Technology Week 7: Safety and Use of Technology
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of a subcutaneous injection?

  • To inject large volumes of medication quickly
  • For slower, sustained absorption of medications (correct)
  • To provide immediate effects akin to intravenous injections
  • For rapid drug delivery into the bloodstream

    • Which area is NOT commonly used for subcutaneous injections?

  • Abdominal region
  • Anterior side of the thigh
  • Cervical region (correct)
  • Lateral aspect of the upper arm

    • What is a major advantage of intramuscular injections compared to subcutaneous injections?

  • Ability to accommodate larger volumes (correct)
  • Lower risk of infection
  • Faster absorption rate (correct)
  • Less painful procedure

    • What complication may arise from repeated subcutaneous injections at the same site?

    <p>Lipohypertrophy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which injection method provides 100% bioavailability?

    <p>Intravenous injection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key disadvantage of subcutaneous injections?

    <p>They can only be used for non-irritating medications (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements regarding intravenous infusion is TRUE?

    <p>It may be administered as a continuous or bolus infusion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done to prevent complications when administering subcutaneous injections?

    <p>Rotate injection sites regularly (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of genomics?

    <p>Studying genomes to understand disease tendencies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key barrier addressed by the Overcoming Health Data Barriers Project?

    <p>Evaluating economic feasibility of shared data systems (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Regenerative medicine primarily aims to achieve which of the following?

    <p>Correct, repair, and renew human cells, tissues, or organs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What therapeutic areas does immunotherapy primarily target?

    <p>Cancer, autoimmune, inflammatory, and infectious diseases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technology is NOT typically associated with regenerative medicine?

    <p>Data analytics for genomics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Synthetic biology primarily uses which of the following concepts?

    <p>Designing and creating living organisms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant application of genomics in medicine?

    <p>Personalized diagnosis and treatment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does immunotherapy primarily function in treating diseases?

    <p>By boosting the immune system to fight diseases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key benefit of personalized medicine?

    <p>Smart drugs tailored to individual patients (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is primarily driving the expansion of the biotechnology drug market?

    <p>Rise in chronic diseases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do algorithms improve healthcare diagnostic processes?

    <p>By outperforming humans in diagnosing and prognosing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does artificial intelligence play in healthcare?

    <p>Improves routine processes and increases efficiency (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary function of telemonitoring in healthcare?

    <p>To support treatment adherence and prevent costly interventions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technology is used for non-invasive daily health monitoring?

    <p>Wearable devices with biosensors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes new generation therapeutics in biotechnology?

    <p>Use of cellular properties to develop drugs and devices (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one role of IoT devices in healthcare?

    <p>To collect daily health data for quick physician interventions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary benefit of using surgical techniques enhanced by technology?

    <p>Lowers reoperation risks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of Augmented Reality (AR) in healthcare?

    <p>Enhances the real-world by overlaying digital elements (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method used in Decision Support Systems (DSS) is based on 'if-then' logic?

    <p>Rule-Based Methods (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature of Decision Support Systems (DSS) enhances human decision-making?

    <p>Improved data access and reporting tools (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technology is used primarily for surgical simulation and pain management?

    <p>Virtual Reality (VR) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a key characteristic of Decision Support Systems (DSS)?

    <p>Replace human decision-makers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the Internet play in the functionality of Decision Support Systems (DSS)?

    <p>Enhances data access and real-time decision-making (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one purpose of a Drug-drug interaction system?

    <p>To alert healthcare professionals about potential drug interactions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant challenge associated with the adoption of advanced surgical technologies?

    <p>High investment and maintenance costs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not an advantage of clinical decision support systems?

    <p>Guaranteeing a 100% accuracy in results (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common problem faced by clinical decision support systems?

    <p>Resistance from healthcare professionals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Telemedicine primarily enhances healthcare accessibility in what context?

    <p>For remote healthcare services in areas with limited access (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a specialized field of telemedicine?

    <p>Telepathology (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant disadvantage of clinical decision support systems?

