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Questions and Answers
What is the outcome for a patient whose sputum smear or culture is POSITIVE at 5 months during treatment?
What is the outcome for a patient whose sputum smear or culture is POSITIVE at 5 months during treatment?
In which scenario is a patient assigned as 'lost to follow up'?
In which scenario is a patient assigned as 'lost to follow up'?
What is the assigned outcome for a patient who exhibits severe uncontrolled adverse drug reactions?
What is the assigned outcome for a patient who exhibits severe uncontrolled adverse drug reactions?
What should be the assigned outcome for a patient with evidence of additional acquired resistance during treatment?
What should be the assigned outcome for a patient with evidence of additional acquired resistance during treatment?
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What happens to a patient for whom no treatment outcome has been assigned due to transfer to another facility?
What happens to a patient for whom no treatment outcome has been assigned due to transfer to another facility?
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At what age should TB patients be screened for diabetes?
At what age should TB patients be screened for diabetes?
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What is the treatment regimen labeled as Regimen 1 for TB?
What is the treatment regimen labeled as Regimen 1 for TB?
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Who qualifies to receive Regimen 2 of TB treatment?
Who qualifies to receive Regimen 2 of TB treatment?
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What is Provider-initiated counselling and testing (PICT) primarily focused on?
What is Provider-initiated counselling and testing (PICT) primarily focused on?
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If a child with TB has an HIV positive mother, what action should be taken?
If a child with TB has an HIV positive mother, what action should be taken?
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For a person weighing 38-54 kg, how many tablets should be administered per day for the regimen 2HRZE/4HR?
For a person weighing 38-54 kg, how many tablets should be administered per day for the regimen 2HRZE/4HR?
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At what age do you provide PICT to all TB patients?
At what age do you provide PICT to all TB patients?
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What is the daily tablet dosage for a TB patient weighing more than 70 kg on the regimen 2HRZE/4HR?
What is the daily tablet dosage for a TB patient weighing more than 70 kg on the regimen 2HRZE/4HR?
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What is the appropriate management for jaundice due to hepatitis when caused by HRZ drugs?
What is the appropriate management for jaundice due to hepatitis when caused by HRZ drugs?
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Which anti-TB drug is responsible for causing orange-colored urine?
Which anti-TB drug is responsible for causing orange-colored urine?
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What is the most effective management for burning sensations in the feet due to peripheral neuropathy from Isoniazid?
What is the most effective management for burning sensations in the feet due to peripheral neuropathy from Isoniazid?
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What is the management step for arthralgia caused by hyperuricemia from Pyrazinamide?
What is the management step for arthralgia caused by hyperuricemia from Pyrazinamide?
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After how many months should the first sputum follow-up be scheduled for a newly diagnosed CDTB patient?
After how many months should the first sputum follow-up be scheduled for a newly diagnosed CDTB patient?
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What is the next step if the smear microscopy result is positive at the end of the intensive phase?
What is the next step if the smear microscopy result is positive at the end of the intensive phase?
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Which anti-TB drug is most likely to cause psychosis and convulsions?
Which anti-TB drug is most likely to cause psychosis and convulsions?
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What is the management for the impairment of visual acuity caused by Ethambutol?
What is the management for the impairment of visual acuity caused by Ethambutol?
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If a smear microscopy follow-up result is negative after treatment interruption of less than 1 month, what should be done?
If a smear microscopy follow-up result is negative after treatment interruption of less than 1 month, what should be done?
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Which drug causes flu-like symptoms including fever and muscle pains?
Which drug causes flu-like symptoms including fever and muscle pains?
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When can a clinically diagnosed PTB patient be cleared for work?
When can a clinically diagnosed PTB patient be cleared for work?
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What should be done if treatment was interrupted for more than 1 month but less than 2 months?
What should be done if treatment was interrupted for more than 1 month but less than 2 months?
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Which anti-TB drug poses the greatest risk of adverse drug reactions?
Which anti-TB drug poses the greatest risk of adverse drug reactions?
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In case of oliguria or albuminuria due to renal disorder caused by Rifampicin, what is the management?
