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Questions and Answers
What is the main structural component of tendons?
What is the main structural component of tendons?
- Elastin fibers
- Keratin fibers
- Muscle fibers
- Collagen fibers (correct)
How do tendons respond to tensile loads?
How do tendons respond to tensile loads?
- They become stiffer (correct)
- They elongate
- They shrink in size
- They become more flexible
Which factor affects the mechanical behavior of tendons and ligaments?
Which factor affects the mechanical behavior of tendons and ligaments?
- Visual appearance
- Temperature fluctuations
- Biological factors (correct)
- Oxygenation levels
What happens to tendons and ligaments under stress deprivation?
What happens to tendons and ligaments under stress deprivation?
During healing, tendons and ligaments exhibit which type of mechanical properties?
During healing, tendons and ligaments exhibit which type of mechanical properties?
What is the function of tendons in the body?
What is the function of tendons in the body?
How do physical factors affect the mechanical behavior of tendons and ligaments?
How do physical factors affect the mechanical behavior of tendons and ligaments?
What is the purpose of the synovial fluid found between the parietal and visceral membranes of the synovial sheath?
What is the purpose of the synovial fluid found between the parietal and visceral membranes of the synovial sheath?
What is the primary function of the paratenon?
What is the primary function of the paratenon?
What is the purpose of the annular pulleys found under the synovial sheath?
What is the purpose of the annular pulleys found under the synovial sheath?
What is the primary function of the epitenon?
What is the primary function of the epitenon?
What is the change in the angle of the epitenon fibers during stretching?
What is the change in the angle of the epitenon fibers during stretching?
Which of the following tendons may have a paratenon to reduce friction?
Which of the following tendons may have a paratenon to reduce friction?
What is the composition of the paratenon?
What is the composition of the paratenon?
Which of the following structures is located under the paratenon and surrounds the tendon's fibrillar network of collagen?
Which of the following structures is located under the paratenon and surrounds the tendon's fibrillar network of collagen?
What is the primary function of the musculotendinous unit?
What is the primary function of the musculotendinous unit?
Which of the following best describes the composition of the musculotendinous unit?
Which of the following best describes the composition of the musculotendinous unit?
What is the difference between the proximal and distal attachments of a muscle?
What is the difference between the proximal and distal attachments of a muscle?
What is the purpose of the tendon synovial sheath?
What is the purpose of the tendon synovial sheath?
What is the main difference in biomechanical behavior between tendons and ligaments?
What is the main difference in biomechanical behavior between tendons and ligaments?
Which of the following best describes the composition difference between tendons and ligaments?
Which of the following best describes the composition difference between tendons and ligaments?
Which of the following statements best describes the purpose of the myotendinous junction (MTJ) and the osteotendinous junction (OTJ)?
Which of the following statements best describes the purpose of the myotendinous junction (MTJ) and the osteotendinous junction (OTJ)?
Which of the following factors is MOST responsible for determining the amount of bone mass that can be achieved through exercise?
Which of the following factors is MOST responsible for determining the amount of bone mass that can be achieved through exercise?
What is the MAXIMUM increase in bone mineral content (BMC) that can be achieved in young adults through very strenuous training?
What is the MAXIMUM increase in bone mineral content (BMC) that can be achieved in young adults through very strenuous training?
What is the TYPICAL increase in bone mineral content (BMC) that can be achieved in men and premenopausal women through moderate to intense physical training?
What is the TYPICAL increase in bone mineral content (BMC) that can be achieved in men and premenopausal women through moderate to intense physical training?
What is the MAXIMUM increase in bone density that can be achieved in the tibia of young adults through very strenuous training?
What is the MAXIMUM increase in bone density that can be achieved in the tibia of young adults through very strenuous training?
What is the TYPICAL long-term increase in bone mass that can be found after 1-2 years of intensive exercise in postmenopausal women?
What is the TYPICAL long-term increase in bone mass that can be found after 1-2 years of intensive exercise in postmenopausal women?
What is the MAIN reason that the long-term benefits of exercise are retained only by continuing to exercise?
What is the MAIN reason that the long-term benefits of exercise are retained only by continuing to exercise?
What is the primary function of osteocalcin?
What is the primary function of osteocalcin?
Which bone component provides the compressive strength of bone?
Which bone component provides the compressive strength of bone?
In bone microstructure, what comes after the "mineralized fibril array" level?
In bone microstructure, what comes after the "mineralized fibril array" level?
What is the main difference between cortical and cancellous bone?
