Tectonic Plates Overview
42 Questions
1 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is one result of the movement of oceanic-oceanic divergent plate boundaries?

  • Creation of mid-oceanic ridges (correct)
  • Formation of mountain ranges
  • Subduction of tectonic plates
  • Formation of deep-sea trenches

    • Rift systems are only formed at continental-continental divergent plate boundaries.

    False

    What causes magma to rise at divergent plate boundaries?

    Decrease in overlying pressure

    At divergent plate boundaries, ____ are areas where earthquakes commonly occur due to stress release.

    <p>rift valleys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following geological features with their associated divergent boundary type:

    <p>Mid-oceanic ridges = Oceanic-Oceanic Rift valleys = Continental-Continental Submarine volcanoes = Oceanic-Oceanic Earthquake zones = Both types</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one strategy to reduce disaster risks during tectonic hazards?

    <p>Early monitoring and warning systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Post-disaster strategies are aimed at preventing tectonic hazards from occurring.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the economic consequences of tectonic hazards?

    <p>Costly repairs or rebuilding of damaged homes and infrastructure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Disaster risks and losses bring serious ______, social, and economic consequences.

    <p>environmental</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the consequence to its type for tectonic hazards:

    <p>Landslides = Environmental consequence Homelessness = Social consequence Costly repairs = Economic consequence Water pollution = Environmental consequence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is reducing disaster risks particularly important for developing countries?

    <p>They are more disaster-prone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tectonic hazard risks remain the same regardless of location.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions can contribute to the development of lahars?

    <p>Rapid melting of snow and ice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Volcanic eruptions in remote areas with no human settlements are likely to have a higher impact than those in densely populated regions.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one post-disaster strategy to facilitate recovery?

    <p>Insurance coverage for rebuilding properties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect can prolonged exposure to volcanic ash have on human health?

    <p>Respiratory problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Heavy rainfall can contribute to the development of __________.

    <p>lahars</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following effects of volcanic activity with their impacts:

    <p>Volcanic ash on roofs = Can cause roof collapses Volcanic eruptions in populated areas = High potential for loss of life Accumulate ash on farmlands = Suffocates crops leading to destruction Prolonged ash exposure = Irritates the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the conduit in a volcano?

    <p>To connect the vent to the magma chamber</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A vent is located at the bottom of the crater.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forms a stratovolcano?

    <p>Alternating layers of ash and lava from explosive eruptions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _____ plate subducts under another plate during convergent plate boundaries.

    <p>denser</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the term to its description:

    <p>Crater = Bowl-shaped depression at the top of the volcano Vent = Opening on the earth's surface for eruptions Magma chamber = Earth crust where magma is stored Conduit = Passageway through which magma travels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does magma reach the Earth's surface during a volcanic eruption?

    <p>It rises through weak areas in the Earth's crust</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Low pressure causes magma to solidify in the magma chamber.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe why some volcanic eruptions are more explosive than others.

    <p>High silica content in magma leads to explosive eruptions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs at oceanic-oceanic convergent plate boundaries?

    <p>Subduction and formation of oceanic trenches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Earthquakes do not occur at continental-continental convergent plate boundaries.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is formed when two oceanic plates collide?

    <p>Oceanic trench</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At continental-continental convergent plate boundaries, the _______ pressure causes the rocks to be uplifted and form fold mountains.

    <p>enormous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the plate boundary with its characteristic feature:

    <p>Oceanic-oceanic = Subduction and oceanic trench formation Continental-continental = Formation of fold mountains Oceanic-continental = Subduction zone with earthquakes and magma Submarine volcanoes = Volcanoes formed under the ocean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What phenomenon is most commonly associated with oceanic-continental convergent plate boundaries?

    <p>Subduction of the oceanic plate and creation of volcanoes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Volcanoes are formed at continental-continental convergent plate boundaries.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to water at the oceanic crust during subduction?

    <p>It lowers the melting point of the overlying mantle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the immediate actions required from local governments during a disaster?

    <p>Conduct damage assessments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Timely evacuation during a tsunami requires moving to higher ground away from the coast.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technology can be used in search and rescue efforts during a disaster?

    <p>Heat sensors and listening devices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    One challenge in disaster management is the lack of _________, including technological and financial resources.

    <p>domestic resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the type of disaster with its related evacuation guideline:

    <p>Earthquakes = Open spaces Tsunami = Higher ground Volcanoes = Away from the volcano Floods = Elevated areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What service is important for preventing dehydration during disaster recovery?

    <p>Provision of basic water supplies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Engaging relevant stakeholders in disaster management poses no challenges.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of buildings should be restored and improved after a disaster?

