TCP/IP Model Quiz
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What is the primary function of the Application layer in the TCP/IP model?

  • It manages the delivery of data between hosts.
  • It terminates network connections.
  • It provides error checking for packet delivery.
  • It ensures a connection to an appropriate network port. (correct)

    • Which transport protocol in the TCP/IP model is connection-oriented?

  • TCP (correct)
  • SYN
  • UDP
  • FTP

    • What type of packet is exchanged first when establishing a TCP connection?

  • Data packet
  • SYN packet (correct)
  • SYN + ACK packet
  • ACK packet

    • Which of the following accurately describes TCP's role in data transmission?

    <p>Establishes the connection and manages data transfer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the third packet exchanged in a TCP handshake?

    <p>ACK packet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does ICANN stand for?

    <p>Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which key function is NOT provided by TCP?

    <p>Data compression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many total layers are there in the TCP/IP model?

    <p>4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What frequency do microwave ovens operate on that is also used by 802.11b/g/n devices?

    <p>2.4GHz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you consult to determine the optimum load capacity for users connecting to an access point?

    <p>Access point documentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which command can be used to verify the IP address assigned by an access point?

    <p>ipconfig</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential issue when connecting your wireless device to a public hotspot?

    <p>Data traffic visibility to unauthorized users</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which wireless channel is the default for 802.11b and 802.11g routers?

    <p>Channel 6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can obstruct the signal of a wireless antenna?

    <p>Metal surfaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do if you re-configured your SSID while traveling and want to return to your home network?

    <p>Reset your SSID</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these security protocols should be enabled to protect data traffic on a public network?

    <p>WPA2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of an access point in a wireless network?

    <p>To manage the connection between mobile devices and the internet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is most critical before installing a wireless network?

    <p>Potential RF interferences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one way to troubleshoot a non-responsive access point?

    <p>Reboot the access point by unplugging it and plugging it back in</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be measured to ensure a good connection in a wireless network?

    <p>Signal strength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can physical obstructions affect a wireless network?

    <p>They can cause a loss in signal strength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these devices is NOT typically considered a part of a wireless LAN setup?

    <p>Network switches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common source of frequency interference in a wireless network?

    <p>Microwave ovens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is planning important for a multipoint wireless distribution?

    <p>It helps in optimizing signal strength and coverage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of protocol is UDP?

    <p>Connectionless protocol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the host at port 21 acknowledges the FIN packet?

    <p>The TCP connection is closed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of applications is UDP especially useful?

    <p>Videoconferencing and audio feeds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are UDP packets typically transferred over the network?

    <p>Without establishing a connection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the length of the packets 138, 139, and 140 during the UDP transfer?

    <p>789 bytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of UDP concerning acknowledgment of data packets?

    <p>It does not send any acknowledgements back.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protocols are defined as part of the TCP/IP Internet Layer?

    <p>IP, ARP, ICMP, IGMP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the termination of a UDP data transfer?

    <p>The source stops sending data packets.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the packet identified as 'SYN' in the TCP handshake?

    <p>It synchronizes sequence numbers between the hosts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which port number is designated as the source port in the initial connection setup for FTP?

    <p>1054</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the destination port 21 play in the context of establishing a TCP connection?

    <p>It is the typical port for FTP operations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many packets are exchanged in the initial TCP handshake process?

    <p>Three</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the TCP handshake, which packet follows the 'SYN' packet sent by the initiating host?

    <p>SYN-ACK</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the abbreviation 'TCP' stand for in networking?

    <p>Transmission Control Protocol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which host in the example initiates the TCP connection for an FTP transfer?

    <p>Host A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the source and destination ports in a TCP packet?

    <p>The source port identifies the sender, while the destination port identifies the receiver.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the ACK number indicate in the TCP communication process?

    <p>The acknowledgement of packet receipt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the FIN packet in the TCP termination process?

    <p>To indicate that data transmission is complete</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which packet is sent by Host A to indicate that it received packet 2 from Host B?

    <p>Packet 3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many packets are exchanged in the initial TCP handshake?

    <p>Three</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct order of steps for terminating a TCP connection?