What is the main difference between cortical and cancellous bone?
Which component is almost entirely composed of Calcium Hydroxyapatite?
Which component is almost entirely composed of Calcium Hydroxyapatite?
What is the role of osteopontin in bone structure?
What is the role of osteopontin in bone structure?
What is the primary component of the organic matrix of bone tissue?
What is the primary component of the organic matrix of bone tissue?
Which of the following best describes the inorganic matrix of bone tissue?
Which of the following best describes the inorganic matrix of bone tissue?
How does the mechanical behavior of cortical (compact) bone differ from cancellous (trabecular/spongy) bone?
How does the mechanical behavior of cortical (compact) bone differ from cancellous (trabecular/spongy) bone?
What is the primary function of the collagen fibrils in bone tissue?
What is the primary function of the collagen fibrils in bone tissue?
How does the cross-linking of collagen fibrils affect the mechanical properties of bone tissue?
How does the cross-linking of collagen fibrils affect the mechanical properties of bone tissue?
What is the primary mechanism by which bone density is regulated?
What is the primary mechanism by which bone density is regulated?
According to Wolff's law, what happens to bone when the strain is too high?
According to Wolff's law, what happens to bone when the strain is too high?
What is the primary function of diaphyseal modeling during bone growth?
What is the primary function of diaphyseal modeling during bone growth?
Which of the following best describes the mechanical behavior of bone?
Which of the following best describes the mechanical behavior of bone?
What is the primary function of cancellous (trabecular/spongy) bone?
What is the primary function of cancellous (trabecular/spongy) bone?
Which of the following statements best describes the difference between cortical and cancellous bone?
Which of the following statements best describes the difference between cortical and cancellous bone?
According to Wolff's law, what happens to bone when the strain is too low?
According to Wolff's law, what happens to bone when the strain is too low?
Which of the following statements about the mechanical properties of cortical bone is correct?
Which of the following statements about the mechanical properties of cortical bone is correct?
Which of the following statements about trabecular bone is correct?
Which of the following statements about trabecular bone is correct?
What is the primary reason for the anisotropic behavior of bone, where it exhibits different mechanical properties when loaded along different axes?
What is the primary reason for the anisotropic behavior of bone, where it exhibits different mechanical properties when loaded along different axes?
Under bending loads, what is the primary reason for the unequal distribution of stress in bone, with increased stress magnitude farther from the neutral axis?
Under bending loads, what is the primary reason for the unequal distribution of stress in bone, with increased stress magnitude farther from the neutral axis?
Which of the following statements best describes the effect of increased loading rate on the mechanical behavior of bone?
Which of the following statements best describes the effect of increased loading rate on the mechanical behavior of bone?
What is the primary effect of reduced mechanical loading on bone, such as during prolonged bed rest or immobilization?
What is the primary effect of reduced mechanical loading on bone, such as during prolonged bed rest or immobilization?
What defines the outer border of an osteon in compact bone?
What defines the outer border of an osteon in compact bone?
Which type of bone has a higher resistance to torsion and bending compared to cancellous bone?
Which type of bone has a higher resistance to torsion and bending compared to cancellous bone?
Which type of bone is quickly formed and has poorly organized fibers?
Which type of bone is quickly formed and has poorly organized fibers?
What is the primary structural unit in cortical bone?
What is the primary structural unit in cortical bone?
In which type of bone are collagen fibers more or less randomly arranged?
In which type of bone are collagen fibers more or less randomly arranged?
What is the main difference between lamellar and woven bone in terms of mineralization?
What is the main difference between lamellar and woven bone in terms of mineralization?
What happens to bone when strain is too high according to Wolff's Law?
What happens to bone when strain is too high according to Wolff's Law?
Which of the following factors has the GREATEST influence on the fracture pattern and soft tissue damage of bone?
Which of the following factors has the GREATEST influence on the fracture pattern and soft tissue damage of bone?
What is the primary effect of inactivity on bone density?
What is the primary effect of inactivity on bone density?
What is the PRIMARY effect of prolonged bed rest or immobilization on bone mass?
What is the PRIMARY effect of prolonged bed rest or immobilization on bone mass?
How does exercise primarily affect bone density in young adults?
How does exercise primarily affect bone density in young adults?
What is the primary reason that some bones respond negatively above a certain level of activity?
What is the primary reason that some bones respond negatively above a certain level of activity?
What is the MAXIMUM increase in tibial bone density that can be achieved through very strenuous training in young adults?
