Test Your Knowledge of Antibacterial Drugs and Their Mechanisms of Action! 14.3
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Questions and Answers

What is the mechanism of action of Rifamycin (Rifampin)?

  • Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis
  • Inhibits bacterial RNA polymerase activity (correct)
  • Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis
  • Inhibits bacterial DNA replication

    • What is the mechanism of action of Fluoroquinolones?

  • Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis
  • Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis
  • Inhibits bacterial DNA replication (correct)
  • Inhibits bacterial RNA polymerase activity

    • What is the mechanism of action of Sulfonamides?

  • Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis
  • Inhibits bacterial DNA replication
  • Inhibits bacterial RNA polymerase activity
  • Blocks bacterial biosynthesis of folic acid (correct)

    • What is the mechanism of action of Trimethoprim?

    <p>Antimetabolite within the same folic acid synthesis pathway as sulfonamides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Isoniazid?

    <p>Antimetabolite with specific toxicity for mycobacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Bedaquiline?

    <p>Interferes with the function of ATP synthases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the class of compounds to which Bedaquiline belongs?

    <p>Diarylquinolines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main use of Sulfones (Dapsone)?

    <p>Treatment of Hansen’s disease (leprosy)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main use of the combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole?

    <p>Treatment of urinary tract infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of using Rifamycin and Isoniazid together in the treatment of tuberculosis?

    <p>Antibacterial synergy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of using Trimethoprim and Sulfamethoxazole together in the treatment of urinary tract infections?

    <p>Antibacterial synergy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for reserving the use of Bedaquiline for serious, otherwise untreatable cases of tuberculosis?

    <p>Hepatotoxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Rifamycin (Rifampin)?

    <p>Inhibits bacterial RNA polymerase activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Fluoroquinolones?

    <p>Inhibits bacterial DNA replication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Sulfonamides?

    <p>Blocks bacterial biosynthesis of folic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Trimethoprim?

    <p>Antimetabolite within the same folic acid synthesis pathway as sulfonamides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Isoniazid?

    <p>Antimetabolite with specific toxicity for mycobacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Bedaquiline?

    <p>Interferes with the function of ATP synthases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the class of compounds to which Bedaquiline belongs?

    <p>Diarylquinolines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main use of Sulfones (Dapsone)?

    <p>Treatment of Hansen’s disease (leprosy)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main use of the combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole?

    <p>Treatment of urinary tract infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of using Rifamycin and Isoniazid together in the treatment of tuberculosis?

    <p>Antibacterial synergy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of using Trimethoprim and Sulfamethoxazole together in the treatment of urinary tract infections?

    <p>Antibacterial synergy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for reserving the use of Bedaquiline for serious, otherwise untreatable cases of tuberculosis?

    <p>Hepatotoxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Rifamycin (Rifampin)?

    <p>Inhibits bacterial RNA polymerase activity and blocks transcription</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Fluoroquinolones?

    <p>Inhibits bacterial DNA replication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Sulfonamides?

    <p>Blocks bacterial biosynthesis of folic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Trimethoprim?

    <p>Blocks bacterial biosynthesis of folic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Isoniazid?

    <p>Inhibits mycobacterial growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Bedaquiline?

    <p>Inhibits mycobacterial growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Sulfones?

    <p>Blocks bacterial biosynthesis of folic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of combining Trimethoprim and Sulfamethoxazole?

    <p>Decreases folic acid synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the class of compounds to which Bedaquiline belongs?

    <p>Diarylquinolines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the potential side effects of Bedaquiline?

    <p>Hepatotoxicity and potentially lethal heart arrhythmia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the spectrum of activity of Sulfonamides?

    <p>Wide spectrum of gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the clinical use of the combination of Trimethoprim and Sulfamethoxazole?

    <p>Treatment of urinary tract infections, ear infections, and bronchitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about Rifamycin (Rifampin)?

    <p>It inhibits bacterial RNA polymerase activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Fluoroquinolones?

    <p>Inhibits the activity of DNA gyrase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about Sulfonamides?

    <p>They are structural analogues of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of using Sulfonamides on bacterial growth?