    <p>FIN from Host B, ACK from Host A, FIN from Host A, ACK from Host B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of a TCP packet, what does SEQ# represent?

    <p>The unique identifier for each packet in sequence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which host initiates the TCP termination process by sending the first FIN packet?

    <p>Host B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the sequence number increment by during the acknowledgment process?

    <p>One</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Chapter 4-4 - Bluetooth, WiMAX, RFID, and Mobile Communications

    • This chapter examines three wireless technologies: Bluetooth, WiMAX, and RFID.
    • Bluetooth uses the 802.15 standard to connect computers, mobile phones, and devices.
    • Data transmission occurs over the 2.4 GHz ISM frequency band, which is also used by 802.11b, g, n.
    • Three output power classes exist for Bluetooth, with varying maximum output power and operating distances (see Table 11-5).
    • When a Bluetooth device is enabled, it uses an inquiry procedure to discover available Bluetooth devices.
    • The paging procedure synchronizes the connection between two Bluetooth devices, forming a piconet.
    • A piconet is an ad-hoc network of up to eight devices, with one device acting as the master.
    • WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) is a broadband wireless system designed for fixed and mobile broadband access.
    • WiMAX operates in the 2 GHz to 66 GHz frequency range.
    • Fixed station WiMAX access can cover up to 30 miles, while mobile access is 3-10 miles.
    • WiMAX offers adaptable channel sizes (3.5 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz), which ensures compatibility globally and optimizes data transfer rates.
    • The WiMAX MAC layer differs from Wi-Fi, as WiMAX units only need one access attempt.
    • WiMAX has a range of up to 31 miles and operates in both point-to-point and point-to-multipoint configurations.
    • WiMAX is useful for last-mile connections, providing a cost-effective alternative.
    • RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) uses radio waves to track and identify people, animals, objects, and shipments using the principle of modulated backscatter.
    • The RFID system consists of RFID tags (transponders) with integrated antennas and radio electronics, and readers (transceivers) that transmit radio waves to activate tags.
    • RFID systems have three parameters: powering the tag, frequency of operation, and communications protocol.
    • RFID tags are classified as passive, semi-active, or active based on their power source.
    • RFID operation frequencies include LF (125/134 kHz), HF (13.56 MHz), and UHF (860-960 MHz and 2.4 GHz).
    • The Slotted Aloha protocol is used for RFID communications, reducing data collisions.
    • Mobile communication technologies like CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) and LTE (Long Term Evolution - 4G) are briefly introduced.
    • 3G/4G and HSPA+ provide broadband wireless services.

    Chapter 4-5 - Configuring a Point-to-Point Wireless LAN - A Case Study

    • The chapter presents a proposal for a point-to-multipoint wireless network for a company.
    • Company administrators want a wireless connection for employees back to the company's network.
    • A site survey of the proposed antenna site on a hill 1 km from the home network is conducted.
    • The site has a tower for mounting the antenna and clear views for 6 km in any direction.
    • A wireless bridge connects the home network to the distribution point.
    • Three antenna options (Omni, Yagi, Dish) are considered. Each has various costs and ranges.
    • The administrators choose antenna A (omni-directional) for the site tower and this provides enough coverage for the 2 Mbps link needed for the remote users.
    • An RF site survey verifies the signal quality of the selected antenna.
    • Detailed measurements are taken from multiple locations within the planned coverage area.
    • Remote user installations require a directional antenna (Yagi) plus a mount, lightning arrestor, and wireless bridge; this data link is for a 2 Mbps connection.
    • The chosen antenna (Yagi) provides sufficient RF signal level for remote users.
    • Each remote user needs a wireless bridge and switch to connect multiple users.

    Chapter 4-6 - Troubleshooting Wireless Networks

    • This section explains common techniques for troubleshooting wireless networks.

    • Wireless networks, though easier to use, can sometimes fail.

    • Checking hardware-related issues in wireless networks often involves the access point as the primary device.

    • Pinging the access point's IP address helps verify network connectivity.

    • Unplugging and replugging the access point resets it, in case of connectivity failures.

    • Measuring signal strength ensures a "good" signal at the receiving location.

    • Interference from electrical devices like microwave ovens (2.4 GHz) can affect signal strength.

