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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a team, as defined in the provided content?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a team, as defined in the provided content?
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a benefit of informal groups within organizations?
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a benefit of informal groups within organizations?
Which of the following is a potential challenge associated with teams?
Which of the following is a potential challenge associated with teams?
Based on the provided content, social loafing is more likely to occur when:
Based on the provided content, social loafing is more likely to occur when:
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According to the provided content, what is one factor potentially contributing to the formation of informal groups within organizations?
According to the provided content, what is one factor potentially contributing to the formation of informal groups within organizations?
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The team effectiveness model, as discussed in the content, does NOT include which of the following factors influencing team effectiveness?
The team effectiveness model, as discussed in the content, does NOT include which of the following factors influencing team effectiveness?
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According to the content, which of the following is a typical characteristic of self-directed teams?
According to the content, which of the following is a typical characteristic of self-directed teams?
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What is a potential drawback associated with teams compared to individual work?
What is a potential drawback associated with teams compared to individual work?
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What are the two main processes involved in team development?
What are the two main processes involved in team development?
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Which of the following is NOT a type of team building activity?
Which of the following is NOT a type of team building activity?
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How can dysfunctional team norms be prevented or changed?
How can dysfunctional team norms be prevented or changed?
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Which of the following factors contributes to stronger team cohesion?
Which of the following factors contributes to stronger team cohesion?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of a task-work role?
Which of the following is a characteristic of a task-work role?
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What level of trust is characterized by a strong sense of shared identity and values?
What level of trust is characterized by a strong sense of shared identity and values?
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How does team cohesion affect performance?
How does team cohesion affect performance?
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In the adjourning stage of team development, the focus shifts from:
In the adjourning stage of team development, the focus shifts from:
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Which of the following factors contribute to the success of a self-directed team?
Which of the following factors contribute to the success of a self-directed team?
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Which of the following is NOT a success factor for remote teams?
Which of the following is NOT a success factor for remote teams?
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What is the main cause of 'production blocking' in team decision-making?
What is the main cause of 'production blocking' in team decision-making?
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What is the main disadvantage of brainstorming?
What is the main disadvantage of brainstorming?
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Which of the following is NOT considered a creative team structure?
Which of the following is NOT considered a creative team structure?
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What is the primary advantage of brainwriting over brainstorming?
What is the primary advantage of brainwriting over brainstorming?
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Which of the following is least likely to hinder creative team structures?
Which of the following is least likely to hinder creative team structures?
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Which of the following is NOT a general guideline for making team decisions?
Which of the following is NOT a general guideline for making team decisions?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a well-structured task suitable for teamwork?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a well-structured task suitable for teamwork?
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What is the key factor in minimizing social loafing?
What is the key factor in minimizing social loafing?
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Which stage of team development is characterized by conflict and competition for roles?
Which stage of team development is characterized by conflict and competition for roles?
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What is the primary benefit of team diversity?
What is the primary benefit of team diversity?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the performing stage of team development?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the performing stage of team development?
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What is the primary reason for favoring smaller teams?
What is the primary reason for favoring smaller teams?
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Which of the following is a disadvantage of team diversity?
Which of the following is a disadvantage of team diversity?
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What are the '5Cs' of teamwork discussed in the content?
What are the '5Cs' of teamwork discussed in the content?
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Flashcards
Social Loafing
Social Loafing
Tendency of individuals to exert less effort in a team than alone.
Minimizing Social Loafing
Minimizing Social Loafing
Strategies to reduce individual relaxation in teams include forming smaller teams and measuring performance.
Team Effectiveness Model
Team Effectiveness Model
A framework assessing factors like environment, structure, and leadership that influence team success.