    <p>It provides bacteriostatic inhibition of growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Trimethoprim?

    <p>Inhibits the production of tetrahydrofolic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of using Trimethoprim and Sulfonamides together in the treatment of bacterial infections?

    <p>It inhibits the production of tetrahydrofolic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the specific toxicity of Isoniazid?

    <p>It has specific toxicity for mycobacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Bedaquiline?

    <p>Interferes with the function of ATP synthases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main use of Sulfones (Dapsone)?

    <p>Treatment of Hansen’s disease (leprosy)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main use of the combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole?

    <p>Treatment of urinary tract infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of using Rifamycin and Isoniazid together in the treatment of tuberculosis?

    <p>It kills the bacterial cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the use of Bedaquiline reserved for serious, otherwise untreatable cases of tuberculosis?

    <p>It has potential side effects including hepatotoxicity and potentially lethal heart arrhythmia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs is a structural analogue of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA)?

    <p>Sulfonamides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug serves as an antimetabolite within the same folic acid synthesis pathway as sulfonamides?

    <p>Trimethoprim</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug uses a novel mode of action that specifically inhibits mycobacterial growth by interfering with ATP synthases?

    <p>Bedaquiline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is not commonly used today except for the treatment of Hansen’s disease (leprosy)?

    <p>Dapsone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug inhibits bacterial RNA polymerase activity and blocks transcription, killing the cell?

    <p>Rifamycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug inhibits the activity of DNA gyrase and blocks DNA replication, killing the cell?

    <p>Fluoroquinolones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is an antimetabolite with specific toxicity for mycobacteria and is used in combination with rifampin or streptomycin in the treatment of tuberculosis?

    <p>Isoniazid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug inhibits the enzyme involved in the production of tetrahydrofolic acid and is used in combination with trimethoprim to treat urinary tract infections, ear infections, and bronchitis?

    <p>Sulfonamides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug inhibits bacterial biosynthesis of folic acid and, subsequently, pyrimidines and purines required for nucleic acid synthesis, providing bacteriostatic inhibition of growth against a wide spectrum of gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens?

    <p>Sulfonamides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is a synthetic antimicrobial compound that serves as an antimetabolite within the same folic acid synthesis pathway as sulfonamides and, when used in combination with sulfonamides, provides an example of antibacterial synergy?

    <p>Trimethoprim</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug, representing the synthetic antibacterial class of compounds called the diarylquinolines, uses a novel mode of action that specifically inhibits mycobacterial growth by interfering with ATP synthases, perhaps by interfering with the use of the hydrogen ion gradient for ATP synthesis by oxidative phosphorylation, leading to reduced ATP production?

    <p>Bedaquiline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug should be carefully considered during early pregnancy due to the importance of folic acid during fetal development, but is used to treat urinary tract infections, ear infections, and bronchitis when not contraindicated?

    <p>Sulfonamides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Rifamycin (Rifampin)?

    <p>Inhibits bacterial RNA polymerase activity and blocks transcription</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Fluoroquinolones?

    <p>Inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Sulfonamides?

    <p>Blocks bacterial biosynthesis of folic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main use of Sulfones (Dapsone)?

    <p>Treatment of Hansen’s disease (leprosy)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the class of compounds to which Bedaquiline belongs?

    <p>Diarylquinolines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of using Rifamycin and Isoniazid together in the treatment of tuberculosis?

    <p>Inhibition of bacterial RNA polymerase activity and blocks transcription</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of using Trimethoprim and Sulfamethoxazole together in the treatment of urinary tract infections?

    <p>Inhibition of bacterial folic acid synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for reserving the use of Bedaquiline for serious, otherwise untreatable cases of tuberculosis?

    <p>Hepatotoxicity and potentially lethal heart arrhythmia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between Sulfonamides and Trimethoprim?

    <p>Sulfonamides block bacterial biosynthesis of folic acid, while Trimethoprim serves as an antimetabolite within the same folic acid synthesis pathway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main use of Rifamycin (Rifampin)?

    <p>Treatment of tuberculosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main use of Fluoroquinolones?

