Telephony Flashcards

Questions and Answers

Local CO switches are connected in a star topology to a ____

Tandem switch (correct)

Generator

Hybrid switch

Loop-back circuit

Class 5 switch

CO switches can be directly trunked to each other.

True

If a telephone call passes from one local service area to another, it is a ____________.

Long-distance call

The local tandem switch will hand off a long distance call to its ____.

Toll Switch Signup and view all the answers

The bottom-most telephone switch in the switching hierarchy is the __________.

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

As a general rule, only a class 5 switch provides dial tone.

True Signup and view all the answers

In the switching hierarchy, a class 1 switch is a ____.

Regional switch Signup and view all the answers

In the switching hierarchy, a class 2 switch is a ____.

Section switch Signup and view all the answers

In the switching hierarchy, a class 3 switch is a ____.

Primary center switch Signup and view all the answers

In the switching hierarchy, a class 4 switch is a ____.

Toll center switch Signup and view all the answers

In the switching hierarchy, a class 5 switch is a ____.

Access Switch Signup and view all the answers

A superior control and routing decision architecture called _______ has been in service since the 1980's.

SS7 Signup and view all the answers

A telecommunications network has three main parts: select all that apply.

Switching centers (Central offices) Signup and view all the answers

Another term for the Access Network is the _______________.

Outside plant Signup and view all the answers

F1 cables are buried underground because _________________

They are too heavy to be suspended in telephone poles Signup and view all the answers

Telecommunication Cabinets are also called:

Outside Plant Interfaces (OPI) Signup and view all the answers

F1 cables cross connect to _________ in the SAI.

F2 cables Signup and view all the answers

A Jumper Wire Interface (JWI) is a type of OPI.

True Signup and view all the answers

The wiring device that performs the demarc function is the ___________.

NID Signup and view all the answers

The analog electrical signal is filtered to be in a frequency range from 300 Hz to 3300 Hz referred to as the ________________.

Voiceband Signup and view all the answers

The two commonly available ISDN services are (Pick two).

BRI Signup and view all the answers

Each 'B' channel in an ISDN circuit operates at __________.

64 Kbps Signup and view all the answers

DSL access is not available everywhere - it depends on the ____________.

Loop Reach Signup and view all the answers

A _____________ splits off the data portion to a high-speed data network, and passes the voice band to the CO Switch.

DSLAM Signup and view all the answers

The Telecom Transport Network connects _______________

Switching Centres Signup and view all the answers

4-(and sometimes 6 or 8) wire trunks are called _______ trunks (choose all that apply).

Earth and Magneto Signup and view all the answers

An analogue trunk can carry only one duplex conversation at a time.

True Signup and view all the answers

The technology where each conversation is assigned a different, non-overlapping frequency range is called __________.

Frequency Division Multiplexing Signup and view all the answers

According to the Nyquist Theory, a signal whose maximum frequency is 4000 Hz requires ________ samples per second in order to accurately reconstruct the signal.

8000 Signup and view all the answers

Each Bearer channel of a PRI operates at 64Kbps because _________.

8000 samples of 8 bits each per second are taken Signup and view all the answers

Telecommunications carriers use single DS0s in their transmission networks.

False Signup and view all the answers

Pick the one statement that is completely correct.

T1...the two pairs allow full duplex Signup and view all the answers

TDM is an acronym for ____.

Time Division Multiplexing Signup and view all the answers

The number of DS0s in a T1 TDM frame are ____.

24 Signup and view all the answers

Pick the one piece of equipment not essential to the operation of a CO.

Closed Circuit TV Signup and view all the answers

CO equipment is designed to operate on ____.

48V DC Signup and view all the answers

The purpose of the CO Air compressor is ____.

Pressurize Cable Conduit Signup and view all the answers

F1 cables enter and exit the CO by the way of ____.

The Cable Vault Signup and view all the answers

Pick the one correct statement.

Riser conduit is grey and fire retarded, F1 conduit is black and not fire retardant. Signup and view all the answers

Riser cables are connected to F1 cables in the ____________.

Splice Case Signup and view all the answers

The __________ provides the point of cross-connection between the Outside Plant (OSP) cable pairs and the office equipment (switch).

Main Distribution Frame Signup and view all the answers

The side of the MDF that faces the switch is referred to as ___________________.

Horizontal side Signup and view all the answers

Small interface units called _______ provide the circuitry to connect the live (loop) to the bus and backplane architecture of the switch.

Line cards Signup and view all the answers

Historically, the telco owned all of the telephone wiring inside the customer premise.

True Signup and view all the answers

Historically, the subscriber was not allowed to make any modifications to the inside wiring, including adding new jacks or telephones. This is still true today.

False Signup and view all the answers

Modern datacom cable, such as Cat5, Cat5e and Cat6 are acceptable for use as telephone inside wiring.

