21 Questions
Who is credited with the discovery of the element Pluto?
Clyde Tombaugh
Which scientists are associated with the publication of the Big Bang Theory?
George Lemaitre, George Gamow, Ralph Alpher, Robert Herman
Who contributed to the discovery of viruses in Biology?
Dmitri Ivanovsky & Martinus Beijerinck
Which scientist is known for the idea of the occurrence of mutation in Biology?
Hugo de Vries
Who is credited with the discovery of paper chromatography in Chemistry?
Mikhail Tsvet
Which invention is associated with the field of Biotechnology?
DNA fingerprinting
During which period were articles made of iron?
Iron Age
Which revolution refers to the great scientific intellectual achievements in the period 1440 – 1690 AD?
Scientific Revolution
Who proposed the Universe model with the sun as the center of the universe during the Scientific Revolution?
Nicholas Copernicus
Which period subdivided into Dark Age and High Middle Age?
Middle Age
What major developments occurred in some parts of the world during the Middle Ages?
Scientific Revolution
Which revolution covers the technological innovations that led to substituting machines for human skills and forces?
Industrial Revolution
Who is credited with introducing the binomial nomenclature for classifying species?
Carolus Linnaeus
What was the significant contribution of Daniel Hale Williams in the field of medicine?
Performed the first open-heart surgery
Who is known for discovering the electron?
Joseph John Thomson
Which scientist made significant advancements in electromagnetism and electromagnetic radiation?
James Maxwell
What did Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier achieve in the field of chemistry?
Made chemistry a science; performed combustion experiments
Who is credited with the theory of relativity in physics?
Albert Einstein
'Discovery of proton and neutron' is associated with which scientists?
Ernest Rutherford and James Chadwick
'Development of high-temperature superconductors' is linked to which pair of scientists?
John Bardeen and Georg Bednorz
Which scientist presented galaxies as huge aggregations of stars and proposed the idea of the universe's expansion?
Edwin Hubble
Study Notes
Industrial Revolution
- Textile: Fly-shuttle increased weaving speed, Rude power loom for mechanized weaving, Cotton gin for separating cotton from seed
- Coal, Iron and Steel: Blast Furnace for cheaper and faster smelting, use of coke for iron smelting, Open heart process for refining steel
- Transportation: Mile-long canals, Steam boats, Puffing Billy pulled 8 coal wagons at 5mph, Macadamizing streets for more durable roads, Steam ships crossed the Atlantic
- Communication: Telegraph for sending/receiving messages, Telephone for long-distance communication, Radio for wireless communication
Scientific Advances
Physics
- Charles Augustine de Coulomb: Electrostatic
- Alessandro Volta: Cell or battery
- Hans Christian Oersted: Electricity generates magnetism
- Andrei-Marie Ampere: Electric current produces magnetism
- Paul Erman: Measured Earth's magnetism
- Michael Faraday: Magnetism generates electricity
- James Maxwell: Electromagnetic radiation
- Heinrich Hertz: Detected and produced radiowaves
- Wilhelm Roentgen: Discovered x-rays
Chemistry
- Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit: First mercury thermometer
- Benjamin Franklin: Distinguished negative and positive charges
- Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier: Made chemistry a science; performed combustion experiments
- Henry Cavendish: Combustion of oxygen produces water
- John Dalton: Atomic Theory
- Joseph John Thomson: Discovered electron
- Humphry Davy, Jons Jacob Berzeliu, and others: Discovered new elements
- Auguste Laurent and Charles Gerhardt: Pioneered organic chemistry
Biology
- Robert Hooke: Cell Biology
- Anton van Leeuwenhoek: Observed and discovered microorganisms
- Carolus Linnaeus: Introduced binomial nomenclature
- Charles Darwin: Theory of Evolution
- Louis Pasteur: Vaccine against rabies
- Wilhelm Wundt: Introduced experimental psychology
- Daniel Hale Williams: Performed the first open heart surgery
- Crawford Long: Used ether in surgery
- Martinus Beijenrick: Discovered the first known virus
20th Century to Date
Physics
- Albert Einstein: Theory of Relativity
- Ernest Rutherford and James Chadwick: Discovery of proton and neutron
- Wolfgang Pauli: Principle of arrangement of electrons in an atom
- Werner Heisenberg: Matrix version of quantum mechanics
- Otto Hahn: Discovery of Nuclear Fission
- John Bardeen: Theory to explain conductivity
- Karl Alexander Muller and Georg Bednorz: High-temperature conductor
Astronomy
- Edwin Hubble: Presentation of galaxies as huge aggregations of stars; Idea of expansion of the universe
- Clyde Tombaugh: Discovery of Pluto
- Karl Guthe Jansky: Radiowave discovery from space
- George Lemaitre, George Gamow, Ralph Alpher, Robert Herman: Publication of Big Bang Theory
- Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin: First walk on the moon
- Fritz Zwicky: Detection of possible dark matter evidence
Test your knowledge on the technological advancements during the industrial revolution, such as the fly-shuttle, power loom, cotton gin, blast furnace, and open hearth process. Learn about innovations in textiles, coal, iron, steel, and transportation.
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