The Cell Cycle and its Phases Quiz

During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA synthesis occur?

G1 phase
G2 phase
M phase
S phase (correct)

Which phase of the cell cycle is characterized by cell preparation for cell division?

M phase
G2 phase (correct)
S phase
G1 phase

What is the principal goal of the cell cycle?

To produce four daughter cells
To produce two daughter cells, each containing identical chromosomes to the parent cell (correct)
To produce a single daughter cell
To produce two daughter cells with non-identical chromosomes

Which phase of the cell cycle involves continuous growth of the cell and synthesis of RNA and proteins?

G1 phase (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the restriction checkpoint in the cell cycle?

To evaluate the cell's replicative potential before deciding to either enter the S phase and the next round of cell division or retire and leave the cell cycle (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of malfunctioning at any of the checkpoints during the cell cycle?

Generation of aneuploid cells (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which phase may last for only a few hours in a rapidly dividing cell, or it may last a lifetime in a nondividing cell?

G1 phase (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is defined as the failure to arrest the cell cycle before or at mitosis, resulting in abnormal chromosome separation?

Mitotic catastrophe (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the mechanisms contributing to oncogenesis (tumor cell development)?

Generation of aneuploid cells (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of the M (mitosis) phase?

~1 hour excluding karyokinesis and cytokinesis (A) Signup and view all the answers

Match the cell cycle phase with its description:

G1 phase = Characterized by continuous growth of the cell and synthesis of RNA and proteins S phase = Involves DNA synthesis and replication G2 phase = Preparation for mitosis and growth M (mitosis) phase = Includes division of the nucleus and the cell Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their descriptions:

Mitotic catastrophe = Defined as the failure to arrest the cell cycle before or at mitosis, resulting in abnormal chromosome separation Restriction checkpoint = The most important checkpoint in the cell cycle where the cell self-evaluates its own replicative potential G1 phase = Phase characterized by cells preparing for DNA synthesis and cell division Aneuploid cells = Cells containing abnormal chromosome numbers Signup and view all the answers

Match the following concepts with their outcomes:

Malfunction at any of the cell cycle checkpoints = Consequence may lead to mitotic catastrophe and generation of aneuploid cells Mitotic catastrophe = One of the mechanisms contributing to oncogenesis (tumor cell development) Failure to execute the apoptotic cycle = Likely division of cells asymmetrically in the next round of cell division Normal activation of apoptotic cycle = Results in death of cells with malfunctioning checkpoints Signup and view all the answers

Match the following phases of the cell cycle with their descriptions:

G1 phase = Longest and most variable phase of the cell cycle, involving nutrient gathering and synthesis of RNA and proteins S phase = Period of DNA synthesis, resulting in the doubling of the cell's DNA and formation of new chromatids G2 phase = Phase involving cell growth and reorganization of cytoplasmic organelles before entering the mitotic cycle M phase = Phase characterized by cell preparation for cell division Signup and view all the answers

Match the following events with their respective phases in the cell cycle:

Initiation of DNA synthesis = S phase Synthesis of RNA and proteins necessary for DNA synthesis = G1 phase Examination of replicated DNA in preparation for cell division = G2 phase Mitosis = M phase Signup and view all the answers

Match the following descriptions with their respective phases in the cell cycle:

Involves continuous growth of the cell = G1 phase Doubling of the DNA and formation of new chromatids = S phase Cell growth and reorganization of cytoplasmic organelles before entering the mitotic cycle = G2 phase Characterized by cell preparation for cell division = M phase Signup and view all the answers

Match the following durations with their respective phases in the cell cycle:

About 7.5 to 10 hours = S phase Longest and most variable phase of the cell cycle = G1 phase Duration before entering the mitotic cycle = G2 phase Variable duration, typically about 24 hours in rapidly renewing human cells = Full cell cycle Signup and view all the answers