What is the MAXIMUM increase in tibial bone density that can be achieved through very strenuous training in young adults?
What is the typical long-term effect of intensive exercise on bone mass in postmenopausal women?
What is the typical long-term effect of intensive exercise on bone mass in postmenopausal women?
Which of the following is the MAIN reason that the long-term benefits of exercise on bone are retained only by continuing to exercise?
Which of the following is the MAIN reason that the long-term benefits of exercise on bone are retained only by continuing to exercise?
How does the mechanical behavior of cortical bone differ from trabecular bone under tensile loads?
How does the mechanical behavior of cortical bone differ from trabecular bone under tensile loads?
What does Wolff's Law suggest regarding the remodeling of bones?
What does Wolff's Law suggest regarding the remodeling of bones?
What is the TYPICAL long-term increase in bone mass after 1-2 years of intensive exercise in postmenopausal women?
What is the TYPICAL long-term increase in bone mass after 1-2 years of intensive exercise in postmenopausal women?
In ageing individuals, what property of bones generally decreases according to the text?
In ageing individuals, what property of bones generally decreases according to the text?
What is the MAXIMUM increase in bone mineral content (BMC) that can be achieved in young adults through very strenuous training?
What is the MAXIMUM increase in bone mineral content (BMC) that can be achieved in young adults through very strenuous training?
Which statement best describes the relationship between exercise and aging effects on bone health?
Which statement best describes the relationship between exercise and aging effects on bone health?
Which individuals may have more to gain from exercise according to the text?
Which individuals may have more to gain from exercise according to the text?
How does the mechanical behavior of bone change with aging?
How does the mechanical behavior of bone change with aging?
What is the primary factor that determines the amount of bone mass that can be achieved through exercise?
What is the primary factor that determines the amount of bone mass that can be achieved through exercise?
What is the primary role of the organic matrix in bone tissue?
What is the primary role of the organic matrix in bone tissue?
How does the cross-linking of collagen fibrils impact the mechanical properties of bone tissue?
How does the cross-linking of collagen fibrils impact the mechanical properties of bone tissue?
Which component accounts for approximately 60% of the dry weight of bone tissue?
Which component accounts for approximately 60% of the dry weight of bone tissue?
What is the clinical relevance of understanding the mechanical properties of bone?
What is the clinical relevance of understanding the mechanical properties of bone?
How does aging affect the mechanical properties of trabecular bone?
How does aging affect the mechanical properties of trabecular bone?
What is the role of amorphous ground substance in bone tissue?
What is the role of amorphous ground substance in bone tissue?
What is the primary effect of aging on bone mineralization?
What is the primary effect of aging on bone mineralization?
What is the main consequence of primary mineralization happening in holes and pores in bone?
What is the main consequence of primary mineralization happening in holes and pores in bone?
Which factor plays a significant role in determining fracture patterns in bones?
Which factor plays a significant role in determining fracture patterns in bones?
How does intense physical training typically affect bone mineral content (BMC) in young adults?
How does intense physical training typically affect bone mineral content (BMC) in young adults?
In the microstructure of bone, what level follows the 'mineralized collagen fibril'?
In the microstructure of bone, what level follows the 'mineralized collagen fibril'?
What is the primary reason for the unequal distribution of stress in bones under bending loads?
What is the primary reason for the unequal distribution of stress in bones under bending loads?
Osteopontin is primarily known for its role as a:
Osteopontin is primarily known for its role as a:
What is the function of proteoglycans within bones?
What is the function of proteoglycans within bones?
During aging, what change occurs in the non-collagenous matrix proteins related to bone formation?
During aging, what change occurs in the non-collagenous matrix proteins related to bone formation?
What is the primary factor responsible for the different fracture patterns observed in cortical versus cancellous bone?
What is the primary factor responsible for the different fracture patterns observed in cortical versus cancellous bone?
Which of the following best describes the effect of high tensile loads on bone?
Which of the following best describes the effect of high tensile loads on bone?
According to Wolff's law, what is the effect of prolonged low-magnitude loading on bone?
According to Wolff's law, what is the effect of prolonged low-magnitude loading on bone?
Which of the following best describes the effect of exercise on bone mass in postmenopausal women?
Which of the following best describes the effect of exercise on bone mass in postmenopausal women?
What is the primary factor that determines the maximum bone mass achievable through exercise?
What is the primary factor that determines the maximum bone mass achievable through exercise?
Which of the following best describes the effect of aging on bone tissue?
Which of the following best describes the effect of aging on bone tissue?
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