    <p>They require high investment for maintenance and training (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of telemedicine involves remote management of skin conditions?

    <p>Teledermatology (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary goal of using telemedicine?

    <p>Enhance patient diagnostics through remote technology (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary benefit of using vascular imaging devices in healthcare?

    <p>They enhance procedural success by visualizing blood vessels beneath the skin. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is innovation considered vital in nursing practice?

    <p>It improves nursing care quality and supports better health outcomes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role should nurse managers play in fostering innovation?

    <p>Create awareness and encourage a work atmosphere for innovation. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do updated technology versions benefit nurses compared to traditional pumps?

    <p>They enhance usability and improve safety and precision. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the outcomes of implementing innovative practices in nursing?

    <p>Shorter hospital stays and improved recovery times. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about the role of nurses in innovation is true?

    <p>Nurses should reflect on professional challenges and seek innovative solutions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one way vascular access is used in healthcare?

    <p>It's essential for fluid and electrolyte replacement. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key aspect of supporting nurses in innovation?

    <p>Providing opportunities for development and recognizing successful projects. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Technology Week 7: Safety and Use of Technology

    • Health technology regulation, assessment, and management are interconnected functions, essential for effective and safe medical device use
    • Health Technology Regulation focuses on ensuring medical devices and drugs meet safety, quality, and efficacy standards.
    • Regulatory processes apply generally but are highlighted for complex medical technologies.
    • Health Technology Assessment (HTA) evaluates clinical effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and societal impact of medical technologies.
    • HTA guides decision-making in healthcare
    • Health Technology Management (HTM) involves planning, procurement, maintenance, and proper use of medical devices to ensure operational efficiency and safety.
    • These functions (Regulation, HTA, and HTM) complement each other.
    • Regulation ensures compliance with safety and performance standards.
    • HTA supports informed adoption decisions and funding.
    • HTM ensures optimal implementation and ongoing use.
    • Specialized regulatory processes (STD) are often reserved for complex medical technologies needing detailed oversight.
    • Collaborative approach ensures safe and efficient technology use in healthcare systems.
    • Decision-making in healthcare systems is often driven by management, particularly in those with hospital or regional autonomy.

    Parenteral Injection

    • Parenteral injection is the administration of medications directly into the body bypassing the digestive system.
    • It's used when enteral administration (oral/rectal) isn't feasible or when rapid therapeutic effect is needed.
    • Key Points:
      • Bioavailability
      • Sterility and safety
    • Rationals for Parenteral Administration:
      • Medications not absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract
      • Medications decomposing within the gastrointestinal tract
      • Circumstances requiring prompt medication action
      • Unresponsive or unable to ingest medication patients
      • Instances of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea

    Types of Parenteral Ingestion

    • Intradermal Injection (ID): Medication is injected into the dermis. Has the lowest absorption rate of the parenteral methods (used for diagnostic purposes like allergy/sensitivity tests)
    • Subcutaneous Injection (SC): Medication is injected into the fatty tissue beneath the skin (eg. upper arm, abdomen, or thigh) used for slower, sustained absorption (e.g., insulin, heparin)
    • Intramuscular Injection (IM): Medication is injected into a muscle (e.g., deltoid, gluteus, or vastus lateralis). Faster absorption than SC, but slower than IV.
    • Intravenous Injection (IV): Medication is injected directly into a vein. Used for rapid drug delivery and is suitable for large volumes of fluids or irritant drugs that could harm tissues.

    Barcode Technology

    • Uses machine-readable codes (lines, spaces, or patterns) to represent data (Used in healthcare to enhance efficiency, accuracy, and patient safety)
    • Barcode technology converts information into digital formats
    • Used in healthcare for patient identification, tracking and inventory management, error prevention, data collection, and documentation, improved workflow efficacy and patient safety, and laboratory testing.

