The Cardiovascular System Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

How many chambers does the heart have? Name them.

4 chambers: left atrium, right atrium, left ventricle, right ventricle.

Which side of the heart is the pump for the systemic circuit?

Left side.

Which side of the heart is the pump for the pulmonary circuit?

Right side.

Does the left atrium receive deoxygenated or oxygenated blood?

Oxygenated. Signup and view all the answers

Does the left ventricle discharge deoxygenated or oxygenated blood?

Oxygenated. Signup and view all the answers

Does the right atrium receive deoxygenated or oxygenated blood?

Deoxygenated. Signup and view all the answers

Does the right ventricle discharge deoxygenated or oxygenated blood?

Deoxygenated. Signup and view all the answers

What are the 3 major types of blood vessels?

Arteries, Capillaries, Veins. Signup and view all the answers

Describe arteries.

Carry blood away from the heart; carry oxygenated blood in systemic circulation and oxygen-poor blood in pulmonary; smallest is an arteriole. Signup and view all the answers

Describe capillaries.

Smallest blood vessels; thin walls; allow the exchange of materials between blood and body tissues. Signup and view all the answers

Describe veins.

Carry blood towards the heart; carry oxygen-poor blood in systemic circulation and oxygenated blood in pulmonary circulation; smallest is a venule. Signup and view all the answers

What are elastic or conducting arteries?

Largest diameter arteries; walls contain large amounts of elastic fibers; allow expansion and recoil; function as a pressure reserve. Signup and view all the answers

What are muscular or distributing arteries?

Medium-sized arteries; walls contain large amounts of smooth muscle; regulate blood flow to specific body regions. Signup and view all the answers

What are arterioles?

Small arteries. Signup and view all the answers

What are venules?

Formed when several capillaries unite. Signup and view all the answers

What drains capillary beds?

Venules. Signup and view all the answers

In which of these blood vessels are elastic fibers present in the largest amounts?

Conducting arteries Signup and view all the answers

Put the following vessels in the correct order for a red blood cell traveling from the heart to a capillary bed.

2, 3, 1 Signup and view all the answers

Which of these vessels are most likely to contain valves?

Veins in the limbs Signup and view all the answers

These vessels are where the exchange of materials between the blood and body tissues occurs. Which blood vessels are being described?

Capillaries Signup and view all the answers

Which two heart chambers contain oxygenated blood?

Left atrium and left ventricle Signup and view all the answers

Blood vessels carrying blood away from the heart are called?

Arteries Signup and view all the answers

The aorta is an example of a(n) __________ artery.

Elastic Signup and view all the answers

Put the following vessels in the correct order for a red blood cell passing through.

4, 5, 2, 1, 3 Signup and view all the answers

The transport medium for the cardiovascular system is __________.

Blood Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Heart Chambers

The heart has 4 chambers: left atrium, left ventricle, right atrium, and right ventricle.
The left side of the heart pumps blood for the systemic circuit, while the right side pumps blood for the pulmonary circuit.

Blood Flow and Oxygenation

The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs.
The left ventricle discharges oxygenated blood into the systemic circulation.
The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body.
The right ventricle discharges deoxygenated blood into the lungs for oxygenation.

Blood Vessel Types

Three major blood vessels: arteries, capillaries, and veins.
Arteries: Carry blood away from the heart; oxygenated in systemic circulation, deoxygenated in pulmonary circulation; smallest are arterioles.
Capillaries: The smallest blood vessels; have thin walls for nutrient and waste exchange between blood and tissues.
Veins: Carry blood towards the heart; oxygen-poor in systemic circulation, oxygenated in pulmonary circulation; smallest are venules.

Artery Types

Elastic (Conducting) Arteries: Largest diameter; contain elastic fibers that allow expansion and recoil; act as a pressure reserve.
Muscular (Distributing) Arteries: Medium-sized; contain smooth muscle for regulating blood flow; responsible for vasoconstriction and vasodilation.

Capillary Function

Connect arterioles to venules; function as exchange vessels for nutrients and waste products between blood and tissue cells.

Venous Structure

Venules: Formed by the union of several capillaries; collect deoxygenated blood.
Veins: Formed when several larger venules unite; often contain valves, especially in limbs.

Blood Vessel Order

Blood flows from conducting arteries to muscular arteries and then to arterioles before reaching capillary beds.
A red blood cell travels in the order: elastic arteries → muscular arteries → arterioles → capillaries for nutrient exchange.

Structural Features

Capillary beds are drained by venules.
Conducting arteries have the largest amounts of elastic fibers among blood vessels.
Blood vessels carrying blood away from the heart are classified as arteries; those carrying blood to the heart are called veins.

Heart Oxygenation

Oxygenated blood is exclusively found in the left atrium and left ventricle.

Aorta

The aorta is categorized as an elastic artery, exemplifying the vessel's ability to handle high-pressure blood flow.

Transport Medium

Blood functions as the primary transport medium in the cardiovascular system, circulating nutrients, oxygen, and waste products.

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Description

Test your knowledge of the cardiovascular system with this set of flashcards. Learn about the chambers of the heart, their functions, and the systemic and pulmonary circuits. Perfect for students seeking to reinforce their understanding of human anatomy.