Task Interdependence
Task Interdependence
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Team Size
Team Size
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Team Composition
Team Composition
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Stages of Team Development
Stages of Team Development
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Task Work vs. Teamwork
Task Work vs. Teamwork
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Adjourning
Adjourning
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Team Identification
Team Identification
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Team Mental Models
Team Mental Models
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Role Characteristics
Role Characteristics
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Team Building
Team Building
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Team Norms
Team Norms
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Team Cohesion
Team Cohesion
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Trust in Teams
Trust in Teams
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Swift Trust
Swift Trust
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Self-Directed Teams
Self-Directed Teams
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Factors for Self-Directed Teams
Factors for Self-Directed Teams
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Remote Teams
Remote Teams
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Effective Teamwork Behaviors
Effective Teamwork Behaviors
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Team Decision-Making Constraints
Team Decision-Making Constraints
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Creative Brainstorming Rules
Creative Brainstorming Rules
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Brainwriting
Brainwriting
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Team Dynamics
Team Dynamics
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Informal Groups
Informal Groups
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Characteristics of Self-Directed Teams
Characteristics of Self-Directed Teams
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Cohesion in Teams
Cohesion in Teams
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Process Losses
Process Losses
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Team Decision Making
Team Decision Making
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Study Notes
Chapter Eight: Team Dynamics
- Organizational behavior, ninth edition, by McShane and Von Glinow, is the source for this chapter.
- Learning is the central theme of this text as it changes everything.
- Learning objectives include discussing team benefits/limitations, informal group employee joining reasons, and team effectiveness models.
- Task characteristics, team size, and team composition are key influences on team effectiveness.
- Team processes like development, norms, cohesion, and trust influence team effectiveness.
- Characteristics and factors required for self-directed and remote team success are noted.
- Constraints on team decision-making and advantages/disadvantages of various team decision-making structures are identified.
Types of Teams
- Permanence: How long does the team exist?
- Skill diversity: Measures the variety of member skills and knowledge.
- Authority dispersion: The distribution of decision-making within the team.
What are Teams?
- Teams are groups of two or more people.
- Teams exist to fulfill a purpose.
- Teams are interdependent and have a need for collaboration.
- Team members influence each other and perceive themselves as a team.
Informal Groups
- Informal groups exist primarily for their members' benefit.
- Reasons for informal group existence include innate drive to bond, social identity, goal accomplishment, and emotional support.
- Informal groups can benefit organizations.
Advantages and Challenges of Teams
- Advantages: Better decisions, higher motivation due to shared effort and outcomes, and better information exchange.
- Challenges: Process losses and social loafing (reduced effort by some members).
Social Loafing Causes and Remedies
- Social loafing is more common when individual performances are unidentifiable or motivation is low.
- Team dynamics can affect employee motivation.
- Remedies include forming smaller teams, specializing tasks, measuring individual performance, increasing job enrichment, and raising social loafing awareness.
Team Effectiveness Model
- The model shows the relationship between team design, organizational environment, team processes, and team effectiveness.
- Team design includes task characteristics, team size, and composition.
- The organizational/team environment includes rewards, communication, structure, leadership, and physical space
- Team processes include development, norms, cohesion, and trust.
- Team effectiveness includes accomplishing tasks, satisfying member needs, and maintaining survival
Organization and Team Environment
- Includes factors like reward systems, organizational structure, communication, leadership, and physical space.
Team Design: Best Task Characteristics
- Complex tasks are divisible into specialized roles.
- Well-structured tasks have low variability and high analyzability.
- Higher task interdependence strengthens teams.
Levels of Task Interdependence
- This concept details different degrees of task dependency.
- Pooled interdependence, sequential interdependence, and reciprocal interdependence are three recognized types.
Team Size
- Smaller teams are generally more effective due to less process loss, higher member engagement, and faster development.
- The optimal team size depends on what needs to be accomplished.
Team Composition
- Team members must participate in task tasks and teamwork.
- Teamwork involves completing assigned task works.
- Effective 5Cs of teamwork support team-working efforts.
- Conflict handling is critical for effective teams; the best approach is appropriate to the situation.
