Teaching in Today's Inclusive Classrooms Chapter 1

Questions and Answers

Who are the various types of learners in today's classrooms?

Students with disabilities, students who are gifted and talented, students who are culturally & linguistically diverse, students at risk.

What is FAPE?

Free, appropriate public education - a student right.

What is LRE?

Least restrictive environment.

What is Inclusion?

The movement toward educating students with disabilities alongside their peers with necessary supports. Signup and view all the answers

What does UDL stand for?

Universal Design for Learning. Signup and view all the answers

What is the vision of UDL?

An instructional framework for diversifying instruction. Signup and view all the answers

What are educational standards?

General statements of what students should know and be able to do. Signup and view all the answers

What are some differences between IDEA and Section 504?

IDEA covers ages 3-22, has specific categories for disabilities, receives federal funding; Section 504 covers all ages, has a broader definition of disability, and does not receive funding. Signup and view all the answers

What are the three strategic networks of Learning within the UDL framework?

Recognition network, strategic network, and affective network. Signup and view all the answers

This learning network defined within the UDL framework is the 'What' of learning?

Recognition. Signup and view all the answers

This learning network defined within the UDL framework is the 'How' of learning?

Strategic. Signup and view all the answers

This learning network defined within the UDL framework is the 'Why' of learning?

Affective. Signup and view all the answers

What is differentiated instruction?

An instructional process offering flexibility to meet diverse student needs. Signup and view all the answers

What are evidenced-based practices?

Scientifically validated instructional practices. Signup and view all the answers

What is response to intervention (RTI)?

A method to determine if a pupil responds to validated interventions. Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of special education students are placed in a general ed classroom?

61% Signup and view all the answers

What did Brown vs Board of Education (1954) achieve for students with disabilities?

It laid the foundation for the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. Signup and view all the answers

What is Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973?

A federal law protecting the rights of individuals with disabilities. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Americans With Disabilities Act?

A comprehensive civil rights law prohibiting discrimination based on disability. Signup and view all the answers

What does inclusive learning look like?

A school community where children learn academic and citizenship skills together. Signup and view all the answers

What unique perception does Helen Turnbull have on inclusion?

Inclusion is complex and requires effort, not just sameness. Signup and view all the answers

As diverse learners increase in schools, what else should increase?

The need for more inclusionary practices and instructional strategies. Signup and view all the answers

What was once perceived as a privilege for students with disabilities?

A fundamental right. Signup and view all the answers

What did the court rule in Shaffer vs Weast (2005)?

General education placement with supports must be offered before considering segregated placements. Signup and view all the answers

Who is the largest group of diverse learners?

Students with disabilities. Signup and view all the answers

Students who are gifted and talented fall under which category?

Exceptional. Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of at-risk students?

Any child exposed to adverse experiences such as violence or poverty. Signup and view all the answers

What is the continuum/cascade of service delivery?

A concept that effective special education requires various settings for learners. Signup and view all the answers

What does referring to individuals with special needs from a people-first perspective reflect?

The belief that all students are people first and have the potential to learn. Signup and view all the answers

What did Hobson vs Hansen (1967) find about standardized tests?

That tracking based on biased tests violated the equal protection clause. Signup and view all the answers

What did the Education for All Handicapped Children Act/IDEA mandate?

A free and appropriate public education for all students with disabilities. Signup and view all the answers

What does the Title I/Handicapped Infants and Toddlers Program require?

A multidisciplinary assessment of eligible children and families and an individualized family service plan. Signup and view all the answers

What does the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act, 2004 require?

All students participate in assessments with necessary accommodations. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Learner Diversity in Classrooms

Classrooms today include a variety of learners: students with disabilities, gifted and talented students, culturally and linguistically diverse students, and at-risk students.
Importance of understanding diverse needs to promote effective teaching strategies.

Legal Foundations of Education

FAPE: Stands for Free, Appropriate Public Education, ensuring every student has the right to public education.
LRE: Least Restrictive Environment mandates education for individuals should be as close to a general education setting as possible.
IDEA vs. Section 504: IDEA is an educational law for students ages 3-22 with 13 categories of disability; Section 504 is broader, covering individuals of all ages without specific categories.

Inclusion and Instructional Frameworks

Inclusion: Educating students with disabilities alongside peers in general classrooms, providing necessary supports.
UDL (Universal Design for Learning): An instructional approach designed to meet diverse student needs through built-in adaptations, making education accessible to all.
UDL vision is to diversify instruction, making general education curriculum accessible to each student.

Instructional Strategies

Differentiated Instruction: Allows flexibility for teachers to accommodate varying learning styles and needs, providing appropriate challenges and support.
Evidence-Based Practices: A focus on scientifically validated teaching strategies proven effective through research.
Response to Intervention (RTI): A practice to assess student response to targeted interventions to identify learning disabilities.

Statistical Insights

Approximately 61% of students receiving special education are placed in general education classrooms.

Historical Context

Brown v. Board of Education (1954): Established the foundation for educational rights for children with disabilities, leading to the IDEA.
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act (1973): Protects rights of individuals with disabilities in federally funded programs.
Americans With Disabilities Act (1990): Comprehensive civil rights law prohibiting discrimination against people with disabilities.

Community and Learning

Inclusive learning fosters a school community where students play diverse roles and learn to collaborate, manage conflict, and acquire citizenship skills.
Emphasizes that inclusion requires ongoing effort and sensitivity to unconscious biases affecting decision-making.

Increasing Diversity and Needs

As diversity among learners increases, there is a heightened necessity for implementation of inclusionary practices and instructional strategies to cater to complex learning needs.
The perception of education as a fundamental right for students with disabilities has evolved from being viewed as a privilege.

Case Law Contributions

Shaffer vs. Weast (2005): Established that general education placement with appropriate aids must be considered before segregating students.
Hobson vs. Hansen (1967): Highlighted inequities in tracking based on biased tests, violating equal protection under the 14th amendment.

Legislative Milestones

IDEA: Mandates free and appropriate public education for students with disabilities.
Title I/Handicapped Infants and Toddlers Program: Requires individualized assessments and family service plans for eligible children.

Continuous Improvement in Education

Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (2004) mandates that all students participate in standardized assessments, accommodating diverse needs as outlined in Individualized Education Programs (IEPs).

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Description

This quiz focuses on key concepts from Chapter 1 of 'Teaching in Today's Inclusive Classrooms'. It covers various types of learners, principles like FAPE and LRE, and the importance of inclusivity in education. Test your knowledge and understanding of this crucial aspect of modern teaching.