    Medical Device Tracking

    • Important for surgical instruments tracking
    • Disadvantages of barcode technology: high implementation cost, technical failures, human error in usage, and limited interoperability. -Covers for intravascular catheter use: Use sterilized gauze or semi permeable transparent dressings, Chlorhexidine, and sterile gauzes.
    • Smart intravenous infusion pumps use computerized drug delivery technology that enhances safety by detecting and correcting dosage and programming errors.

    Week 10: Use and Evaluation of Health Technologies

    • Innovations drive cost-effective and patient-centered healthcare practices.
    • Nurses play a pivotal role in adopting and implementing innovations by being open to changes, understanding the impact on their work areas, and developing innovative applications in practice.

    Week 11: Development and Design of Health Technologies

    • Genomics studies genetic material in an organism to understand disease trends to enable personalized healthcare.
    • Genomics Functions:
      • Analyzing personal genomes to predict disease risks
      • Facilitating personalized diagnosis and treatment.
      • Transforming conventional medical models
      • Widely applied in cancer diagnosis and treatment for personalized therapy
    • Barriers Addressed: Health Data Access, Economic Feasibility, and Regulatory Compliance

    Week 13: Health Technology in Clinics and Applications

    • Decision Support Systems (DSS): Essential tools that aid healthcare professionals in decision-making, especially in complex scenarios. Do not replace human decision-makers.
    • DSS Key Methods:
      • Decision Trees (flow diagrams)
      • Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) (analyzes large datasets for outcome predictions)
      • Statistical Methods (using data correlations to suggest solutions)
      • Rule-Based Methods ("if-then" logic)

    Week 15: Telemedicine and Tele Nursing

    • Telemedicine: Uses ICT to deliver remote healthcare services (diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and health education) in areas with limited access.
    • Telemedicine Specializations: Telepathology, Teledermatology, Teleradiology
    • Types of Telemedicine:
      • Synchronous (real-time interaction)
      • Asynchronous (delayed interaction)
    • Tele-nursing uses communication technologies to provide remote nursing care and support (via telephones, video calls, and digital platforms), and help assess patient health and offer guidance.
    • Tele-nursing Applications:
      • High-risk group consultations
      • Chronic disease management
      • Teletriage
      • Telecare

    Week 12: Nursing Care Technologies for Wound Care

    • Wound Dressings:
      • Alginate dressings: Absorb exudates, provide pain relief, and are suitable for wounds with high exudate.
      • Polyurethane transparent films: Create a moist environment, allow direct observation, and are suitable for dry wounds.
      • Hydrogel dressings: Hydrophilic polymers with high water content, ideal for dry wounds.
    • Other Wound Healing Techniques: Growth factors, prophylactic negative drainage, electrical stimulation, ultrasound, and hyperbaric oxygen therapy.

    Week 14: Respiratory System (Non-Invasive Ventilation)

    • Negative Pressure Ventilation (NNBV): Uses subatmospheric pressure around thorax/abdomen to facilitate air entry.
    • Positive Pressure Ventilation: Device delivers air into lungs by creating positive airway pressure.
    • Types:
    • Pressure-Targeted: Maintains effective ventilation
    • Volume-Targeted: Ensures specified air volume delivery
    • BiPAP : Alternates between inspiratory and expiratory pressures.
    • Nursing Interventions: Recognizing symptoms, monitoring oxygen levels, using pulse oximetry, teaching techniques like pursed lip breathing.

    Week 19-20: (Digital Chest Drainage Systems and Oximiter)

    • Digital chest drainage systems: Offer advanced functionality for monitoring air leakages, fluid drainage, and for overall respiratory health. -Oximiter: used for recognizing symptoms like hypercapnia, hypoxemia, dyspnea, orthopnea, confusion, lethargy, headache, irritability, altered mental status, increased respiratory rate, and facial flushing or sweating.

    Additional Resources

    • Additional resources are available on slides

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    Final Technology Summary PDF

    Description

    Explore the interconnected functions of Health Technology Regulation, Assessment, and Management in ensuring the safe use of medical devices. Learn how these processes contribute to compliance, decision-making, and operational efficiency within healthcare. This quiz delves into the critical roles each function plays in improving healthcare outcomes.

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