In case of oliguria or albuminuria due to renal disorder caused by Rifampicin, what is the management?
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What is the outcome for a patient whose treatment was interrupted for more than 2 months?
What is the outcome for a patient whose treatment was interrupted for more than 2 months?
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What is the outcome if a patient shows no evidence of clinical improvement during treatment, and follow-up sputum examination was not done?
What is the outcome if a patient shows no evidence of clinical improvement during treatment, and follow-up sputum examination was not done?
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What should be the assigned outcome for a patient diagnosed with active TB who has not yet begun treatment?
What should be the assigned outcome for a patient diagnosed with active TB who has not yet begun treatment?
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If a patient's sputum smear is positive at 5 months or later during treatment, what is this considered?
If a patient's sputum smear is positive at 5 months or later during treatment, what is this considered?
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What is assigned to a patient who dies during the course of TB treatment?
What is assigned to a patient who dies during the course of TB treatment?
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What is the correct tablet dosage for a TB patient weighing between 55-70 kg on the regimen 2HRZE/4HR?
What is the correct tablet dosage for a TB patient weighing between 55-70 kg on the regimen 2HRZE/4HR?
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Which of the following groups of patients are eligible for Regimen 2 of TB treatment?
Which of the following groups of patients are eligible for Regimen 2 of TB treatment?
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What is the primary purpose of Provider-initiated counselling and testing (PICT) for TB patients?
What is the primary purpose of Provider-initiated counselling and testing (PICT) for TB patients?
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For a TB patient weighing around 25-37 kg, how many tablets should they receive per day for the regimen 2HRZE/4HR?
For a TB patient weighing around 25-37 kg, how many tablets should they receive per day for the regimen 2HRZE/4HR?
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At what age should all TB patients start receiving PICT?
At what age should all TB patients start receiving PICT?
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Which of the following accurately describes a characteristic of Regimen 1 in TB treatment?
Which of the following accurately describes a characteristic of Regimen 1 in TB treatment?
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What should be done if a child with TB shows signs of having an HIV positive mother?
What should be done if a child with TB shows signs of having an HIV positive mother?
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Which classification of TB patients is indicated for treatment regimen 2HRZE/10HR?
Which classification of TB patients is indicated for treatment regimen 2HRZE/10HR?
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Which anti-TB drug is associated with causing both flu-like symptoms and orange colored urine?
Which anti-TB drug is associated with causing both flu-like symptoms and orange colored urine?
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What is the appropriate management if a patient experiences jaundice due to hepatitis from HRZ drugs?
What is the appropriate management if a patient experiences jaundice due to hepatitis from HRZ drugs?
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When should a patient undergoing anti-TB treatment be scheduled for monthly weight checks?
When should a patient undergoing anti-TB treatment be scheduled for monthly weight checks?
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Which drug is most likely to cause arthralgia due to hyperuricemia?
Which drug is most likely to cause arthralgia due to hyperuricemia?
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What is the management protocol if a patient experiences a burning sensation in the feet due to peripheral neuropathy?
What is the management protocol if a patient experiences a burning sensation in the feet due to peripheral neuropathy?
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If a smear microscopy follow-up result is found positive after 6 months of treatment, what should be done?
If a smear microscopy follow-up result is found positive after 6 months of treatment, what should be done?
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Which anti-TB drug causes impairment of visual acuity and requires referral to an ophthalmologist?
Which anti-TB drug causes impairment of visual acuity and requires referral to an ophthalmologist?
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What should be done if treatment is interrupted for more than 1 month but less than 2 months and the smear microscopy result is negative?
What should be done if treatment is interrupted for more than 1 month but less than 2 months and the smear microscopy result is negative?
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What is the management when a patient experiences thrombocytopenia, anemia, and shock due to Rifampicin?
What is the management when a patient experiences thrombocytopenia, anemia, and shock due to Rifampicin?
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At what point in treatment can a patient with clinically diagnosed PTB be cleared for work?
At what point in treatment can a patient with clinically diagnosed PTB be cleared for work?
