Taxonomy Study Guide Quiz

The hierarchical system of classification in biology, from domain to species.

The two-part naming system for species, using genus and species names in Latin.

Traits that have evolved in a lineage, absent in ancestral species.

Diagrams that show evolutionary relationships and common ancestors.

A domain of prokaryotic, single-celled organisms, common bacteria.

A domain of single-celled prokaryotes with distinct biochemistry, more related to eukarya.

The domain encompassing all eukaryotic organisms, can be multicellular or single-celled.

Viruses are non-living, require hosts, and are smaller than bacteria.

A viral replication process that quickly infects host cells and causes them to burst.

A viral replication process where the virus remains dormant in the host until it becomes lytic.

A type of virus that specifically infects bacteria.

The method by which bacteria replicate, splitting into two cells.

A spherical shape of bacteria.

A rod-shaped form of bacteria.

A spiral-shaped bacteria.

A substance forming the cell wall of many bacteria, providing structural support.

An infection caused by amoeba in contaminated water or food.

A disease dangerous to fetuses, potentially causing severe birth complications.

An illness from contaminated water causing fatigue and diarrhea.

A symbiotic relationship between fungi and algae, aiding in habitat recovery.

Fungi decompose food using external enzymes and their mycelium.

Fungi decompose matter and are used for antibiotics and brewing.

Bacteria have peptidoglycan, protists have cellulose/silica, fungi have chitin.

Fungi often infect skin and body surfaces, causing conditions like athlete's foot.

Organisms without a nucleus, like bacteria.

A rigid structure in bacterial cell walls, providing shape and protection.

Bacteria with a thick peptidoglycan wall that stains purple or blue.

Bacteria with a thin wall and an outer membrane, stains red or pink.

A process where two bacteria exchange DNA via pili connection.

A type of protist that can photosynthesize and moves by flagella.

A protist that moves using pseudopods and is heterotrophic.

Nucleic acid in bacteria is typically circular and found in the nucleoid region.

Diatoms are photosynthetic protists with silica cell walls, found in freshwater and marine environments.

Flagellates are organisms with one or more flagella, often with a jelly-like coating.

Algae produce the majority of Earth's oxygen and can form symbiotic relationships with fungi (lichens).

Protozoans are classified by their movement; types include amoeba (pseudopods), paramecium (cilia), and euglena (flagella).

Paramecium moves using cilia and has a gullet for digestion, making it unique among protozoans.

Amoeba moves by extending its cytoplasm into pseudopods, projecting like arms.

Plankton are microscopic eukaryotic organisms in water that serve as food for larger organisms.