The Byzantine Empire

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Questions and Answers

Which city became the capital of the Greek Eastern part of the Roman Empire?

  • Constantinople (correct)
  • Rome
  • Athens
  • Byzantium

What was the section in the west of the Roman Empire called?

  • Latin Western Empire (correct)
  • Greek Eastern Empire
  • Constantinople
  • Byzantine Empire

Why was Byzantium strategically located for trade and military purposes?

  • It controlled the sea route between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean
  • It was a valuable port
  • It was located on both sides of the Bosporus
  • All of the above (correct)

Who became a Christian and encouraged the spread of Christianity in Byzantium?

<p>Emperor Constantine the Great (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the official religion of the Byzantine Empire?

<p>Christianity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the word Byzantium refer to?

<p>Both the state and the culture of the Eastern Roman Empire (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When did the Roman Empire split in two?

<p>A.D. 284 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happened to the Latin Western Empire in 476?

<p>It was conquered by Germanic invaders (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the old Greek city of Byzantium renamed to?

<p>Constantinople (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Greek Eastern Empire become known as?

<p>Byzantine Empire (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which city served as the capital of the Byzantine Empire?

<p>Constantinople (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the religion founded by Muhammad in Arabia?

<p>Islam (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which empire conquered Egypt and Syria in the 7th century?

<p>Arab Empire (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of the church built in Constantinople between A.D. 532 and 537?

<p>Hagia Sophia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which empire captured Constantinople in 1453?

<p>Ottoman Empire (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Arabic name for God?

<p>Allah (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which empire was known for its art and architecture during this period?

<p>Byzantine Empire (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which empire extended from Spain to India by the eighth century?

<p>Muslim Empire (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of the new Muslim Empire established by the Ottomans?

<p>Ottoman Empire (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of the largest Christian church that was converted into a mosque by the Ottomans?

<p>Hagia Sophia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During his reign, Suleiman the Magnificent expanded the Ottoman Empire to include which of the following regions?

<p>Eastern Europe and Western Asia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about Suleiman the Magnificent?

<p>He encouraged the arts and sciences (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which year did Muhammad escape from Mecca to live in Medina?

<p>622 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which region did the Muslims conquer after defeating the Byzantines at Heliopolis in 640?

<p>Egypt (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who defeated the Muslims at the Battle of Tours in 732?

<p>Charles Martel (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which kingdom did the Moors establish in Spain?

<p>Moors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role did the Moors play in the future of Europe?

<p>They preserved Greek literature (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following did the Muslims value and expand on?

<p>The work of Ptolemy and Euclid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following terms originated from the Muslims?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the navigational instruments developed by the Muslims used for?

<p>Sailing beyond sight of land (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Constantinople

The capital of the Greek Eastern part of the Roman Empire.

Latin Western Empire

The western portion of the Roman Empire, using Latin.

Bosphorus Strait

A crucial waterway connecting the Black Sea and the Mediterranean.

Emperor Constantine

An emperor who embraced and promoted Christianity in Byzantium.

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Christianity

The state religion of the Byzantine Empire.

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Byzantium

Another name for the Greek Eastern Empire.

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476 AD

The year when the Latin Western Empire collapsed.

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Islam

The religion founded by Muhammad in Arabia.

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Allah

The Arabic name for God.

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Ottoman Empire

Captured Constantinople in 1453, ending the Byzantine Empire.

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1453

The year the Ottomans captured Constantinople.

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Hagia Sophia

The largest christian church, later converted into a mosque.

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Suleiman the Magnificent

Expanded the Ottoman Empire significantly and reformed its administration.

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622

The year Muhammad escaped from Mecca to Medina.

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Battle of Tours

Battle where Charles Martel stopped the Muslim advance into Europe.

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The Moors

Muslims who established a kingdom in Spain.

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Mathematics

A field in which Muslims preserved and expanded upon Greek knowledge.

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Astronomy

A field in which Muslims preserved and expanded upon Greek knowledge.

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Medicine

A field in which Muslims preserved and expanded upon Greek knowledge.

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Al-Khwarizmi

Muslim mathematician who gave rise to the term 'algorithm'.

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Astrolabe

Navigational tool perfected by Muslims for astronomy and navigation.

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Study Notes

Roman Empire and Byzantium

  • Constantinople became the capital of the Greek Eastern part of the Roman Empire.
  • The section in the west of the Roman Empire was called the Latin Western Empire.
  • Byzantium was strategically located for trade and military purposes due to its proximity to the Bosphorus Strait, connecting the Black Sea to the Mediterranean Sea.
  • Emperor Constantine became a Christian and encouraged the spread of Christianity in Byzantium.

Byzantine Empire

  • The official religion of the Byzantine Empire was Christianity.
  • The word Byzantium refers to the Greek Eastern Empire, also known as the Byzantine Empire.
  • The Roman Empire split in two in the 4th century.
  • The Latin Western Empire ceased to exist in 476.
  • The old Greek city of Byzantium was renamed Constantinople.
  • The capital of the Byzantine Empire was Constantinople.

Islam and the Ottoman Empire

  • Islam is the religion founded by Muhammad in Arabia.
  • The Arabs conquered Egypt and Syria in the 7th century.
  • The Church of Hagia Sophia was built in Constantinople between A.D. 532 and 537.
  • The Ottoman Empire captured Constantinople in 1453.
  • The Arabic name for God is Allah.
  • The Byzantine Empire was known for its art and architecture during this period.

Ottoman Empire Expansion

  • The Ottoman Empire extended from Spain to India by the eighth century.
  • The new Muslim Empire established by the Ottomans was called the Ottoman Empire.
  • The largest Christian church, Hagia Sophia, was converted into a mosque by the Ottomans.
  • Suleiman the Magnificent expanded the Ottoman Empire to include Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa during his reign.
  • Suleiman the Magnificent was known for his military conquests and administrative reforms.

Islamic Conquests

  • Muhammad escaped from Mecca to live in Medina in 622.
  • The Muslims conquered Egypt after defeating the Byzantines at Heliopolis in 640.
  • Charles Martel defeated the Muslims at the Battle of Tours in 732.
  • The Moors established a kingdom in Spain.
  • The Moors played a significant role in the future of Europe, introducing Islamic knowledge, art, and architecture.

Islamic Achievements

  • Muslims valued and expanded on Greek knowledge, particularly in mathematics, astronomy, and medicine.
  • The term "algorithm" originated from the Muslim mathematician Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi.
  • Muslims developed navigational instruments, including the astrolabe, which was used for navigation and astronomy.

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