True Signup and view all the answers

Twisting pairs of wire together inside the inside wiring cable _______.

Reduces electrical interference Signup and view all the answers

Each connection where another phone is connected to the loop is called a ________.

Bridge tap Signup and view all the answers

Each telephone set has an associated electrical measurement called a ________.

Phone load Signup and view all the answers

The number of standard telephone sets on a POTS loop should not exceed ____.

5 Signup and view all the answers

If there are too many telephone sets on a POTS loop, then ____.

The CO won't be able to supply enough ring current to make the phones ring. Signup and view all the answers

Inside wiring cables that pass through enclosed ceilings must be ____ in order to meet fire regulations.

Plenum grade Signup and view all the answers

Fire stopping is intended to ____.

Prohibit the spread of fire and smoke from one location to another Signup and view all the answers

The Telco Building Entrance is ____.

The point where the service provider brings telephone cables into a building through the building's foundation Signup and view all the answers

The service provider terminates the cables brought through the building entrance utilizing ______ protection (pick 2).

Solid State Signup and view all the answers

Pick all of the devices where the distribution of dial tone in a building could start.

MDF Signup and view all the answers

The central point in a building where all cables converge is the ____.

MDF Signup and view all the answers

The ________ connects other floors' (IDF/TC's) of a multiple floor building to the MDF.

Riser cable Signup and view all the answers

The ________ extends telecom services on the same floor to the other sections of a building (as with single floor complexes).

Horizontal run Signup and view all the answers

USOC is an acronym for ____.

Bell system universal service ordering code Signup and view all the answers

In telecommunications, calls being handled by a switching system are referred to as ____.

Traffic Signup and view all the answers

The percent of time the server is working (carrying traffic) as opposed to waiting for a call is defined as (choose all that apply).

Efficiency Signup and view all the answers

If an inbound call to a PBX encounters a busy signal or no answer, the call is said to be ____.

Blocked Signup and view all the answers

In Traffic Engineering, the time shown on a billing report is called the ____.

Carried Load Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a factor that determines switch capacity?

Number of Answer Clerks Signup and view all the answers

What factor does not influence operating time?

Software licensing Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Local CO Switches and Tandem Switches

Local CO switches are connected to tandem switches in a star topology.
Tandem switches facilitate interconnection between different local service areas.

Call Types

A long-distance call occurs when a telephone conversation crosses local service area boundaries.
CO switches can directly trunk with one another, allowing direct communication paths.

Switching Hierarchy

Class 5 switches function as access switches and are the lowest level in the switching hierarchy.
The hierarchy includes various classes:
- Class 1: Regional switch
- Class 2: Section switch
- Class 3: Primary center switch
- Class 4: Toll center switch

ISDN Services

Two main ISDN services are BRI (Basic Rate Interface) and PRI (Primary Rate Interface), with each "B" channel operating at 64 Kbps.

DSL and Network Connectivity

DSL access availability depends on loop reach, which refers to the distance broadband signals can reliably travel.
DSLAM (Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer) splits data from voice signals to connect to high-speed data networks.

Cable and Wiring Standards

F1 cables are buried due to their heaviness, which makes them unsuitable for pole suspension.
Plenum grade cables are required for fire regulations in enclosed ceiling spaces.

Network Interface and Demarcation Points

NID (Network Interface Device) serves as the demarcation point between telecommunications service and customer wiring.
Jumper Wire Interfaces (JWI) are used as outside plant interfaces for connectivity to switches.

Telecommunications Infrastructure

The Main Distribution Frame (MDF) is crucial as it provides the cross-connection point between outside plant cables and office equipment.
Riser cables connect different floors' telecommunications infrastructure to the MDF.

Signal Processing and Multiplexing

Voice signals are typically filtered within a frequency range of 300 Hz to 3300 Hz, known as the voiceband.
Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) assigns non-overlapping frequency ranges for simultaneous conversations.

Fire Safety and Building Codes

Fire stopping techniques are vital to prevent the spread of fire and smoke across different building areas.
The Telco Building Entrance represents where telephone cables enter a structure from outside.

Traffic Engineering Concepts

The efficiency of a system is determined by the percentage of time it is actively carrying traffic versus idle time.
Inbound calls that cannot connect due to busy signals or no answers are categorized as blocked calls.

Historical Perspective on Telecommunications

Historically, telecommunication providers owned all wiring within customer premises; regulations have since evolved allowing modifications.
Modern data communication cables (Cat5, Cat6) are acceptable for use as inside wiring.

Miscellaneous

The term "traffic" in telecommunications refers to the volume of calls handled by the switching system.
Occupancy measures the use of a system, indicating the proportion of time it's engaged with active calls.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Test your knowledge of telephony concepts with these flashcards. The quiz covers essential terms related to CO switches, local switches, and call processing. Ideal for students and professionals in telecommunications.