Industrial Revolution Impacts

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Questions and Answers

What material replaced iron during the Industrial Revolution, leading to advancements in machinery and transportation?

  • Copper
  • Steel (correct)
  • Plastic
  • Aluminum

Which invention by Thomas Edison contributed significantly to the illumination of homes and cities?

  • Electric generator
  • Telegraph
  • Light bulb (correct)
  • Typewriter

Which transportation development was powered by petroleum during the Industrial Revolution?

  • Bicycle
  • Internal combustion engine (correct)
  • Steam ship
  • Horse-drawn carriage

What major change did Henry Ford's assembly line introduce during the Industrial Revolution?

<p>Higher wages and lower costs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a negative impact of the Industrial Revolution on workers, according to the concerns raised at the time?

<p>Formation of social political parties and labor unions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Karl Marx, what societal division did industrial capitalism create?

<p>Between bourgeoisie and proletariat (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant communication advancement during the Industrial Revolution?

<p>First long-distance radio transmission (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the primary reasons for the establishment of labor unions during the Industrial Revolution?

<p>To address poor working conditions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Steel

A stronger material that replaced iron in manufacturing, enabling the creation of faster and lighter machinery, ships, and railways. It played a crucial role in the Industrial Revolution.

Electricity

A powerful energy source that revolutionized the Industrial Revolution, powering homes, factories, and cities. It enabled 24-hour operation and fueled the production of goods.

Communication Technology

The invention of the telephone and radio dramatically improved communication, connecting people globally and facilitating trade.

Transportation Revolution

The rise of street cars, steam ships, railroads, and subways transformed transportation in major European cities, boosting global trade and the economy.

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Henry Ford's Assembly Line

A production system that increased the efficiency of manufacturing, leading to higher wages and lower costs for consumers. This method was key to mass production.

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Negative Impacts of Industrialization

The Industrial Revolution created terrible working conditions in factories, giving rise to labor unions and social political parties to improve worker rights.

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Marx's View of Industrial Capitalism

Karl Marx, a philosopher, believed that the Industrial Revolution led to a division between the wealthy (bourgeoisie) and the working class (proletariat) who were exploited by capitalists.

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Communist View of Industrialism

A socialist ideology that criticizes industrial capitalism. It argues that private property should be abolished to address issues like overproduction and unemployment.

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Study Notes

Factors Affecting the Revolution

  • Steel replaced iron, with Great Britain, France, Germany, and Belgium producing over 32 million tons
  • Steel use increased in faster/lighter machinery, ships, and railways

Electricity

  • Electricity rose, converting to other energy forms
  • Practical generators (electric current, hydroelectric, coal-fired steam) were developed
  • The light bulb (Thomas Edison, Joseph Swan) lit homes and cities, 24-hour factories supplied market demand

Communication

  • Communication connected people, easier trade
  • Alexander Graham Bell (telephone, 1876) and Guglielmo Marconi (long-distance radio, 1901) changed communication perception

Transportation

  • Transportation changes: street cars, steam ships, railroads, subways
  • Petroleum (new power source) led to world economy growth
  • Internal combustion engine (1903) led to the first flight (Orville and Wilbur Wright)
  • Regular passenger air service (1919)

Impact on People's Lives

  • Henry Ford's assembly line increased goods production efficiency, higher wages, lower cost goods
  • Industrial revolution made society harder on workers (unfavorable conditions in factories)

Industrial Revolution & Society

  • Social political parties and labor unions formed due to horrible working conditions
  • Karl Marx (capitalism's negative impact), society divided into bourgeoisie (middle-class) and proletariat (working class)
  • Communists viewed overproduction of goods as creating useless people, advocating for abolition of private property

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