    <p>Treatment of urinary tract infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between Sulfones and Sulfonamides?

    <p>Sulfones block bacterial biosynthesis of folic acid, while Sulfonamides inhibit the enzyme involved in the production of tetrahydrofolic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mode of action of Bedaquiline?

    <p>Interference with ATP synthases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Rifamycin (Rifampin)?

    <p>Inhibits bacterial RNA polymerase activity and blocks transcription</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Fluoroquinolones?

    <p>Inhibits bacterial DNA replication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Sulfonamides?

    <p>Blocks bacterial biosynthesis of folic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Trimethoprim?

    <p>Serves as an antimetabolite within the same folic acid synthesis pathway as sulfonamides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Isoniazid?

    <p>Antimetabolite with specific toxicity for mycobacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Bedaquiline?

    <p>Interferes with the function of ATP synthases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main use of Sulfones (Dapsone)?

    <p>Treatment of Hansen’s disease (leprosy)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main use of the combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole?

    <p>Treatment of urinary tract infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of using Rifamycin and Isoniazid together in the treatment of tuberculosis?

    <p>Synergistic effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of using Trimethoprim and Sulfamethoxazole together in the treatment of urinary tract infections?

    <p>Synergistic effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for reserving the use of Bedaquiline for serious, otherwise untreatable cases of tuberculosis?

    <p>Potential side effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the class of compounds to which Bedaquiline belongs?

    <p>Diarylquinolines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Rifamycin (Rifampin)?

    <p>Inhibits bacterial RNA polymerase activity and blocks transcription</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Fluoroquinolones?

    <p>Inhibits bacterial DNA replication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Sulfonamides?

    <p>Blocks bacterial biosynthesis of folic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Trimethoprim?

    <p>Serves as an antimetabolite within the folic acid synthesis pathway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of using Rifamycin and Isoniazid together in the treatment of tuberculosis?

    <p>Bactericidal killing of the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of using Trimethoprim and Sulfamethoxazole together in the treatment of urinary tract infections?

    <p>Bacteriostatic inhibition of growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main use of Sulfones (Dapsone)?

    <p>Treatment of Hansen's disease (leprosy)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the class of compounds to which Bedaquiline belongs?

    <p>Diarylquinolines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for reserving the use of Bedaquiline for serious, otherwise untreatable cases of tuberculosis?

    <p>Hepatotoxicity and potentially lethal heart arrhythmia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the target of Bedaquiline's mechanism of action?

    <p>ATP synthases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between the mechanisms of action of Rifamycin and Fluoroquinolones?

    <p>Target different metabolic pathways</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between the mechanisms of action of Sulfonamides and Sulfones?

    <p>Target different metabolic pathways</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Rifamycin (Rifampin)?

    <p>Inhibits bacterial RNA polymerase activity and blocks transcription</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Fluoroquinolones?

    <p>Inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase activity and blocks DNA replication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Sulfonamides?

    <p>Blocks bacterial biosynthesis of folic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Trimethoprim?

    <p>Blocks bacterial biosynthesis of folic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Isoniazid?

    <p>Inhibits mycobacterial growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Bedaquiline?

    <p>Inhibits mycobacterial growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the class of compounds to which Bedaquiline belongs?

    <p>Diarylquinolines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main use of Sulfones (Dapsone)?

    <p>Treatment of Hansen’s disease (leprosy)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main use of the combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole?

    <p>Treatment of urinary tract infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of using Rifamycin and Isoniazid together in the treatment of tuberculosis?

    <p>Bactericidal inhibition of growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of using Trimethoprim and Sulfamethoxazole together in the treatment of urinary tract infections?

    <p>Bacteriostatic inhibition of growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for reserving the use of Bedaquiline for serious, otherwise untreatable cases of tuberculosis?

    <p>It has significant side effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Rifamycin (Rifampin)?

    <p>Inhibits bacterial RNA polymerase activity and blocks transcription</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Fluoroquinolones?

    <p>Inhibits bacterial DNA replication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Sulfonamides?

