Major and Minor Tectonic Plates
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Questions and Answers

What is the characteristic of oceanic crust?

  • Made largely of hard dense basalt (correct)
  • Made largely of sial
  • Made largely of sima
  • Made largely of less dense granite

    • What is the process called when one plate moves beneath the other?

  • Subduction (correct)
  • Transformation
  • Divergence
  • Convection

    • What type of plate boundary is characterized by two plates colliding with each other?

  • Transform boundary
  • Conservative boundary
  • Divergent boundary
  • Convergent boundary (correct)

    • What is the name of the plate that includes the continent of Asia and Europe?

    <p>Euro-Asian plate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the rate at which plates move?

    <p>A few centimeters per year</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the feature associated with a subduction zone?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of crust is made largely of less dense granite?

    <p>Continental crust</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the plate that includes the continent of Australia?

    <p>Indo-Australian plate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a limestone column that hangs down from the ceiling of a cave called?

    <p>Stalactite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of volcanoes are formed from viscous, sticky lava that does not flow easily?

    <p>Strata volcanoes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a large crater basin shaped depression that forms due to the collapse of the ground following a major eruption?

    <p>Caldera</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of weathering is common in higher latitude areas of the world?

    <p>Frost action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a volcano that has not erupted during historic time but will probably erupt again?

    <p>Dormant volcanoes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT true about strata volcanoes?

    <p>They are known for their large size and low angle slope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following features is associated with a subduction zone?

    <p>Volcanic arc</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common type of landform associated with the upper course of a river?

    <p>Rapids and waterfalls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of plate boundary is characterized by plates sliding past each other?

    <p>Transform plate boundary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following layers of the Earth is liquid in nature?

    <p>Outer core</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the supercontinent that consisted of all of the present continents?

    <p>Pangaea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the crustal plates at a divergent plate margin?

    <p>They move apart from each other</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fold mountains form when plates of the Earth's crust move:

    <p>Towards each other</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What drives the movement of plates?

    <p>Convection currents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does plate subduction occur?

    <p>Convergent plate boundaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens at convergent plate boundaries where oceanic and continental crust meet?

    <p>Oceanic crust is subducted</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary controlling factor for mass wasting?

    <p>Gravity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the down slope movements of rock, regolith, and soil?

    <p>Mass wasting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of two continental plates colliding?

    <p>Fold mountain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for an area of salt water separated from the sea by loose sand banks?

    <p>Lagoon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of water on the materials that are prone to mass wasting?

    <p>It increases the weight of the materials and reduces its frictional strength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a narrow ridge of sand that projects into the sea but is attached to the land at one end?

    <p>Spit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of a steeper slope on the likelihood of mass wasting?

    <p>It increases the likelihood of mass wasting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a strip of land along the sea coast covered by varied types of sediments?

    <p>Beach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following agents of physical weathering is related to frost action?

    <p>Exfoliation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major characteristic of the upper course of a river?

    <p>Formation of V-Shaped valley and waterfalls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which molten rock is forced out onto the surface of the earth?

    <p>Volcanism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following pairs belongs to old fold mountains?

    <p>Cape range &amp; Urals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is a block (horst) mountain formed?

    <p>The land between two parallel faults is pushed upward due to pressure from inside the earth's crust</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an intrusive volcanic landform?

    <p>Crater</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT related to endogenic forces?

    <p>Denudation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which internal force is responsible for the formation of the Ethiopian rift valley?

    <p>Faulting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Plate Tectonics

    • The Earth's lithosphere is broken into large plates that move slowly at a rate of a few centimeters per year and change size.
    • There are seven major large plates: Pacific, Antarctica, Euro-Asian, African, Indo-Australian, North American, and South American plates.
    • Smaller plates include Nazca, Philippine, Caribbean, and Cocos plates.

    Plate Movements and Boundaries

    • Plates move in different directions and meet each other at plate boundaries.
    • The movement of plates creates three types of tectonic plate boundaries: convergent, divergent, and transform boundaries.
    • Continental crust is made of less dense granite (sial), while oceanic crust is made of hard dense basalt (sima).
    • Convergent plate boundaries occur when two plates collide with each other, resulting in subduction, where the dense plate will be forced under the less dense one.

    Convergent Boundaries

    • Subduction occurs when one plate sinks underneath another, typically at oceanic-continental boundaries and oceanic-oceanic boundaries.
    • Features associated with a subduction zone include volcanic arcs, island arcs, and trenches.
    • There are three types of convergent boundaries: oceanic-continental, oceanic-oceanic, and continental-continental.

    Mass Wasting (Movement)

    • Mass wasting refers to the down-slope movement of rock, regolith, and soil under the influence of gravity.
    • Factors that contribute to mass wasting include water, the angle of the slope, and human activities such as farming and overgrazing.
    • Steeper slopes are more prone to mass wasting as the force of gravity is stronger on steeper gradients.

    Landforms and Features

    • Beach: a strip of land along the sea coast covered by varied types of sediments.
    • Spit: a narrow ridge of sand that projects into the sea but is attached to the land at one end.
    • Lagoon: an area of saltwater separated from the sea by loose sand banks.
    • Fold mountains form when plates of the earth's crust move towards each other.

    Volcanic Activity

    • Volcanoes can be classified as active, dormant, or extinct based on their eruption history.
    • A caldera is a large crater basin-shaped depression that forms due to the collapse of the ground following a major eruption.
    • Shield volcanoes are formed from viscous, sticky lava that does not flow easily.
    • Strata volcanoes are the most common volcanic form and are characterized by a steep profile and periodic, explosive eruptions.

    Physical Weathering

    • Frost action is a type of physical weathering that occurs in higher latitude areas of the world.
    • Exfoliation is a type of physical weathering that occurs when rocks break apart due to temperature changes.
    • Scree is a type of physical weathering that occurs when rocks break apart due to gravity.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the different types of tectonic plates, including major and minor plates, and their composition.

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