30 Questions
What type of reproductive isolation prevents successful mating due to morphological differences?
Mechanical isolation
Which type of prezygotic barrier involves different breeding times for species, preventing them from mixing their gametes?
Temporal isolation
What is the term for the offspring of crosses between different species?
Hybrids
Which postzygotic barrier involves genes of different parent species interacting and impairing the hybrid's development or survival?
Reduced hybrid viability
Which reproductive barrier is characterized by two species not mating due to unique courtship rituals and behaviors?
Behavioral isolation
What is the term for the inability of hybrids to reproduce even if they are vigorous?
Reduced hybrid fertility
What can drive sympatric speciation in cichlid fish in Lake Victoria?
Sexual selection
What is an autopolyploid?
An individual with more than two chromosome sets derived from one species
What is an allopolyploid?
An individual with multiple sets of chromosomes derived from different species
What type of isolation restricts gene flow between populations in allopatric speciation?
Geographic isolation
What results from matings between autopolyploids and diploids?
Reduced fertility
What is a hybrid zone?
A region in which members of different species mate and produce hybrids
What happens when some first-generation hybrids mate with another species or parent species in terms of their offspring?
Offspring of the next generation are feeble or sterile
Which species concept cannot be applied to fossils or asexual organisms?
Biological species concept
Which species concept defines a species by structural features?
Morphological species concept
What does the ecological species concept emphasize about a species?
Its ecological niche
What is speciation?
The process by which one species splits into two or more species
How is a species defined under the phylogenetic species concept?
As the smallest group of individuals sharing a common ancestor
How does the biological species concept define a species?
As a group of populations whose members can interbreed and produce viable, fertile offspring
What is the relationship between microevolution and macroevolution?
Microevolution involves allele frequency changes within populations, while macroevolution considers evolutionary changes above the species level
In which type of speciation is gene flow interrupted due to geographic isolation of subpopulations?
Allopatric speciation
What does the gene flow contribute to in a species?
Maintains genetic diversity within populations
Why do numerous concepts of species exist?
Due to different goals like taxonomy, understanding group formation, and evolutionary history
What does the term 'species' mean in Latin?
Kind or appearance
What term is used to describe periods of stasis in the fossil record?
Punctuated equilibria
Which sunflower species originated from the hybridization of two other sunflower species?
Helianthus anomalus
In Japanese Euhadra snails, what is controlled by a single gene?
Shell spiral direction
What factor influences pollinator preference in monkey flowers (Mimulus)?
Flower color
How long can the interval between speciation events range, based on the text?
40 million years
What does macroevolution represent?
Cumulative effect of both speciation and extinction events
Learn about the breakdown of hybrids in terms of fertility and fitness, and the limitations of the biological species concept in fossils and asexual organisms. Discover how gene flow can occur between different species through examples like grizzly and polar bears producing grolar bears.
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