Teaching Phases and Maxims Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which phase of teaching focuses on evaluating the teaching process and planning future improvements?

  • Post Active Phase (correct)
  • Pre-Active Phase
  • Interactive Phase
  • Assessment Phase

What is the primary focus of the Pre-Active phase in teaching?

  • Conducting group activities
  • Planning and organizing teaching strategies (correct)
  • Presenting subject matter
  • Assessing student understanding

Which maxim of teaching emphasizes starting lessons from students' existing knowledge?

  • From known to unknown (correct)
  • From concrete to abstract
  • From simple to complex
  • From analysis to synthesis

What does the Interactive phase of teaching primarily involve?

<p>Execution of teaching strategies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which maxim suggests presenting easier concepts before moving to more complex ideas?

<p>From simple to complex (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of maxims of teaching, what does 'From concrete to abstract' imply?

<p>Use visual aids before theoretical concepts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the analysis to synthesis process in teaching?

<p>To simplify complex problems for better understanding (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of the Pre-Active phase?

<p>Conducting group activities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should a teacher always prioritize when presenting information?

<p>Particular statements before general conclusions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes empirical knowledge?

<p>Knowledge based on observable experience (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct order of teaching methods from a logical standpoint?

<p>Induction followed by deduction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the basic teaching model of Glaser, what does 'Entering Behaviour' refer to?

<p>The previous knowledge and skills of the students (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of starting instruction from a psychological approach?

<p>To create interest based on student's abilities and development (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major goal of teaching?

<p>To create effective learners (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the whole-to-parts concept in teaching, how should topics be introduced?

<p>By presenting an overview of the entire topic first (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is NOT essential for effective teaching?

<p>Teacher-centered instruction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of Glaser's teaching model primarily focuses on the goals of instruction?

<p>Instructional Objectives (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Glaser's model suggest is crucial to assess after instruction?

<p>Performance Assessment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does learning take place according to cognitive constructivism?

<p>By constructing knowledge individually (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What describes the relationship between teaching and learning?

<p>They are interdependent and mutually supportive. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which scenario is teaching considered most effective?

<p>When it facilitates optimal learning (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes terminal behavior in the teaching process?

<p>It is the final stage of the learning process. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is NOT a focus within instructional procedures?

<p>Measuring cognitive abilities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary aspect of performance assessment?

<p>Observing and testing comprehensive learning outcomes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a fundamental principle of behaviorism?

<p>Learning is driven by stimulus-response relationships. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about cognitivism is correct?

<p>Perception and reasoning are key cognitive processes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant focus of constructivism?

<p>Knowledge construction through diverse interactions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What implication does the teaching model have about the teacher’s personality?

<p>Competence is more important than personality. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT true about feedback in behaviorism?

<p>It can cause confusion in stimulus-response processes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Pre-Active Phase of Teaching

The preparation stage before teaching. This involves defining learning outcomes, choosing content, planning strategies, and preparing assessment procedures.

Interactive Phase of Teaching

The actual implementation of the teaching process. It involves checking prior knowledge, delivering the lesson, facilitating activities, asking questions, and observing student learning.

Post Active Phase of Teaching

The phase of evaluating the teaching process and reflecting on its effectiveness. This includes analyzing teaching methods, identifying areas for improvement, and planning for future adjustments.

From Known to Unknown

A general principle that suggests teaching should start with familiar knowledge or concepts and gradually introduce unfamiliar ones.

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From Simple to Complex

A principle that advocates for introducing simple concepts before complex ones to ensure comprehension.

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From Concrete to Abstract

A principle that emphasizes teaching through sensory experiences and tangible objects.

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From Analysis to Synthesis

A principle that suggests breaking down complex ideas into smaller parts and then reassembling them.

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Maxims of Teaching

General principles or guidelines that make teaching interesting, engaging, and effective.

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Entering Behavior

The starting point of teaching, it describes what students already know, their abilities, and their motivation before instruction begins.

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Instructional Objectives

The desired learning outcomes that students should achieve at the end of a lesson or instruction.

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Instructional Procedures

The steps and methods used to deliver the lesson, including teaching strategies, activities, and resources.

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Performance Assessment

Methods used to evaluate student learning and determine if the instructional objectives have been met.

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Behaviorism: Learning as a Behavioral Change

Learning involves a change in an individual's behavior, triggered by connecting stimuli and responses.

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Cognitivism: Learning Through Cognitive Processes

Learning is a process of modifying the structures of our cognitive system. We absorb, process, and store information from our environment.

