Tendon Mechanics and Injuries Quiz

<p>Yield stage. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inadequate recovery from low intensity repetitive stimuli. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transmit loads from muscle to bone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Type I collagen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Synthesizing the extracellular matrix (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Peritenon (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vater-Paccini’s corpuscles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Through anabolic or catabolic changes in the extracellular matrix (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Golgi tendon organs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reduce friction with the environment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deep and fatiguing pain exacerbated by joint movement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Surgical approach such as ligamentoplasty (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Therapeutic exercises should be supervised and gradually intensified (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The laxity of the ligaments (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nerve injury leading to rupture or impingement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Joint reinforcement and stability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Contains fibroblasts and elastin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fibroblasts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ligaments exhibit less organized fibers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ruffini's endings (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Collagen molecules (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>75% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Low cell count present (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Non-inflammatory proliferative response (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stage 4 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pain in the lateral side of the knee (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Short-term adaptation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Isotonic and heavy slow resistance exercises (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>14 weeks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Subacromial impingement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Control symptoms and prepare the neuromuscular system (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Progressive resistance training (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sudden, severe pain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Balance training (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deformity to the retraction of the fibers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Functional treatment with gradual loading (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Patellar tendon rupture (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Proprioceptive training (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Achilles tendon integrity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Surgical approach with dynamic orthosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Patient's pharmacological treatment history (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Tendon is a strong, fibrous tissue that connects muscles to bones, transmitting forces and providing joint position information.

Type I collagen fibers make up the majority of a tendon, forming strong bundles.

Tenocytes, the most abundant cells, maintain tendon health by producing extracellular matrix and responding to mechanical stress.

The endotenon surrounds individual fascicles, providing a protective layer, while the epitenon covers the entire tendon.

Ruffini’s corpuscles detect stretching of the tendon, while Vater-Paccini’s corpuscles are sensitive to vibrations and rapid changes in pressure.

Golgi tendon organs sense strain changes in a tendon and protect against excessive force.

Neuromuscular spindles provide information about joint position and movement to the brain.

Nociceptors in tendons detect potential tissue damage, sending pain signals to the brain.

The load applied to a tissue, causing stress on its structure.

The deformation or change in shape a tissue undergoes when loaded. It's the tissue's response to stress.

The toe region of the stress-strain curve represents the initial straightening of the crimp within the tissue structure under minor load. It's a non-linear response.

The linear region of the stress-strain curve shows a proportional relationship between stress and strain. The tissue stretches linearly with increasing load.

The yield point on the stress-strain curve is the point where the tissue experiences irreversible deformation. Exceeding this point causes permanent damage.

A fibrous connective tissue that connects bones, providing joint stability, guidance, and proprioceptive information.

Ligaments are made up of collagen and elastic fibers, ground substance, fibroblasts, and other cells.

Ligaments are less vascularized than other connective tissues and have fewer cells.

Fibroblasts, the primary cells in ligaments, produce collagen and other matrix components.

The hierarchical organization of ligaments involves collagen molecules forming fibrils, fibers, and fascicles, encased by a thin membrane called the epiligament.

Ruffini endings, Paccini corpuscles, and Golgi receptors are mechanoreceptors that provide information about joint position, movement, and strain.

Nociceptors are free nerve endings that sense potential tissue damage, triggering pain signals.

The epiligament is a thin membrane surrounding ligaments. In intra-articular ligaments, it is enveloped by a synovial membrane.

A non-inflammatory response where the tendon thickens due to increased collagen production as a short-term adaptation to stress.

An attempt of the tendon to heal, but ends up with increased matrix breakdown, more cells, and damage to collagen fibers.

The most severe stage, where the tendon undergoes irreversible changes, characterized by widespread collagen disruption, cell death, and extensive new vessels and nerves.

Occurs when the rotator cuff muscles and bursa are squeezed in the space under the shoulder bone, causing pain and difficulty raising the arm.

A condition caused by friction between the iliotibial band and the outer part of the knee.

Characterized by microscopic tears in the tendons that extend the wrist, leading to pain on the outside of the elbow.

Inflammation or irritation of the tendon that connects the kneecap to the shinbone, causing pain in the front of the knee.

A structured exercise program that focuses on improving tendon health over 14 weeks.

A complete and stable separation of two joint surfaces, usually caused by overstretched or torn ligaments.

A state of instability in a joint, often resulting from ligament damage. The joint may feel loose or prone to giving way.

A therapeutic exercise program designed to restore strength, stability, and function to a joint following an injury. It typically spans 12 weeks and progresses from basic exercises to more complex movements.

A surgical procedure to repair damaged ligaments or joint capsules. It involves attaching the capsule or ligaments back to the bone using anchors.

Exercises that focus on strengthening the muscles surrounding a joint to improve stability and reduce the risk of further injury.

A gradual increase in resistance exercises to strengthen muscles and tendons, particularly important for athletes who are prone to tendon injuries. Example: jump training for basketball players.

Sudden, intense movements that place a high load on tendons. Examples: powerful jumps, heavy lifting. Avoid these in individuals who are not accustomed to such activities.

Exercises that strengthen tendons through controlled lengthening and shortening movements. These help improve tendon resilience and reduce injury risk. Example: slowly lowering yourself during a squat.

Exercises that improve balance, coordination, and stability. Important for preventing tendon injuries related to poor control during sports activities.

A state of a tendon where there is pain but no complete tear, often characterized by stiffness, decreased movement and a gradual loss of strength. This can be caused by overuse and repetitive activities.

A complete tear of a tendon, resulting in immediate and intense pain, inability to use the affected joint, and visible deformation.

A partial tear of a tendon, involving a less severe and sudden onset of pain, a gradual decrease in strength, and sometimes bruising at the injury site.

Any movement or activity that alters the normal alignment of joints and forces on tendons. Examples: overuse, incorrect form during sports, structural imbalances.

The tendon that connects the calf muscles (gastrocnemius and soleus) to the heel bone. This tendon is vulnerable to rupture due to powerful pushing off during running and jumping.

A tendon rupture that involves the tendon that connects the quadriceps muscle to the kneecap, often caused by sudden knee flexion or forceful extension.