Midterm Review Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which hormone is responsible for promoting the release of a mature egg from the ovaries?

  • ACTH
  • ADH
  • LH (correct)
  • Insulin
  • Which gland is responsible for releasing epinephrine and norepinephrine?

  • Thyroid gland
  • Pituitary gland
  • Adrenal gland (correct)
  • Pancreas
  • Which hormone is responsible for increasing blood pressure by reabsorbing water in the kidneys and constricting small arteries?

  • Melatonin
  • Glucagon
  • Insulin
  • ADH (correct)
  • Which gland is responsible for regulating metabolism?

    <p>Thyroid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of immunity is characterized by the presence of antibodies in the blood plasma?

    <p>Humoral immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of T cell directly attacks infected cells?

    <p>Killer T cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the superficial cubital lymph nodes located?

    <p>Just above the bend of the elbow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of lymph nodes?

    <p>Defence and hematopoiesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for increasing bone formation by osteoblasts and inhibiting bone breakdown by osteoclasts?

    <p>Calcitonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the target tissue of calcitonin?

    <p>Bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for increasing the reabsorption of calcium from urine back into the blood and increasing the absorption of calcium from food in the gastrointestinal tract?

    <p>Parathyroid hormone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of white blood cell is responsible for phagocytosis?

    <p>Neutrophils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of white blood cell transforms into a macrophage during diapedesis?

    <p>Monocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of thrombocytes (platelets)?

    <p>Reduce bleeding from injured vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most abundant protein found in the plasma?

    <p>Albumin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of the cardiac cycle do the atria contract and push blood out of the atria and into the ventricles?

    <p>Atrial systole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure in the heart is responsible for initiating the electrical signals that regulate the heartbeat?

    <p>Sinoatrial node</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outermost layer of the heart wall called?

    <p>Epicardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for calculating cardiac output?

    <p>Cardiac output = stroke volume x heart rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which wave on an ECG represents the depolarization of the atria (contraction)?

    <p>P wave</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of blood vessels contains endothelial tissue, collagen fibers, elastic fibers, and smooth muscle tissue (except capillaries)?

    <p>Tunica media</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which blood vessel carries venous blood from the abdominal viscera (digestive organs) to the liver for processing before reaching the inferior vena cava?

    <p>Hepatic portal vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of B cells in the immune system?

    <p>Produce antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of immunity is the initial response by the body to eliminate microbes and prevent infection?

    <p>Innate immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of T cell directly attacks infected cells?

    <p>Killer T cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of B cells in the immune system?

    <p>Producing antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of lymph nodes?

    <p>Mechanical filtration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for increasing blood pressure by reabsorbing water in the kidneys and constricting small arteries?

    <p>Antidiuretic hormone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells are responsible for phagocytosis in the innate immune system?

    <p>Neutrophils and basophils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of thrombocytes (platelets) in hemostasis?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of lymphocytes in the immune system?

    <p>Production of antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells are responsible for diapedesis and transform into macrophages?

    <p>Monocytes and dendritic cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most abundant protein found in the plasma?

    <p>Albumin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which event of the cardiac cycle is characterized by the closure of the SL valves and the opening of the AV valves?

    <p>Isovolumetric ventricular relaxation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of baroreceptors in the autonomic nervous system?

    <p>To regulate blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the heart wall is responsible for the actual contraction of the heart muscle?

    <p>Myocardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for calculating cardiac output?

    <p>Cardiac output = heart rate x stroke volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanical factor that affects stroke volume according to Starling's law of the heart?

    <p>End-diastolic volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for promoting the release of a mature egg from the ovaries?

    <p>Luteinizing hormone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gland is responsible for releasing epinephrine and norepinephrine?

    <p>Adrenal gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for increasing bone formation by osteoblasts and inhibiting bone breakdown by osteoclasts?

    <p>Calcitonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for increasing blood pressure by reabsorbing water in the kidneys and constricting small arteries?

    <p>Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for metabolism regulation?

    <p>Thyroid stimulating hormone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is responsible for increasing the strength of contraction of the myocardium, thus increasing stroke volume (SV)?

    <p>Norepinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which wave on an ECG represents the repolarization of the ventricles (relaxation)?

    <p>T wave</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which blood vessel layer is responsible for constricting or dilating vessels, thereby changing the resistance to blood flow?

    <p>Tunica media</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is responsible for filtering nutritious blood from the digestive system before distributing it to the rest of the body?

    <p>Hepatic portal vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors can affect peripheral resistance to blood flow?

    <p>Diameter of arterioles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for lowering blood calcium levels by putting calcium back into the bone?

    <p>Calcitonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main target site for calcitonin?

    <p>Bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for increasing blood calcium levels by dissolving calcium from the bone?

    <p>Parathyroid hormone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main target organs where parathyroid hormone exerts its effects?

    <p>Bones and kidneys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the formation of corpus luteum in the ovary and initiating ovulation?

    <p>Luteinizing hormone</p> Signup and view all the answers

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