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Constructivism: Knowledge Construction

Knowledge is constructed actively through experiences and interactions with the environment. Individuals build their own understanding.

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From Particular to General

Teaching that begins with specific examples and gradually leads to general principles or rules.

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From Empirical to Rational

Teaching that begins with observations and experiences, then moves to logical reasoning and explanations.

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Observable and Measurable Changes in Behaviorism

Behaviorism emphasizes observable and measurable behavioral changes as a result of learning.

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From Induction to Deduction

Teaching that begins with inductive reasoning, drawing general conclusions from specific examples, then moves to deductive reasoning, applying general principles to new situations.

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Cognitive Processes in Cognitivism

Cognitivism focuses on mental processes like perception, reasoning, and memory as key to learning.

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Experience and Interaction in Constructivism

Constructivism emphasizes the role of personal experiences and interactions in building understanding.

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Feedback and Reinforcement in Behaviorism

Behaviorism highlights feedback and reinforcement as crucial elements in the learning process.

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Stimulating Environments in Cognitivism

Cognitivism emphasizes the importance of interacting with stimulating environments to encourage thinking.

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Learning

The process where learners acquire knowledge, skills, values, beliefs, and attitudes through various interactions, experiences, and practices.

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Teaching

A planned process of guiding learners to achieve desired outcomes by providing information, facilitating interactions, creating learning environments, and assessing progress.

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Constructivism

This theory emphasizes that individuals construct their own understanding of the world through experiences and interactions. Learning is an active process of building knowledge, not just passively receiving it.

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Interdependence of Teaching and Learning

The idea that teaching and learning are closely connected and depend on each other for effectiveness. Learning is the goal of teaching, and teaching enhances learning.

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Social Constructivism

This emphasizes the role of social interactions, collaboration, and communication in learning. Learning is seen as a process of constructing knowledge together with others.

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Study Notes

Teaching Phases

  • Teaching is the process of interaction between teachers and students to acquire knowledge, skills, attitudes, and values.
  • Teaching has three phases: pre-active, interactive, and post-active.

Pre-Active Phase (Planning)

  • This phase is about planning for teaching.
  • It includes defining learning outcomes.
  • Selecting, analyzing, and organizing content.
  • Planning assessment procedures.
  • Planning enrichment activities.
  • Reviewing relevant materials.

Interactive Phase (Execution)

  • This phase involves executing the teaching process.
  • Assessing prior knowledge.
  • Presenting the subject matter.
  • Conducting group activities and discussions.
  • Asking questions.
  • Observing learners.
  • Giving assignments.
  • Correcting errors.
  • Clarifying doubts.

Post-Active Phase (Evaluation)

  • This is the evaluation or reflection phase.
  • Analyzing teaching procedures.
  • Identifying teaching gaps and problems.
  • Planning for future improvements.

Maxims of Teaching

  • Maxims are general truths and principles that make teaching interesting, active, and effective.
  • Start teaching from what students already know (from known to unknown).
  • Introduce simple topics before complex ones (from simple to complex).
  • Use concrete examples before abstract concepts (from concrete to abstract).
  • Break down complex topics into smaller parts, then synthesize them (from analysis to synthesis).
  • Start with specific examples, then move towards general principles (from particular to general).
  • Begin with practical experience before abstract reasoning (from empirical to rational).

Glaser's Teaching Model

  • Glaser's model divides the teaching process into four components: instructional objectives, entering behavior, instructional procedures, and performance assessment.
  • Instructional objectives are the learning outcomes students should achieve.
  • Entering behavior represents the student's prior knowledge and skills.
  • Instructional procedures describe the teaching methods used.
  • Performance assessment measures the student's progress and achievement.

Learning Based on Different Approaches

  • Behaviorism: Learning is a change in observable behavior; learning occurs through stimulus-response connections, with reinforcement and feedback playing a key role.
  • Cognitivism: Learning involves changes in cognitive structures; information processing, memory, and thinking are key elements.
  • Constructivism: Learners actively construct their own knowledge by interacting with their environment; prior knowledge and experiences are crucial to learning.

Interdependence of Teaching and Learning

  • Teaching is a multidimensional process that encompasses teacher, learner, learning resources, learning environment, and learning process.
  • Teaching aims to help students acquire knowledge, skills, and understanding.
  • Teaching should focus on creating effective learners who can apply knowledge and develop wisdom.
  • Learning is a dynamic process of acquiring knowledge and skills from practice and experience.
  • Teaching and learning are deeply interdependent; teaching affects learning, and learning shapes teaching.

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