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Which anti-TB drug is responsible for causing psychosis and convulsion?
Which anti-TB drug is responsible for causing psychosis and convulsion?
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When should sputum follow-up for newly diagnosed BCTB patients be scheduled?
When should sputum follow-up for newly diagnosed BCTB patients be scheduled?
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What does hyperuricemia caused by Pyrazinamide typically result in?
What does hyperuricemia caused by Pyrazinamide typically result in?
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Study Notes
TB Screening and Treatment Regimens
- TB patients aged 25 years and older should be screened for diabetes.
- Regimen 1 for TB treatment is 2HRZE/4HR, targeting new or retreatment pulmonary TB with MTB RIF sensitive or indeterminate.
- Eligible patients for Regimen 1 include:
- New or Retreatment pulmonary TB,
- Extrapulmonary TB except CNS, brain, bones, joints, with MTB RIF sensitive,
- New PTB with positive SM TB LAMP or clinically diagnosed cases.
- Regimen 2 for TB treatment is 2HRZE/10HR, specifically for new or retreatment extrapulmonary TB affecting CNS, joints, or bones with MTB RIF sensitive or indeterminate.
Provider-Initiated Counseling and Testing (PICT)
- PICT is provided to all TB patients aged 15 years and older.
- In cases where a child with TB has an HIV-positive mother or HIV symptoms, testing should be offered.
Medication Dosage Based on Weight
- For the 2HRZE/4HR regimen:
- Patients weighing 25-37 kg receive 2 tablets daily.
- Patients weighing 38-54 kg receive 3 tablets daily.
- Patients weighing 55-70 kg receive 4 tablets daily.
- Patients over 70 kg receive 5 tablets daily.
Follow-Up and Monitoring
- Follow-up for newly initiated treatment is scheduled 2 weeks after initiation.
- Subsequent follow-ups occur at least monthly.
- Patient weight should be monitored monthly.
Side Effects and Management of Anti-TB Drugs
- GI intolerance is primarily caused by HRZ drugs (Isoniazid, Rifampicin, Pyrazinamide); management involves administering them at bedtime or with small meals.
- Skin reactions can occur with any anti-TB drug; antihistamines are recommended for management.
- Rifampicin causes orange urine; no specific treatment needed, just reassurance.
- Isoniazid can cause burning sensations in feet due to peripheral neuropathy; treat with Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) 50-100 mg daily.
- Pyrazinamide is associated with arthralgia due to hyperuricemia; manage with aspirin or NSAIDs.
- Rifampicin can lead to flu-like symptoms; manage with antipyretics.
- Jaundice can result from HRZ drugs; management requires stopping the drugs and referring to specialists.
- Ethambutol may impair visual acuity; discontinue and refer to an ophthalmologist.
- Oliguria or albuminuria is caused by Rifampicin; stop the drug and refer to specialists.
- Isoniazid may lead to psychosis and convulsions; halt the medication and refer to specialists.
- Rifampicin can cause thrombocytopenia, anemia, and shock; stop the drug and refer to specialists.
Adverse Reactions Overview
- Rifampicin is known for having the most adverse drug reactions, including:
- Orange-colored urine
- Flu-like symptoms
- Oliguria and albuminuria
- Thrombocytopenia and anemia
Sputum Follow-Up
- Sputum follow-up for newly diagnosed CDTB and BDTB occurs at the end of the intensive phase (2 months).
- Follow-up sputum tests are conducted only if initial tests are positive.
- If smear microscopy results are negative during follow-up, continue treatment as prescribed.
Managing Treatment Interruptions
- If treatment is interrupted for less than 1 month, continue treatment, extending to compensate for missed doses.
- If interrupted for more than 1 month but less than 2 months, perform smear microscopy; negative results allow you to continue with doses.
- A positive smear during interruptions of more than 1 month necessitates continuation and compensation, while exceeding 5 months results in treatment failure.
Treatment Outcome Assignments
- Treatment failure is defined as positive sputum at or beyond 5 months.
- A patient who dies during treatment is recorded as "died."