    <p>Hazard resistant buildings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Tectonic Plates

    • Plate tectonics is a scientific theory explaining how the Earth's outer shell is divided into large plates that move and interact, forming major landforms and geological events.
    • The Earth has a three-layered structure: core, mantle, and crust.
    • The core is the innermost layer, the hottest, and thickest.
    • The mantle is the layer between the core and the crust, 2900 km thick, and hot.
    • The crust is the outermost, thinnest (6-70 km), and hottest layer (1000-3700°C).
    • Tectonic plates are constantly moving.
    • Plate movements create major landforms (mountains, volcanoes, oceanic trenches) and explain earthquakes and tsunamis.
    • Convection currents, generated in the core, cause mantle material to become less dense and rise, dragging tectonic plates.
    • The sinking of cool mantle material drags plates towards each other, forming convergent boundaries.
    • Slab-pull force is when gravity acts on a subducting plate, causing it to sink deeper under its own weight.
    • This process is only observed at convergent plate boundaries.

    Seafloor Spreading

    • Seafloor spreading occurs at mid-ocean ridges where plates move apart, forming new oceanic crust.
    • Rocks near the mid-ocean ridge are younger than those further away.
    • Magma rises from the mantle, cools, and solidifies, forming new seafloor which pushes older seafloor further from the ridge.
    • Sediment accumulation is less in trenches compared to mid-ocean ridges.

    Magnetic Striping

    • Basalt, a volcanic rock forming oceanic crust, contains minerals that record Earth's magnetic field.
    • Normal and reversed polarity of Earth's magnetic fields create striped patterns on the seafloor.
    • The magnetic striping supports the theory of plate tectonics as it shows the movement of plates over time.

    Plate Boundaries

    • Divergent boundaries - plates move apart (mid-ocean ridges)

    • Convergent boundaries - plates move together (subduction zones)

    • Transform boundaries - plates slide past each other (faults).

    • Examples of plate boundaries and their characteristics are given.

    • Different types of plate boundaries result in different geological formations and events.

    Volcanoes and Earthquakes

    • Earthquakes occur along faults (fractures in the Earth's crust) when stress exceeds the fault's strength, causing rocks to snap or suddenly move.
    • The energy released produces seismic waves, resulting in ground shaking.
    • Magnitude is calculated using the height of the largest wave recorded on a seismometer.
    • The Richter Scale and Moment Magnitude (Mw) scale are used for measuring earthquake magnitude.
    • Volcanoes are formed when magma rises to the Earth's surface.
    • Volcanic eruptions are generally associated with plate boundaries where plates converge and one slides under the other (subduction).
    • The process of subduction can cause water to be released from the subducting plate which lowers the melting point of the overlying mantle material, creating magma.
    • Different types of volcanoes have different characteristics, such as stratovolcanoes and shield volcanoes.

    Disaster Risk Management

    • Disaster risk management (DRM) refers to the plans and actions put in place to prevent and manage disaster risks.
    • Strategies include hazard-resistant building designs, early warning systems, timely evacuations to reduce disaster risks during tectonic hazards.
    • Post-disaster strategies include facilitating quicker recovery from tectonic hazards.
    • Disaster risks from natural hazards like earthquakes and volcanoes are influenced by various factors, including the nature of the hazard (e.g., intensity of shaking, chemical composition of magma), vulnerability of affected communities and their properties, exposure( the extent to which people and properties are exposed. to tectonic hazard areas.)
    • The factors such as population density and distance from the epicenter influence the risk posed by earthquakes and volcanic eruptions
    • Challenges in building community resilience include financial and technological resources, community organization, political instability.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Geography S3 PDF

    Description

    Explore the fundamentals of plate tectonics, a scientific theory that illustrates how the Earth's outer shell is divided into large moving plates. Understand the Earth's layered structure, including the core, mantle, and crust, and how their interactions shape landforms and geological events like earthquakes and tsunamis.

    More Like This

    Major and Minor Tectonic Plates
    40 questions

    Major and Minor Tectonic Plates

    PleasurableCotangent avatar
    PleasurableCotangent
    Labeling the 7 Major Tectonic Plates
    15 questions

    Labeling the 7 Major Tectonic Plates

    IllustriousHoneysuckle avatar
    IllustriousHoneysuckle
    Earth Science: Tectonic Plates Overview
    13 questions

    Earth Science: Tectonic Plates Overview

    StylizedNeon avatar
    StylizedNeon
    Layers of the Earth and Tectonic Plates
    16 questions

    Layers of the Earth and Tectonic Plates

    EnrapturedBromine avatar
    EnrapturedBromine
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser