L1 MCQ The Antitoxins and Synthetic Drugs Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a source of drugs?

Plants

Microorganisms

Animals

Synthetic products of genetic engineering (correct)

Which classification of drugs is based on the chemical structure?

Beta lactam antibiotics (correct)

Pain

Central Nervous System

Cardiovascular

What was the first antibiotic discovered?

Digitalis

Penicillin (correct)

Insulin

Morphine

What is the official generic name for the drug with the chemical name methyl({3-phenyl-3-[4(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]propyl})amine?

Fluoxetine (hydrochloride) Signup and view all the answers

What is the molecular formula of Prozac?

C17H19ClF3NO Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the definition of pharmacology?

The study of the effect of drugs on the function of living systems Signup and view all the answers

What is the nature of drug interactions?

Competitive Signup and view all the answers

How are drug effects measured?

Dose response Signup and view all the answers

What are drug targets?

Proteins Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a drug?

A chemical substance of known structure, other than a nutrient or essential dietary ingredient, which, when administered to a living organism, produces a biological effect Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the law of mass action?

It explains how drugs form complexes with receptors Signup and view all the answers

What does Bmax represent in a drug-receptor occupancy curve?

The density of receptors at maximum binding Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a receptor superfamily?

Nuclear (intracellular receptors) Signup and view all the answers

What is the equilibrium constant (Kd) in the context of drug-receptor occupancy curves?

The concentration of drug required to occupy 50% of receptors Signup and view all the answers

What is the main target of drugs?

Receptors Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about receptors?

Receptors trigger a response in the cell Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of amitriptyline?

Inhibition of the neuronal reuptake of noradrenaline and serotonin Signup and view all the answers

What is the strength of the reversible interaction between a drug and its receptor called?

Affinity Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following affects drug-receptor binding?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the Law of Mass Action?

The rate at which drugs combine with their receptors depends on the concentration of drug and receptor Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Drug Sources and Classification

Drugs can come from various sources, including plants, minerals, animals, and synthetic processes.
Chemical structure classification categorizes drugs based on their molecular composition and arrangement.

Notable Discoveries and Drug Identifications

The first antibiotic discovered was penicillin, which revolutionized the treatment of bacterial infections.
The official generic name for the drug with the chemical name methyl({3-phenyl-3-[4(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]propyl})amine is not commonly recognized and requires further specific reference.
Prozac has a molecular formula of C17H18F3N, indicating its chemical composition.

Pharmacology Fundamentals

Pharmacology is defined as the study of drugs, their effects on biological systems, and their mechanisms of action.
Drug interactions can alter the effects when two or more drugs are taken simultaneously, potentially leading to enhanced effects or adverse reactions.

Measurement and Targets

Drug effects are measured using various methods including dose-response relationships, therapeutic indices, and clinical outcomes.
Drug targets are typically proteins, enzymes, or receptors in the body that interact with the drug, triggering physiological effects.

Drug Definitions and Principles

A drug is defined as any substance that causes a physiological change in the body when introduced.
The law of mass action describes the relationship between the concentrations of reactants and products in a reversible chemical reaction, influencing drug interactions.

Bmax and Equilibrium Constants

Bmax is the maximum binding capacity of a drug to its receptor in a drug-receptor occupancy curve, indicating the peak level of drug-receptor interaction.
The equilibrium constant (Kd) reflects the affinity of a drug for its receptor, with lower values indicating higher affinity.

Receptors and Interactions

The main target of drugs is typically cellular receptors, which mediate the drug's effects.
Receptors can induce various actions depending on their subtype and signaling pathways involved.
The strength of the reversible interaction between a drug and its receptor is often referred to as binding affinity.

Influences on Drug Binding

Factors affecting drug-receptor binding include the drug's concentration, receptor availability, and the presence of competing substances.
The Law of Mass Action is crucial for understanding the dynamics of drug binding and receptor activation in pharmacology.

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Test your knowledge on antitoxins and the discovery of synthetic drugs at the University of Galway. Explore the fascinating history of Domagk's discovery and the properties of sulphanilamide and sulphonamides.