- Patients not started on treatment or not evaluated due to transfers have outcomes classified as "lost to follow up" or "not evaluated" respectively.
TB Screening and Treatment Regimens
- TB patients aged 25 years and older should be screened for diabetes.
- Regimen 1 for TB treatment is 2HRZE/4HR, targeting new or retreatment pulmonary TB with MTB RIF sensitive or indeterminate.
- Eligible patients for Regimen 1 include:
- New or Retreatment pulmonary TB,
- Extrapulmonary TB except CNS, brain, bones, joints, with MTB RIF sensitive,
- New PTB with positive SM TB LAMP or clinically diagnosed cases.
- Regimen 2 for TB treatment is 2HRZE/10HR, specifically for new or retreatment extrapulmonary TB affecting CNS, joints, or bones with MTB RIF sensitive or indeterminate.
Provider-Initiated Counseling and Testing (PICT)
- PICT is provided to all TB patients aged 15 years and older.
- In cases where a child with TB has an HIV-positive mother or HIV symptoms, testing should be offered.
Medication Dosage Based on Weight
- For the 2HRZE/4HR regimen:
- Patients weighing 25-37 kg receive 2 tablets daily.
- Patients weighing 38-54 kg receive 3 tablets daily.
- Patients weighing 55-70 kg receive 4 tablets daily.
- Patients over 70 kg receive 5 tablets daily.
Follow-Up and Monitoring
- Follow-up for newly initiated treatment is scheduled 2 weeks after initiation.
- Subsequent follow-ups occur at least monthly.
- Patient weight should be monitored monthly.
Side Effects and Management of Anti-TB Drugs
- GI intolerance is primarily caused by HRZ drugs (Isoniazid, Rifampicin, Pyrazinamide); management involves administering them at bedtime or with small meals.
- Skin reactions can occur with any anti-TB drug; antihistamines are recommended for management.
- Rifampicin causes orange urine; no specific treatment needed, just reassurance.
- Isoniazid can cause burning sensations in feet due to peripheral neuropathy; treat with Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) 50-100 mg daily.
- Pyrazinamide is associated with arthralgia due to hyperuricemia; manage with aspirin or NSAIDs.
- Rifampicin can lead to flu-like symptoms; manage with antipyretics.
- Jaundice can result from HRZ drugs; management requires stopping the drugs and referring to specialists.
- Ethambutol may impair visual acuity; discontinue and refer to an ophthalmologist.
- Oliguria or albuminuria is caused by Rifampicin; stop the drug and refer to specialists.
- Isoniazid may lead to psychosis and convulsions; halt the medication and refer to specialists.
- Rifampicin can cause thrombocytopenia, anemia, and shock; stop the drug and refer to specialists.
Adverse Reactions Overview
- Rifampicin is known for having the most adverse drug reactions, including:
- Orange-colored urine
- Flu-like symptoms
- Oliguria and albuminuria
- Thrombocytopenia and anemia
Sputum Follow-Up
- Sputum follow-up for newly diagnosed CDTB and BDTB occurs at the end of the intensive phase (2 months).
- Follow-up sputum tests are conducted only if initial tests are positive.
- If smear microscopy results are negative during follow-up, continue treatment as prescribed.
Managing Treatment Interruptions
- If treatment is interrupted for less than 1 month, continue treatment, extending to compensate for missed doses.
- If interrupted for more than 1 month but less than 2 months, perform smear microscopy; negative results allow you to continue with doses.
- A positive smear during interruptions of more than 1 month necessitates continuation and compensation, while exceeding 5 months results in treatment failure.
Treatment Outcome Assignments
- Treatment failure is defined as positive sputum at or beyond 5 months.
- A patient who dies during treatment is recorded as "died."
- Patients not started on treatment or not evaluated due to transfers have outcomes classified as "lost to follow up" or "not evaluated" respectively.
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Description
Test your knowledge on tuberculosis treatment protocols, particularly focusing on patient eligibility and screening for diabetes. This quiz covers key aspects of Regimen 1 for TB patients and their requirements. Perfect for healthcare professionals and students in medical fields.