    <p>Blocks bacterial biosynthesis of folic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Trimethoprim?

    <p>Inhibits bacterial biosynthesis of folic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Isoniazid?

    <p>Inhibits mycobacterial growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Bedaquiline?

    <p>Interferes with ATP synthases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main use of Sulfones (Dapsone)?

    <p>Treatment of Hansen’s disease (leprosy)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main use of the combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole?

    <p>Treatment of urinary tract infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of using Rifamycin and Isoniazid together in the treatment of tuberculosis?

    <p>Synergistic effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of using Trimethoprim and Sulfamethoxazole together in the treatment of urinary tract infections?

    <p>Synergistic effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for reserving the use of Bedaquiline for serious, otherwise untreatable cases of tuberculosis?

    <p>Potential side effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the class of compounds to which Bedaquiline belongs?

    <p>Diarylquinolines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Rifamycin (Rifampin)?

    <p>Inhibits bacterial RNA polymerase activity and blocks transcription</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Fluoroquinolones?

    <p>Inhibits bacterial DNA replication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Sulfonamides?

    <p>Blocks bacterial biosynthesis of folic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Trimethoprim?

    <p>Blocks bacterial biosynthesis of folic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Isoniazid?

    <p>Inhibits bacterial RNA polymerase activity and blocks transcription</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Bedaquiline?

    <p>Interferes with the function of ATP synthases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main use of Sulfones (Dapsone)?

    <p>Treatment of Hansen’s disease (leprosy)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of using Rifamycin and Isoniazid together in the treatment of tuberculosis?

    <p>Decreased folic acid synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of using Trimethoprim and Sulfamethoxazole together in the treatment of urinary tract infections?

    <p>Decreased folic acid synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for reserving the use of Bedaquiline for serious, otherwise untreatable cases of tuberculosis?

    <p>Side effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a structural analogue of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA)?

    <p>Sulfonamides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of compounds does Bedaquiline belong to?

    <p>Diarylquinolines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main mechanism of action of Rifamycin (Rifampin)?

    <p>Inhibits bacterial RNA polymerase activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main mechanism of action of Fluoroquinolones?

    <p>Inhibits bacterial DNA replication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main mechanism of action of Sulfonamides?

    <p>Blocks bacterial biosynthesis of folic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main mechanism of action of Trimethoprim?

    <p>Inhibits bacterial folic acid synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of combining Trimethoprim and Sulfonamides?

    <p>Bacteriostatic inhibition of bacterial growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main mechanism of action of Isoniazid?

    <p>Inhibits mycobacterial growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main use of Bedaquiline?

    <p>Treatment of tuberculosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main mechanism of action of Bedaquiline?

    <p>Interferes with ATP synthases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main use of Sulfones (Dapsone)?

    <p>Treatment of Hansen's disease (leprosy)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main use of the combination of Trimethoprim and Sulfamethoxazole?

    <p>Treatment of urinary tract infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main side effect of Bedaquiline?

    <p>Cardiotoxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for reserving the use of Bedaquiline for serious, otherwise untreatable cases of tuberculosis?

    <p>Bedaquiline is a last resort treatment option</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of sulfonamides?

    <p>They block bacterial biosynthesis of folic acid and subsequently pyrimidines and purines required for nucleic acid synthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of trimethoprim?

    <p>It serves as an antimetabolite within the same folic acid synthesis pathway as sulfonamides.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of rifamycin (Rifampin)?

    <p>It inhibits bacterial RNA polymerase activity and blocks transcription.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of fluoroquinolones?

    <p>They inhibit the activity of DNA gyrase and blocks DNA replication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main use of bedaquiline?

    <p>To treat tuberculosis in combination with rifampin or streptomycin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the specific toxicity of isoniazid?

    <p>It has specific toxicity for mycobacteria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of sulfones (Dapsone)?

    <p>They inhibit the enzyme involved in the production of tetrahydrofolic acid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of using trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole together in the treatment of urinary tract infections?

    <p>They block bacterial biosynthesis of folic acid and subsequently pyrimidines and purines required for nucleic acid synthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the class of compounds to which bedaquiline belongs?

