PARA - WEEK 8.1 FINAL
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Questions and Answers

Which stage is formed through central vesiculation?

  • 3 proglottids
  • Pyriform scolex
  • Hydatid cyst (correct)
  • Short neck

    • Which species of Echinococcus can infect humans? ASK ALAN

  • Echinococcus oligarthus
  • Echinococcus multilocularis
  • Echinococcus vogeli
  • Echinococcus granulosus (correct)

    • What are the clinical manifestations of Echinococcus infection?

  • Asymptomatic for 8 years then symptoms manifest (correct)
  • Numerous protoscolices and daughter cyst
  • Toxicity and possible anaphylaxis
  • Pyriform scolex and short neck

    • Which animal is the definitive host for Echinococcus granulosus?

    <p>Sheep</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which parts of Echinococcus resembles those of other taeniid worms?

    <p>Uterus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How fast can the cysts of Echinococcus granulosus grow?

    <p>1 to 5 cm in diameter per year</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are Echinococcus infections acquired by humans?

    <p>Accidental ingestion of eggs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary host for Echinococcus multilocularis?

    <p>Foxes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common clinical manifestation of Echinococcus multilocularis infection?

    <p>Alveolar cyst</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of brain involvement in echinococcosis?

    <p>Increased intracranial pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common complication of echinococcal cysts?

    <p>Intrabiliary rupture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which imaging technique is NOT suitable for detecting echinococcal cysts?

    <p>Stool examination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the WHO classification type for a cyst with uniform anechoic content and visible cyst wall?

    <p>CE2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which serologic test is considered the gold standard for diagnosing human cystic echinococcosis?

    <p>Detection of IgG antibodies to hydatid cyst fluid-derived antigen B subunit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatment is considered the preferred option for echinococcosis with a large liver cyst or secondary infection?

    <p>Surgical resection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ is NOT commonly affected by echinococcosis?

    <p>Kidneys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main symptom of a ruptured primary cyst?

    <p>Anaphylaxis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which imaging technique is suitable for detecting echinococcal cysts in the liver?

    <p>Ultrasonography</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ is most commonly affected by Echinococcus granulosus in humans?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the length of the gravid proglottid of Echinococcus granulosus?

    <p>4-6 inches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the length of the gravid proglottid of Echinococcus multilocularis?

    <p>2-6 inches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic triad of findings when a hepatic cyst caused by Echinococcus granulosus ruptures into the biliary duct?

    <p>Intermittent jaundice, fever, and eosinophilia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a recognized species of Echinococcus?

    <p>E. vogeli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the size range of the adult worm of Echinococcus?

    <p>3 to 6 mm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many acetabula does the scolex of Echinococcus typically have?

    <p>4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following animals is NOT a suitable intermediate host for Echinococcus?

    <p>Camels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do the eggs of Echinococcus enter the intermediate host?

    <p>They are released inside the host</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common clinical manifestation of Echinococcus multilocularis infection?

    <p>Intermittent pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic triad of findings when a hepatic cyst caused by Echinococcus granulosus ruptures into the biliary duct?

    <p>Intermittent jaundice, fever, and eosinophilia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which imaging technique is suitable for detecting echinococcal cysts in the liver?

    <p>Ultrasound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatment is considered the preferred option for echinococcosis with a large (>10 cm in diameter) liver cyst or secondary infection?

    <p>Surgical resection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the WHO classification type for a cyst with uniform anechoic content and visible cyst wall?

    <p>Type CE1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which serologic test is considered the gold standard for diagnosing human cystic echinococcosis?

    <p>ELISA or immunoblot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common complication of echinococcal cysts?

    <p>Intrabiliary rupture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a possible mode of transmission for sparganosis?

    <p>Consuming infected flesh of wild pigs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the body are spargana most commonly found in?

    <p>Subcutaneous and muscular tissues of the thorax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main form of treatment for sparganosis?

    <p>Surgical removal of the larvae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where have cases of sparganosis been reported worldwide?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical appearance of spargana?

    <p>Opaque and glistening white</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a recommended strategy for the control and prevention of echinococcosis?

    <p>Intimate contact with dogs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common species of Spirometra involved in human sparganosis? EXCEPT

    <p>Spirometra tapeworm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of the uterus in the gravid proglottids of Spirometra sp.?

    <p>Spiral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do Spirometra eggs become embryonated?

    <p>In water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a correct statement about the life cycle of Spirometra spp.?

    <p>The procercoid larva infects Cyclops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a method for preventing infection with Cyclops?

    <p>Applying the flesh of frogs to inflamed areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a clinical manifestation of sparganosis in humans?

    <p>Orbital cysts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a reported case of sparganosis in the Philippines?

    <p>Garcia OP, Reyes Al. Sparganosis in Filipinos. With a review of reported cases in the Philippines. J Philipp Med Assoc. 1962;38(8):608–11.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a method for preventing echinococcal cysts?

    <p>Cooking intermediate and paratenic hosts thoroughly</p> Signup and view all the answers

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