Tetanus Pathogenesis and Clinical Features
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Questions and Answers

What is a characteristic grimace of risus sardonicus in generalized tetanus?

  • Frowning face with clenched teeth and wrinkled forehead (correct)
  • Smiling face with an open mouth
  • Facial expression with drooping eyelids and a smile
  • Neutral face with an open mouth

What is a potential complication of generalized tetanus?

  • Respiratory failure and coma
  • Fracture of vertebral and long bones (correct)
  • Decreased heart rate and hypotension
  • Seizures and loss of consciousness

What is a characteristic of tetanospasms in generalized tetanus?

  • Regular, predictable, and long-lasting
  • Mild, brief, and symmetric
  • Severe, prolonged, and asymmetric
  • Intermittent, irregular, and unpredictable (correct)

What is a common mode of infection in neonatal tetanus?

<p>Through an unhealed umbilical stump (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic symptom of neonatal tetanus?

<p>Generalized weakness, poor sucking, and irritability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical duration of spasms in generalized tetanus?

<p>Several minutes to hours (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated number of deaths worldwide in 1998 due to Tetanus?

<p>Over 215,000 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a complication of Tetanus related to respiratory muscles?

<p>Laryngospasm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common secondary infection seen in Tetanus patients in hospitals?

<p>Hospital-acquired pneumonia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what type of climate is Tetanus most often found?

<p>Hot and damp climates (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which one of the following is a common complication of Tetanus in newborn infants with passive immunity?

<p>Generalized tetanus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is Tetanus primarily transmitted?

<p>Through contaminated wounds (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which tetanus toxin leads to muscle spasms?

<p>By blocking the release of inhibitor neurotransmitters (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical duration of spasms in generalized tetanus?

<p>3-4 weeks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correlation between the injury site and the incubation period?

<p>The further the injury site from the CNS, the longer the incubation period (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average time of symptom onset in neonatal tetanus?

<p>7 days after birth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of local tetanus?

<p>Fixed muscle rigidity confined to one area (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical progression of cephalic tetanus?

<p>It may precede the onset of generalized tetanus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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