    <p>Diarylquinolines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of using rifamycin and isoniazid together in the treatment of tuberculosis?

    <p>They decrease folic acid synthesis to a level that is lethal to the bacterial cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main side effect of bedaquiline?

    <p>Lethal heart arrhythmia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main use of sulfonamides?

    <p>To treat Hansen's disease (leprosy).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs inhibits bacterial RNA polymerase activity and blocks transcription, killing the cell?

    <p>Rifamycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs inhibits the activity of DNA gyrase and blocks DNA replication, killing the cell?

    <p>Fluoroquinolones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Sulfonamides?

    <p>Inhibition of folic acid synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Trimethoprim?

    <p>Inhibition of folic acid synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs uses a novel mode of action that specifically inhibits mycobacterial growth by interfering with the function of ATP synthases?

    <p>Bedaquiline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main use of Sulfones (Dapsone)?

    <p>Treatment of Hansen’s disease (leprosy)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of using Rifamycin and Isoniazid together in the treatment of tuberculosis?

    <p>Antibacterial synergy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of using Trimethoprim and Sulfamethoxazole together in the treatment of urinary tract infections?

    <p>Antibacterial synergy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the class of compounds to which Bedaquiline belongs?

    <p>Diarylquinolines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for reserving the use of Bedaquiline for serious, otherwise untreatable cases of tuberculosis?

    <p>Side effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs inhibits the enzyme involved in the production of tetrahydrofolic acid?

    <p>Sulfones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be carefully considered during early pregnancy when using the combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole?

    <p>Increased risk of teratogenic effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Rifamycin (Rifampin)?

    <p>It inhibits bacterial RNA polymerase activity and blocks transcription, killing the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Fluoroquinolones?

    <p>They inhibit bacterial DNA gyrase activity and blocks DNA replication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Sulfonamides?

    <p>They block bacterial biosynthesis of folic acid and, subsequently, pyrimidines and purines required for nucleic acid synthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Trimethoprim?

    <p>It inhibits the enzyme involved in the production of tetrahydrofolic acid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of using Rifamycin and Isoniazid together in the treatment of tuberculosis?

    <p>They provide an example of antibacterial synergy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of using Trimethoprim and Sulfamethoxazole together in the treatment of urinary tract infections?

    <p>They provide an example of antibacterial synergy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the class of compounds to which Bedaquiline belongs?

    <p>Diarylquinolines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main use of Sulfones (Dapsone)?

    <p>To treat Hansen’s disease (leprosy)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for reserving the use of Bedaquiline for serious, otherwise untreatable cases of tuberculosis?

    <p>It causes hepatotoxicity and potentially lethal heart arrhythmia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of using Sulfonamides and Trimethoprim together in the treatment of bacterial infections?

    <p>They provide an example of antibacterial synergy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main use of the combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole?

    <p>To treat urinary tract infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Bedaquiline?

    <p>It specifically inhibits mycobacterial growth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Rifamycin (Rifampin)?

    <p>Inhibits bacterial RNA polymerase activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Fluoroquinolones?

    <p>Inhibits bacterial DNA replication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Sulfonamides?

    <p>Blocks bacterial biosynthesis of folic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Trimethoprim?

    <p>Serves as an antimetabolite within the same folic acid synthesis pathway as sulfonamides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Isoniazid?

    <p>Antimetabolite with specific toxicity for mycobacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Bedaquiline?

    <p>Inhibits ATP synthases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main use of Sulfones (Dapsone)?

    <p>Treatment of Hansen’s disease (leprosy)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main use of the combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole?

    <p>Treatment of urinary tract infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of using Rifamycin and Isoniazid together in the treatment of tuberculosis?

    <p>Synergy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of using Trimethoprim and Sulfamethoxazole together in the treatment of urinary tract infections?

    <p>Synergy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the use of Bedaquiline reserved for serious, otherwise untreatable cases of tuberculosis?

    <p>It has many side effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the class of compounds to which Bedaquiline belongs?

    <p>Diarylquinolines</p> Signup and view all the answers

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