48 Questions
Which stage is formed through central vesiculation?
Hydatid cyst
Which species of Echinococcus can infect humans? ASK ALAN
Echinococcus granulosus
What are the clinical manifestations of Echinococcus infection?
Asymptomatic for 8 years then symptoms manifest
Which animal is the definitive host for Echinococcus granulosus?
Sheep
Which parts of Echinococcus resembles those of other taeniid worms?
Uterus
How fast can the cysts of Echinococcus granulosus grow?
1 to 5 cm in diameter per year
How are Echinococcus infections acquired by humans?
Accidental ingestion of eggs
What is the primary host for Echinococcus multilocularis?
Foxes
What is the most common clinical manifestation of Echinococcus multilocularis infection?
Alveolar cyst
Which of the following is a symptom of brain involvement in echinococcosis?
Increased intracranial pressure
What is the most common complication of echinococcal cysts?
Intrabiliary rupture
Which imaging technique is NOT suitable for detecting echinococcal cysts?
Stool examination
What is the WHO classification type for a cyst with uniform anechoic content and visible cyst wall?
CE2
Which serologic test is considered the gold standard for diagnosing human cystic echinococcosis?
Detection of IgG antibodies to hydatid cyst fluid-derived antigen B subunit
Which treatment is considered the preferred option for echinococcosis with a large liver cyst or secondary infection?
Surgical resection
Which organ is NOT commonly affected by echinococcosis?
Kidneys
What is the main symptom of a ruptured primary cyst?
Anaphylaxis
Which imaging technique is suitable for detecting echinococcal cysts in the liver?
Ultrasonography
Which organ is most commonly affected by Echinococcus granulosus in humans?
Liver
What is the length of the gravid proglottid of Echinococcus granulosus?
4-6 inches
What is the length of the gravid proglottid of Echinococcus multilocularis?
2-6 inches
What is the characteristic triad of findings when a hepatic cyst caused by Echinococcus granulosus ruptures into the biliary duct?
Intermittent jaundice, fever, and eosinophilia
Which of the following is NOT a recognized species of Echinococcus?
E. vogeli
What is the size range of the adult worm of Echinococcus?
3 to 6 mm
How many acetabula does the scolex of Echinococcus typically have?
4
Which of the following animals is NOT a suitable intermediate host for Echinococcus?
Camels
How do the eggs of Echinococcus enter the intermediate host?
They are released inside the host
What is the most common clinical manifestation of Echinococcus multilocularis infection?
Intermittent pain
What is the characteristic triad of findings when a hepatic cyst caused by Echinococcus granulosus ruptures into the biliary duct?
Intermittent jaundice, fever, and eosinophilia
Which imaging technique is suitable for detecting echinococcal cysts in the liver?
Ultrasound
Which treatment is considered the preferred option for echinococcosis with a large (>10 cm in diameter) liver cyst or secondary infection?
Surgical resection
What is the WHO classification type for a cyst with uniform anechoic content and visible cyst wall?
Type CE1
Which serologic test is considered the gold standard for diagnosing human cystic echinococcosis?
ELISA or immunoblot
What is the most common complication of echinococcal cysts?
Intrabiliary rupture
Which of the following is NOT a possible mode of transmission for sparganosis?
Consuming infected flesh of wild pigs
Which part of the body are spargana most commonly found in?
Subcutaneous and muscular tissues of the thorax
What is the main form of treatment for sparganosis?
Surgical removal of the larvae
Where have cases of sparganosis been reported worldwide?
All of the above
What is the typical appearance of spargana?
Opaque and glistening white
Which of the following is NOT a recommended strategy for the control and prevention of echinococcosis?
Intimate contact with dogs
Which of the following is a common species of Spirometra involved in human sparganosis? EXCEPT
Spirometra tapeworm
What is the shape of the uterus in the gravid proglottids of Spirometra sp.?
Spiral
How do Spirometra eggs become embryonated?
In water
Which of the following is a correct statement about the life cycle of Spirometra spp.?
The procercoid larva infects Cyclops
Which of the following is NOT a method for preventing infection with Cyclops?
Applying the flesh of frogs to inflamed areas
Which of the following is a clinical manifestation of sparganosis in humans?
Orbital cysts
Which of the following is a reported case of sparganosis in the Philippines?
Garcia OP, Reyes Al. Sparganosis in Filipinos. With a review of reported cases in the Philippines. J Philipp Med Assoc. 1962;38(8):608–11.
Which of the following is a method for preventing echinococcal cysts?
Cooking intermediate and paratenic hosts thoroughly
Quiz on Echinococcus and Spirometra: Test your knowledge on the classification and zoonotic nature of Echinococcus and Spirometra spp. This quiz will cover important topics such as Echinococcus granulosus, zoonotic infections, and the order Cyclophyllidea. Prepare for your midterms with this comprehensive outline review.
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