Taxonomy Study Guide Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the unique characteristic of the cell wall of Diatoms?

  • Made of calcium carbonate
  • Made of silica (correct)
  • Made of chitin
  • Made of cellulose

    • Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of flagellates?

  • Possess one or more flagella for movement
  • Can be found in various aquatic environments
  • Often have a protective pellicle or jelly-like coating
  • Typically form symbiotic relationships with fungi (correct)

    • Which of the following diseases is caused by a protist and can be spread through sexual contact?

  • Toxoplasmosis
  • Giardiasis
  • Tricomotus (correct)
  • African Sleeping Sickness

    • How do amoebas primarily move?

    <p>By using pseudopods (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary way fungi digest food?

    <p>By secreting enzymes that break down food outside their bodies. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a benefit of lichens?

    <p>They decompose organic matter. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of Euglena that makes it more similar to plants?

    <p>They are autotrophic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of plankton in the aquatic ecosystem?

    <p>To provide food for larger organisms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main structural component of fungal cell walls?

    <p>Chitin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following diseases is NOT caused by a protist?

    <p>Chagas disease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of bacteria?

    <p>Have a cell wall made of peptidoglycan (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of protists?

    <p>Are always microscopic organisms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about fungi is FALSE?

    <p>They are primarily autotrophic, like plants. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of protozoan based on its mode of movement?

    <p>Flagellate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cell wall is found in bacteria?

    <p>Peptidoglycan (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of mycelium in fungi?

    <p>It is the main body of the fungus. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which taxonomic category is the most specific?

    <p>Species (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct format for writing a species name in binomial nomenclature?

    <p>Genus capitalized and species in lowercase, both italicized (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which kingdom is characterized as prokaryotic and single-celled?

    <p>Eubacteria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic does NOT describe a virus?

    <p>Alive and capable of metabolism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following characteristics is derived?

    <p>A trait evolved in a specific lineage not found in ancestral species (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which domain is most closely related to Eukarya?

    <p>Archaea (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What represents a common ancestor in a cladogram?

    <p>Internode point (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about bacteria is true?

    <p>They have cell walls. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage?

    <p>The virus enters and starts replicating immediately. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic differentiates bacteria from bacteriophages?

    <p>Bacteria can replicate independently. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a defining feature of a lysogenic cycle?

    <p>Incorporates into the host genome and remains dormant. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which shape does a bacillus bacterium take?

    <p>Rod (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do bacteria primarily replicate?

    <p>By binary fission and budding. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aids in the process of transduction in bacteria?

    <p>Bacteriophages. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about viruses is true?

    <p>They require a host to replicate. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about the structures of bacteria is accurate?

    <p>Bacteria have peptidoglycan in their cell walls. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic distinguishes gram-positive bacteria from gram-negative bacteria?

    <p>They contain peptidoglycan in a thicker layer. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of protist moves using pseudopods?

    <p>Amoeba (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a method by which bacteria can exchange genetic material?

    <p>Conjugation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is true regarding euglena?

    <p>They can photosynthesize. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the structure of gram-negative bacteria?

    <p>A double phospholipid membrane with an outer layer. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forms the basis for most protists' classification?

    <p>Method of locomotion. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of nitrogen fixation in bacteria?

    <p>To convert nitrogen into a usable form for plants. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following protists is classified as a heterotroph?

    <p>Amoeba (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Taxonomy Study Guide

    • Taxonomic Categories (least to most specific): Domain, Kingdom, Phylum/Division (in plants), Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
    • Binomial Nomenclature: Latin language. Capitalize the genus, lowercase the species, and italicize both.
    • Binomial Nomenclature Components: Includes the genus and species
    • Kingdoms in Taxonomy: Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Plantae, Animalia, Protista, Fungi.
    • Derived Characteristics: A trait that evolved in a lineage, absent in the ancestral species.
    • Cladograms: Common ancestors are where the internodes connect. Use cladograms to identify common ancestors and closely related organisms.
    • Domains:
    • Eubacteria: Prokaryotic, single-celled, diverse
    • Archaea: Prokaryotic, single-celled, some similar life processes to eukaryotes, distinct chemical makeup.
    • Eukarya: Eukaryotic, range from single-celled organisms to complex multicellular ones, widest range of diversity
    • Viruses: Not living, smaller than bacteria, have DNA/RNA core, replicate inside a host cell.
    • Lytic Cycle: Virus enters, replicates, immediately explodes the host cell.
    • Lysogenic Cycle: Virus enters, stays dormant until triggering a lytic cycle, virus incorporates into host's genome.
    • Bacteria Shapes: Coccus (sphere), Bacillus (rod), Spirillum (spiral)
    • Bacteria Structure: Prokaryotic, cell wall (peptidoglycan), circular DNA, no nucleus
    • Protists: Eukaryotic, diverse, classified by how they move (pseudopods, cilia, flagella). Include Amoeba (pseudopods), Paramecium (cilia), Euglena (flagella)
    • Gram-Positive vs. Gram-Negative Bacteria: Gram-positive have thicker cell walls, gram-negative have additional membranes. (significant medical implications.)
    • Conjugation: Bacterial process involving exchange of genetic material.
    • Bacteria Nucleic Acid Shape: Circular DNA
    • Diatoms: Photosynthetic protists, found in freshwater and marine environments. Cell walls composed of silica.
    • Algae (related to protists): Primary oxygen producers on Earth, some form symbiotic relationships with fungi (lichen)
    • Flagellates (protists): Single-celled organisms with one or more whip-like appendages (flagella)
    • Plankton: Microscopic eukaryotes in water, crucial for food webs
    • Fungi: Decomposers, form symbiotic relationships with algae to create lichens, some are pathogenic to humans. Characteristics include cell walls made of chitin.
    • Fungal Diseases: Skin and body surface infections, like Athlete's foot, ringworm

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    Taxonomy Study Guide PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge of Taxonomy with this quiz that covers taxonomic categories, binomial nomenclature, and the various kingdoms. Explore the concepts of derived characteristics and cladograms to identify relationships among organisms. Challenge yourself to grasp the intricacies of classification in biological sciences.

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