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Questions and Answers
What primarily defines a staple fiber?
What primarily defines a staple fiber?
Which property determines the overall quality and utility of a fiber?
Which property determines the overall quality and utility of a fiber?
What is the minimum length to width ratio (L/W) required for processing fibers?
What is the minimum length to width ratio (L/W) required for processing fibers?
Which of the following describes filament fibers?
Which of the following describes filament fibers?
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What does fiber flexibility influence in textile manufacturing?
What does fiber flexibility influence in textile manufacturing?
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Which primary property affects how consumers select fibers?
Which primary property affects how consumers select fibers?
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Which property is least likely to be considered a primary property of fiber?
Which property is least likely to be considered a primary property of fiber?
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What range defines the typical length of staple fibers?
What range defines the typical length of staple fibers?
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What is the minimum ratio considered essential for processing fibers?
What is the minimum ratio considered essential for processing fibers?
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What is the typical unit for measuring tensile strength?
What is the typical unit for measuring tensile strength?
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Which fibers are usually shorter than 1.3 cm and seldom used in yarn manufacturing?
Which fibers are usually shorter than 1.3 cm and seldom used in yarn manufacturing?
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What characteristic describes fibers with good flexibility?
What characteristic describes fibers with good flexibility?
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Why is cohesion less important for filament fibers compared to staple fibers?
Why is cohesion less important for filament fibers compared to staple fibers?
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What are the units used to express linear density?
What are the units used to express linear density?
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What can be a result of using stiff, inflexible fibers?
What can be a result of using stiff, inflexible fibers?
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What is meant by 'tenacity' in the context of fibers?
What is meant by 'tenacity' in the context of fibers?
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Study Notes
Fiber Definition
- Fibers are the fundamental units of textiles.
- They are long, slender thread-like structures of cells.
- They are the smallest entities of textiles.
- They can be spun into yarn or made into fabric.
Staple Fiber
- Short fibers, measured in inches or centimeters.
- Lengths range from 2 to 46 cm.
- All natural fibers are available only in staple form.
- Can be natural or continuous fibers cut to a staple length.
Filament Fiber
- Long continuous fibrous structures.
- Lengths range from a few hundred meters (silk) to several kilometers (man-made fibers).
- Filament thickness is similar to that of fibers.
Fiber Classification
- Fibers are categorized as natural or man-made.
- Natural fibers are further divided into natural vegetable, natural animal, and natural mineral fibers.
- Man-made fibers are divided into regenerated man-made and synthetic man-made fibers, and other man-made fibers.
Primary Fiber Properties
- Length: Average length of the fiber, with a minimum of 5 mm. Determines the overall quality and utility of the fiber, 1.3 cm or less are seldom used in yarn manufacturing.
- Length to Width Ratio (L/W): A ratio of 1:100 is considered essential for processing. Most fibers have significantly higher ratios.
- Strength: Tensile strength, usually expressed as force per unit of linear density. (g/d or gf/mm²).
- Flexibility: Ability of the fiber to bend and fold without breaking. Cellulosic fibers generally have good flexibility; Stiff fibers are difficult to spin into yarn.
Secondary Fiber Properties
- Color
- Recovery: Ability of the fiber to return to its original shape after being stretched.
- Luster: The shine or sheen of the fiber.
- Thermal Properties: (thermal processing)
- Resiliency: Ability of the fiber to resist deformation under stress.
- Elongation: The percentage increase in length of a fiber under stress.
- Abrasion Resistance: Ability of the fiber to resist damage from rubbing.
- Moisture Absorption: Ability of the fiber to absorb moisture.
Fiber Cohesiveness
- Refers to the ability of fibers to stick together. Less important for filament fibers than staple fibers.
Fiber Uniformity
- Allows fibers to be processed more easily. Natural fibers are less uniform than manufactured fibers.
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Description
Explore the essential concepts of textile fibers, including definitions of staple and filament fibers, classification of natural and man-made types, and key properties that characterize them. This quiz will help you understand the building blocks of textiles and their applications.