- The effectiveness of team members is influenced by a variety of factors such as empathy, providing emotional comfort, building confidence, communication, coordination, and alignment.
- Team diversity brings advantages (different perspectives) but can also lead to slower development.
Team Process: Stages of Team Development
- Team development follows stages including forming (learning about each other), storming (conflict and competition), norming (roles and consensus), performing (high cooperation), and adjourning (disbanding).
Team Development: Identities and Mental Models
- Team development involves developing team identification and mental models/coordinating routines.
Team Development: Team Roles
- Team roles involve expected behaviors, perceived value to the team and the organization, attachment to other team members, and acquisition (formal or informal).
- Different types of roles like task-work and team-work exist.
Team Development: Team Building
- This concerns formal activities conducted to improve team development and functioning.
- Techniques like goal setting, problem-solving, role clarification, and interpersonal relations are included.
- Effective team building depends on specific circumstances.
Team Process: Team Norms
- Teams develop shared expectations, informal rules to regulate behavior.
- Norms are shaped by initial experiences, critical events, and existing member values and experience.
- Preventing dysfunctional norms involves setting clear, desired norms that are aligned with preferred values, and introducing counter-rewards.
Team Process: Team Cohesion
- Team cohesion is the degree of attraction members feel toward the team.
- Higher cohesion is often seen in smaller teams with high member similarity, frequent interaction, difficult team entry processes, successful teams, and external competition.
Team Cohesion and Performance
- High cohesion is linked to greater motivation, better information sharing, higher coworker satisfaction, better social support, and faster conflict resolution.
- High cohesion increases performance when task interdependence and team norms align with organizational objectives.
Trust in Teams
- Trust is positive expectations one has toward another person or group involving risk.
- Three trust levels exist: calculus-based (low), knowledge-based and identification-based (high).
- Swift trust is often seen when new team members join.
Self-Directed Teams
- Self-directed teams are cross-functional groups focused on specific work processes and responsible for completing tasks.
- Factors crucial for success include autonomy over task choices, team responsibility for the entire work process, high interdependence within the team, limited interaction with other teams, support for work organization, and coordination.
Remote (Virtual/Distributed) Teams
- Team remoteness is related to geographical dispersion, member work locations, and interaction frequency.
- Effective remote teams need strong individual members, diverse communication channels, clear task structure, and face-to-face interaction opportunities.
Team Decision-Making Constraints
- Time constraints (e.g., production blocking, coordination).
- Aversion to evaluation ("evaluation apprehension", reluctance to express unusual ideas).
- Peer pressure, inhibiting differing opinions.
- Overconfidence ("inflated team efficacy").
General Guidelines for Team Decisions
- Checks and balances should limit domination by any one team member.
- Optimal team size should be maintained.
- Team confidence should be encouraged without being excessively overconfident.
- Norms should encourage critical thinking.
- Psychological safety should be cultivated and maintained.
- Structures that promote innovation and creativity should be introduced.
Creative Team Structures: Brainstorming
- Brainstorming rules: individuals speak freely, ideas are not criticized, as many ideas are presented as possible, and ideas are built upon.
- Success in brainstorming is largely related to skilled facilitators, empowered employees, and a psychologically safe environment.
- Brainstorming can be limited by production blocking and the conformity effect.
Other Creative Team Structures
- Brainwriting (brainstorming without conversation) is a similar approach, avoiding production blocking more effectively.
- Electronic brainstorming leverages technology, potentially mitigating evaluation apprehension and conformity concerns.
- The nominal group technique combines brainwriting with a verbal discussion stage. This strategy might also be called "round robin" for its approach.
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Description
Test your knowledge on team dynamics, characteristics of teams, and the benefits and challenges associated with working in groups. This quiz covers key concepts such as social loafing, informal groups, and team development processes. Challenge yourself to understand what makes teams effective or dysfunctional.