Lack of involvement of Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities (IPLCs) can ignore their cultural ties to ecosystems and livelihoods.
  • Some conservation programs have alienated local communities by using them for labor while restricting their access to resources, impacting stocks and biodiversity.
  • Local people are often marginalized in decision-making processes and labeled as ignorant, rather than being recognized as having valuable local knowledge.
  • Poorly implemented 'offset' projects can lead to pushback against Nature-Based Solutions (NbS) from local communities and conservation practitioners.
  • Trade-offs may arise from NbS, benefiting some at the expense of others, leading to suspicion and negative impacts on local communities.
  • Affected communities should be included in decision-making processes, not used for labor, and social differentiation should be factored in.
  • NbS can distract from the need to decarbonize energy systems and may overemphasize tree planting at the expense of other NbS.
  • Investments are primarily directed towards creating ecosystems, particularly tree plantations, rather than protecting intact ecosystems.
  • The outcome of NbS initiatives for biodiversity depends on factors such as species used, landscape state, and management regime.
  • Establishing non-native tree plantations in degraded landscapes may benefit biodiversity locally or regionally, but can harm native biodiversity in intact ecosystems.
  • Afforestation and Biomass Energy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) can cause local biodiversity loss but may achieve net biodiversity benefits at the global level, depending on location and productivity.

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