Telehealth and Bioinformatics Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What did the Nuremberg Code establish in relation to medical experiments?

Mandatory participation in experiments

Exemption from ethical considerations in experiments

Forced participation in experiments

Voluntary consent and right to withdraw from experiment (correct)

What did the WMA (World Medical Associations) Declaration of Helsinki add to the Nuremberg Code?

Mandatory disclosure of personal information of research subjects

Right to privacy and confidentiality of personal information of research subjects (correct)

No rights for research subjects

Exemption from privacy and confidentiality considerations

What is the Flesch Reading Ease Test used for?

Assigning a value to the readability of a text (correct)

Evaluating the accuracy of a text

Assessing the complexity of medical terminology

Measuring the length of a text

What is the ratio of health apps for consumers to those for physicians?

2:1 Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2008?

To protect patients against discrimination by employers and healthcare insurers based on genetic information Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of a GIS in public health?

To provide access to large volumes of data and visually display data through maps Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of a database and data warehousing in data science?

To store and manage large volumes of data Signup and view all the answers

Which skill set is NOT required for data science?

Understanding of cardinality in RDBS Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of normalization in databases?

To prevent duplication of inputted data Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'cardinality' refer to in the context of databases?

Uniqueness of relationships between tables Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a vendor matrix in a project?

Comparing and contrasting different vendors on the same uses or features across the board Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of a survey in a project?

To gather project requirements and understand stakeholder needs Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an executive summary in a project?

To provide a high-level report stating the project's objectives and reasons Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a primary key in a database?

To provide a unique value that cannot be repeated Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of a query in a database?

To extract information from a table based on specified criteria Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a form in a database?

To enter and manipulate data more easily than using a spreadsheet Signup and view all the answers

What are the common types of clinical questions?

Therapy, prognosis, diagnosis, harm, cost Signup and view all the answers

What is the study of imaging for patient care known as?

Medical Imaging Informatics Signup and view all the answers

What are the types of digital detectors mentioned in the text?

Computed Radiography (CR) and Digital Radiography (DR) Signup and view all the answers

What are the barriers to transition to filmless radiology systems?

Cost, legislation, interoperability, bandwidth limits, and viewing speed Signup and view all the answers

What is the Veterans Health Administration's Teleradiology Network designed to provide?

Radiology coverage to all regions Signup and view all the answers

What are the levels of evidence based on the GRADE framework?

1-4 Signup and view all the answers

What are the components of telemedicine and its applications?

Remote clinical services, teleconsultation, telemonitoring, and telediagnosis Signup and view all the answers

What are the barriers to clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) mentioned in the text?

Practice setting, contrary opinion, sparse data, lack of local champions Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of telehealth?

The delivery of health-related services and information via telecommunications technologies Signup and view all the answers

What is the evidence pyramid hierarchy from lowest to highest level?

From case reports/case series to randomized controlled trials (RCTs) Signup and view all the answers

What were the requirements for the Veterans Health Administration's Teleradiology Network?

Faster processors, higher capacity disk drives, and faster network speeds Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of PACs in medical imaging?

Picture-archiving and communication systems for medical imaging Signup and view all the answers

What is telehealth primarily used for?

Long-distance clinical health care, patient and professional health-related education, and public health and health administration Signup and view all the answers

What are the main reasons for the increasing popularity of telemedicine?

Rising healthcare costs, the need to prevent readmissions, shortages of specialists in rural areas, and the increase in chronic diseases and aging population Signup and view all the answers

What are the transmission modes involved in telemedicine?

Store-and-forward, real-time, and remote monitoring Signup and view all the answers

What are the barriers faced by telemedicine?

Limited reimbursement, high initial cost, bandwidth issues, licensure laws, and ethical/legal challenges Signup and view all the answers

What are the goals and purposes of telehealth?

Addressing rising healthcare costs, preventing readmissions, overcoming specialist shortages in rural areas, managing chronic diseases, improving collaboration among healthcare organizations, and enhancing patient satisfaction by providing better access to specialty care Signup and view all the answers

What does bioinformatics focus on?

Developing algorithms for biological hypotheses, such as finding genes, predicting protein structure/function, and examining evolutionary relationships Signup and view all the answers

What does genomics study?

Genetic material Signup and view all the answers

What does phenotype refer to?