    • Maintaining a baseline measurement of signal strength helps in identifying issues.

    • Wireless users share channels; large numbers of users can cause performance issues and packet drops due to heavy loads. Checking the access point's load capacity specifications may help.

    • Access points usually assign 192.168.0.x IP addresses to clients.

    • Using the command "ipconfig" verifies the assigned IP address.

    • Resetting the SSID (Service Set Identifier) is valuable for connecting to or disconnecting your wireless device from a particular network.

    • Most wireless systems support multiple security protocols (e.g., different versions of WPA/WEP).

    • Ensuring the client and access point use the same security mode is crucial.

    • Selecting a non-overlapping channel (e.g. channels 1 or 11) in Wi-Fi can reduce interference problems.

    • Antenna placement (high up, unobstructed by metal) and avoiding physical obstructions improve signal range.

    • Understanding that metal surfaces and thick materials can interfere with the signal range.

    • Wireless client compatibility (hardware and software) and using the same wireless network standard is essential.

    • Checking basic cable connections solves some unexpected problems

    Chapter 6-2 - The TCP/IP Layers

    • The TCP/IP model lists 4 layers: Application, Transport, Internet, and Network Interface.

    • The Application layer defines the applications used to process requests, relevant ports and sockets.

    • The Transport Layer defines connection types between hosts and acknowledgement methods.

    • The Internet Layer defines protocols for addressing and routing data packets.

    • The Network Interface Layer specifies how hosts connect to the network.

    • The TCP/IP protocol was established before the OSI model, with the four layers correlating to the seven layers in the OSI model.

    • TCP/IP supports application layer protocols like Telnet, FTP, SMTP, DNS, and SNMP for communication.

    • Port numbers (Table 6-2) are reserved and assigned.

    • Common application ports, like Telnet (23), FTP (20, 21), SMTP (25), DNS (53), DHCP (67, 68), TFTP (69), and HTTP(80) are included in Table 6-3.

    • The transport layer is vital for establishing network connections, managing data transfer, and completing the connection.

    • Two key transport protocols are TCP (connection-oriented) and UDP (connectionless).

    • Establishing a TCP connection follows a three-way handshake (SYN, SYN+ACK, and ACK).

    • TCP specifies the rules for establishing, managing, and terminating a connection; it handles error checking and data packet recovery.

    • The UDP protocol is connectionless, which means data packets are sent without waiting for an acknowledgement; this is suitable for applications like streaming.

    • The Internet layer defines protocols used for addressing and routing data packets through a network.

    Chapter 6-4 - IPv4 Addressing

    • IPv4 addresses use a 32-bit structure.

    • IPv4 address classes (A, B, C, D, E) have specific numerical ranges and characteristics, influencing how they are used within a network to define network portions and host portions.

    • Private IP addresses are allocated for internal networks (Intranets).

    • ARIN is involved in assigning IP address blocks.

    • Different address classes partition their 32-bit addresses differently (Table 6-8 & 6-9) showing how many bits are used for the network portion and how many bits are used for the host portion.

    • Private IP addresses (Table 6-10) are not used for routing on the Internet.

    • ARIN (the American Registry for Internet Numbers) is the organisation that assigns IP address space.

    Chapter 6-5 - Subnet Masks

    • Subnetting divides networks into smaller networks (subnets) using subnet masks.
    • The subnet mask defines which bits of an IP address identify the network/subnet and host portion.
    • Subnets are created by borrowing bits from the host portion of the IP address.
    • The subnet mask defines the network/subnet bits, allowing routers to forward traffic to the appropriate subnet.
    • Equations are used to calculate the total number of subnets created and the number of usable host addresses per subnet.
    • A subnet has a network address and a broadcast address; these addresses are different from typical host addresses in the subnet.
    • Subnet masks are used to distinguish whether traffic is directed to a host on the same local area network or routed to a gateway.

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    Related Documents

    Bluetooth, WiMAX, RFID, and Mobile Communications PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the TCP/IP model with this quiz, covering essential concepts such as the Application layer, transport protocols, and TCP connection establishment. Assess your understanding of data transmission, frequency usage, and wireless connectivity issues.

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