TB: Symptoms, Transmission, and Causes
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary way TB is spread?

  • Through touching contaminated surfaces
  • Through the air when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks (correct)
  • Through sharing food and drinks with an infected person
  • Through contact with an infected person's skin

    • What is the main purpose of the BCG vaccine?

  • To treat active TB
  • To provide lifelong immunity to TB
  • To provide some protection against TB, typically given to children (correct)
  • To prevent the spread of TB in healthcare settings

    • What is the typical duration of TB treatment?

  • 9-12 months
  • 3-6 months
  • 1-2 years
  • 6-9 months (correct)

    • What is the term for TB that is resistant to at least two of the most effective antibiotics?

    <p>Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of preventive therapy?

    <p>To treat people with latent TB, to prevent it from becoming active</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for TB where the bacteria remain dormant in the body, but do not cause symptoms?

    <p>Latent TB</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method used to diagnose TB?

    <p>A combination of tests, including the Tuberculin skin test, Chest X-ray, Sputum test, and Blood tests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason it is essential to complete the full TB treatment course?

    <p>To prevent antibiotic resistance and relapse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    What is TB?

    • TB stands for Tuberculosis, a bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
    • It primarily affects the lungs, but can also affect other parts of the body.

    Transmission

    • TB is an airborne disease, spread through the air when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks.
    • Close contact with an infected person can increase the risk of transmission.

    Symptoms

    • Coughing for three or more weeks
    • Chest pain or coughing up blood
    • Fatigue
    • Weight loss
    • Loss of appetite
    • Chills
    • Fever
    • Night sweats

    Diagnosis

    • TB is diagnosed using a combination of tests, including:
      1. Tuberculin skin test (Mantoux test)
      2. Chest X-ray
      3. Sputum test (examining a sample of mucus from the lungs)
      4. Blood tests

    Treatment

    • TB is treated with a combination of antibiotics, typically:
      • Isoniazid (INH)
      • Rifampicin (RIF)
      • Ethambutol (EMB)
      • Pyrazinamide (PZA)
    • Treatment typically lasts for 6-9 months
    • It is essential to complete the full treatment course to prevent antibiotic resistance and relapse.

    Types of TB

    • Latent TB: The bacteria remain dormant in the body, but do not cause symptoms.
    • Active TB: The bacteria multiply and cause symptoms.
    • Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB): Resistant to at least two of the most effective antibiotics.
    • Extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB): Resistant to almost all antibiotics.

    Prevention

    • BCG vaccine: A vaccine that provides some protection against TB, typically given to children.
    • Preventive therapy: Treatment for people with latent TB, to prevent it from becoming active.
    • Infection control: Proper ventilation, isolation, and hygiene practices in healthcare settings to prevent transmission.

    What is TB?

    • Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
    • TB primarily affects the lungs, but can also affect other parts of the body.

    Transmission

    • TB is an airborne disease spread through the air when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks.
    • Close contact with an infected person increases the risk of transmission.

    Symptoms

    • Coughing for three or more weeks
    • Chest pain or coughing up blood
    • Fatigue
    • Weight loss
    • Loss of appetite
    • Chills
    • Fever
    • Night sweats

    Diagnosis

    • TB is diagnosed using a combination of tests including:
    • Tuberculin skin test (Mantoux test)
    • Chest X-ray
    • Sputum test (examining a sample of mucus from the lungs)
    • Blood tests

    Treatment

    • TB is treated with a combination of antibiotics, typically:
      • Isoniazid (INH)
      • Rifampicin (RIF)
      • Ethambutol (EMB)
      • Pyrazinamide (PZA)
    • Treatment typically lasts for 6-9 months
    • Completing the full treatment course is essential to prevent antibiotic resistance and relapse.

    Types of TB

    • Latent TB: The bacteria remain dormant in the body, but do not cause symptoms.
    • Active TB: The bacteria multiply and cause symptoms.
    • Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB): Resistant to at least two of the most effective antibiotics.
    • Extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB): Resistant to almost all antibiotics.

    Prevention

    • BCG vaccine: Provides some protection against TB, typically given to children.
    • Preventive therapy: Treatment for people with latent TB to prevent it from becoming active.
    • Infection control: Proper ventilation, isolation, and hygiene practices in healthcare settings to prevent transmission.

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    Description

    Learn about Tuberculosis, its transmission, symptoms, and causes. Understand how this airborne disease affects the lungs and other parts of the body.

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