Observable characteristics of an organism Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary importance of bioinformatics in healthcare?

Diagnosing hereditary diseases, discovering drug targets, developing personalized drugs based on genetic profiles, and creating gene therapies for diseases with a strong genomic component Signup and view all the answers

What did the Human Genome Project discover?

3 million SNPs and raised ethical, legal, and social issues Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of Evidence Based Medicine (EBM)?

A systematic approach to clinical problem solving which integrates the best available research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values Signup and view all the answers

What are the three types of Personal Health Records (PHRs) categorized by Tang 2006?

The tethered PHR, the standalone PHR, and the interconnected or integrated PHR Signup and view all the answers

What are the challenges of Mobile Technology mentioned in the text?

Cost, distraction, technical issues, security, lack of quality control, lack of evidence, and regulatory concerns Signup and view all the answers

What is the EBM Triad according to the text?

Individual clinical expertise, best external evidence, patient values & expectations Signup and view all the answers

What are the uses of Text Messaging/SMS in Mobile Technology Devices mentioned in the text?

Appointment reminders, education, disease management, behavior modification, medication compliance, laboratory results notification, and public health- immunization Signup and view all the answers

What are the types of CHI applications mentioned in the text?

Apps to inform, instruct, record, display, remind/alert, guide, and communicate Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Tablet PCs in healthcare according to the text?

To provide a lightweight means of reaching the Internet and EHR access Signup and view all the answers

What are the electronic communication challenges mentioned in the text?

Instances when patients do not prefer email notification of test results and physician concerns about message overload, triage capability, email security, and timely response Signup and view all the answers

What are the factors that add to the popularity of mobile technology according to the text?

Improved speed, memory, wireless connectivity, shrinking form factor, affordability, constantly improving features, and a myriad of mobile apps for consumers and clinicians Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of PICO in the context of Evidence Based Medicine (EBM)?

P- patient, I- intervention, C- comparison, O- outcomes Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Telehealth and Bioinformatics in Healthcare

Telehealth involves the use of electronic information and telecommunications technologies for long-distance clinical health care, patient and professional health-related education, and public health and health administration.
Telemedicine is gaining popularity due to rising healthcare costs, the need to prevent readmissions, shortages of specialists in rural areas, and the increase in chronic diseases and aging population.
Telemedicine includes transmission modes like store-and-forward, real-time, and remote monitoring, but faces barriers such as limited reimbursement, high initial cost, bandwidth issues, licensure laws, and ethical/legal challenges.
The goals and purposes of telehealth include addressing rising healthcare costs, preventing readmissions, overcoming specialist shortages in rural areas, managing chronic diseases, improving collaboration among healthcare organizations, and enhancing patient satisfaction by providing better access to specialty care.
Bioinformatics is a field that merges biology, computer science, and information technology to develop algorithms for biological hypotheses, such as finding genes, predicting protein structure/function, and examining evolutionary relationships.
Transformational bioinformatics focuses on human eHealth, while genomics analyzes genetic material, proteomics studies proteins, pharmacogenomics links genetic material with drug targets, and metabolomics studies genes, proteins, or metabolites.
Phenotype refers to observable characteristics of an organism, while genotype is based on genetic information associated with a phenotype. The human body contains about 100 trillion cells, each with a complete set of genetic information in the nucleus.
Bioinformatics is important for diagnosing hereditary diseases, discovering drug targets, developing personalized drugs based on genetic profiles, and creating gene therapies for diseases with a strong genomic component.
The Human Genome Project, a collaborative project started in 1990 and completed in 2003, discovered 3 million SNPs and raised ethical, legal, and social issues.
Personal genomics aims to develop tailor-made medications and treatments targeting individuals and to offer bio-surveillance for future infectious disease outbreaks.
The All of Us Project collects biological data to further precision or personalized medicine, but ethical questions related to genetic testing include regulation, accuracy, economic viability, and potential to mislead customers.
Patients must ensure the accuracy of genetic testing before undergoing it, according to Varmus.

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Description

Test your knowledge of telehealth and bioinformatics in healthcare with this quiz. Explore topics such as the use of electronic technologies for long-distance clinical care, the merging of biology and computer science in bioinformatics, and the ethical and social implications of genetic testing.