The Boundaries of the Biological Species Concept
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a limitation of the biological species concept?

  • It emphasizes gene flow between distinct species
  • It cannot be applied to fossils or asexual organisms (correct)
  • It is a widely accepted concept in biology
  • It can only be applied to mammals

    • What does the biological species concept emphasize?

  • Physical characteristics
  • Mutation rates
  • Presence of gene flow
  • Absence of gene flow (correct)

    • Which of the following is an example of gene flow between distinct species?

  • Birds and fish mating to produce 'birdfish'
  • Humans and plants mating to produce 'humaplants'
  • Dogs and cats mating to produce 'dot'
  • Grizzly bears and polar bears mating to produce 'grolar bears' (correct)

    • Why can't the biological species concept be applied to fossils?

    <p>Fossils do not reproduce</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one limitation of the biological species concept?

    <p>It does not account for gene flow between distinct species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two species of bears can mate to produce 'grolar bears'?

    <p>Grizzly bears and polar bears</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of the biological species concept?

    <p>Gene flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a reason why gene flow between distinct species can occur?

    <p>Hybridization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of hybridization between two species of bears?

    <p>Grizzly bears and polar bears mating to produce 'grolar bears'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the biological species concept cannot be applied to?

    <p>Asexual organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which species concept defines a species by structural features and does not rely on information about gene flow?

    <p>Morphological species concept</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a disadvantage of the morphological species concept?

    <p>It relies on subjective criteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which species concept defines a species in terms of its ecological niche and emphasizes the role of disruptive selection?

    <p>Ecological species concept</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a disadvantage of the ecological species concept?

    <p>It does not consider structural features</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of speciation that occurs when populations are geographically isolated from each other?

    <p>Allopatric speciation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of speciation that occurs when populations are not geographically isolated?

    <p>Sympatric speciation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In allopatric speciation, gene flow is interrupted when a population is divided into geographically isolated __________.

    <p>Subpopulations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause separated gene pools to diverge in allopatric speciation?

    <p>Mutation, natural selection, and genetic drift</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may arise as a by-product of genetic divergence in allopatric speciation?

    <p>Reproductive isolation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of behavioral isolation evolving in allopatric speciation?

    <p>The mosquitofish from ponds with and without predators</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Biological Species Concept

    • Emphasizes reproductive isolation between species
    • Unable to be applied to fossils, as it requires observations of reproductive behaviors
    • Limited in that it cannot be applied to species that are extinct or have no living members

    Gene Flow and Hybridization

    • Gene flow between distinct species can occur when there is a lack of reproductive barriers
    • Example of hybridization: grizzly bears (Ursus arctos) and polar bears (Ursus maritimus) can mate to produce 'grolar bears'

    Species Concepts

    • Morphological species concept: defines a species by structural features and does not rely on information about gene flow
    • Disadvantage: may not accurately reflect evolutionary relationships
    • Ecological species concept: defines a species in terms of its ecological niche and emphasizes the role of disruptive selection
    • Disadvantage: may not be able to distinguish between closely related species

    Speciation

    • Allopatric speciation: occurs when populations are geographically isolated from each other
    • Process of speciation that occurs when a population is divided into geographically isolated groups, resulting in interrupted gene flow
    • Divergence of separated gene pools can be caused by genetic drift, mutation, and natural selection
    • May result in the formation of new species
    • Behavioral isolation can evolve as a by-product of genetic divergence in allopatric speciation

    Other Key Points

    • Sympatric speciation: occurs when populations are not geographically isolated from each other

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the limitations of the Biological Species Concept with this quiz. Explore why this concept cannot be applied to fossils or asexual organisms, and discover the instances where gene flow occurs between distinct species. Challenge yourself and expand your understanding of the boundaries of the Biological Species Concept.

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