Tamping Unit Components Overview
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Tamping Unit Components Overview

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Questions and Answers

What component is responsible for the lifting and lowering of tamping units?

  • Guide rod
  • Clapper cylinder
  • Hydraulic tamping unit lifting/lowering cylinder (correct)
  • Big squeezing cylinder

    • How can the opening width of tamping tools be adjusted for joint sleepers?

  • Pneumatically by changing the clapper piece (correct)
  • Mechanically adjusted by operators
  • Using a hydraulic system
  • By detaching and altering the tools

    • What are Tungsten Carbide Tamping Tools (TCTT) used for?

  • To improve the performance of tamping tools (correct)
  • To alter the speed of tamping machines
  • To facilitate the lifting operation
  • To increase the size of tamping units

    • Which unit is positioned in front of the tamping units to handle lifting and lining?

    <p>Lifting and lining unit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the satellite unit in continuous sleeper tamping machines?

    <p>It carries out independent cyclic movements from sleeper to sleeper.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of trolleys in the tamping process?

    <p>To correct track parameters using sensing feelers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is NOT part of the tamping unit layout?

    <p>Ballast compactor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What affects the quality of compaction during tamping?

    <p>The size and shape of the blade of the tamping tool</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the 09-32 CSM Plain Track Tamper?

    <p>Lining, levelling, twist correction, and tamping of sleepers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many tamping tools does the Tamping Express (09-3X) have?

    <p>48</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of operation does the tamping mechanism use?

    <p>Asynchronous constant pressure tamping operation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What system does the 09-32 CSM use for levelling?

    <p>Single chord lining and double chord parallel levelling systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the range of squeezing forces applied during the tamping process?

    <p>15 - 20 mm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main advantages of using the Tamping Express compared to the 09-32 CSM?

    <p>It has more tamping tools</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is crucial in the tamping units as per the provided content?

    <p>Fixed pivot to pick up the tamping reaction forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many sleepers can the 09-32 CSM tamp at a time?

    <p>Two</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of vibrations do the tamping tools use during their operation?

    <p>Sinusoidal vibrations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the tamping tools during operation?

    <p>To penetrate and press the ballast until the desired force is reached</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the correction FD in the 4 Point Lining method?

    <p>To correct measurements taken from a disturbed track</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is left over error FR calculated?

    <p>By dividing FD by n4pt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the variable 'n4pt' represent in the context of reducing errors in lining?

    <p>The error reduction ratio based on trolley distances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the 4 Point Lining method, what should be done after calculating the value of FD?

    <p>Apply a correction equal to FD in the opposite direction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When might the ratio of H1/H2 not hold true during the lining process?

    <p>When the front and rear trolleys are on curves of different radii</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the squeezing time refer to in the tamping cycle?

    <p>The time taken to squeeze ballast until the predefined pressure is reached.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does the squeezing action commence during the tamping process?

    <p>30 mm before the tool reaches the target depth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done with tamping tools that have more than 20% wear of their original surface area?

    <p>They should be replaced or reconditioned.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what distance before the zero position does the lifting and lining circuit operate once the tamping unit is raised?

    <p>100 mm before the zero position.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the adequate squeezing time range for maintenance packing?

    <p>0.8 seconds to 1.2 seconds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the circuit when the preset squeezing time is completed?

    <p>The squeezing action is halted.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following optional equipment aids in reducing errors during data collection?

    <p>Laser Beam System.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the lowering of the tamping unit set to commence during a normal cycle?

    <p>Lifting and lining start once the unit is lowered 100 mm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action follows the squeezing and holding phase in the tamping cycle?

    <p>Lifting and traveling of the tamping unit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Geometry Value Assessment (GVA) optional equipment assist with?

    <p>Simplifying data collection and reducing error rates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the measuring trolley B serve in the alignment process?

    <p>It measures the versine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the wire stretched between points A and D?

    <p>To act as the base line for measurement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the machine perform curve correction?

    <p>By slewing point C to achieve the correct versine ratio.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the versine ratio 'i' represent in the context of the machine's operation?

    <p>A fixed geometric property of the machine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which point is responsible for making corrections to the alignment during operation?

    <p>Point C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What measurements are taken at trolley locations B and C?

    <p>Versine measurements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do the theoretical versine measurements H1 and H2 indicate?

    <p>Measurements of curvature's accuracy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the alignment process, how is the outer rail utilized?

    <p>As a reference for adjusting trolleys.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which trolley location represents the area where correction is physically applied?

    <p>C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the fork connection in the measuring system facilitate?

    <p>Connection of measurement devices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Tamping Unit Components

    • The tamping unit consists of components such as the tamping bank, center pin, big tamping arm, big squeezing cylinder, and guide rod.
    • The tamping tools are responsible for the compaction of ballast and their size and shape impact the quality of compaction.
    • The lifting and lining unit is positioned in front of the tamping units and uses a lifting cylinder with roller clamps or hooks to lift and align the track.
    • The satellite unit is used for continuous sleeper tamping machines and is capable of independent movement from sleeper to sleeper.
    • Trolleys are wheeled units with sensing feelers used for track parameter measurement and correction.
    • There are different models of tamping machines, including the 09-32 CSM and Tamping Express (09-3X), which can tamp two or three sleepers simultaneously.

    Tamping Mechanism

    • The tamping process utilizes the asynchronous constant pressure tamping principle.
    • Tamping tools perform sinusoidal vibrations to press ballast until a desired force is reached.
    • Tamping tools move for different durations, pressing the ballast until desired pressure is reached.
    • This asynchronous action ensures constant pressure application on the ballast.

    Tamping Cycle

    • A complete tamping cycle includes: lowering the tamping unit, squeezing ballast, holding the tamping tools, releasing, and lifting the tamping unit.
    • Squeezing time is the time taken to compact the ballast using preset pressure.
    • The tamping cycle typically starts with a lowering of the tamping unit by 100mm. The squeezing action commences 30mm before the tamping tools reach their target depth.
    • The squeezing process continues based on preset squeezing time, after which the tamping unit lifts.
    • Lifting and lining operations are cut off when the tamping unit is 100mm from its zero position.

    Tamping Tool Surface Area

    • The surface area of tamping tool blades varies among different machines.
    • Tools with wear exceeding 20% of the original surface area should not be used.
    • Worn out tools are reconditioned or replaced.

    Optional Equipment

    • Optional equipment such as laser beam system, geometry value assessment (GVA), and ALC enhance efficiency and reduce manual error.
    • The laser beam System uses photocells to receive a laser beam from an emitter, allowing for precise measurement and correction of track alignment.
    • Four points in the machine are used for measurement: rear trolley location (A), measuring trolley location (B), lining trolley location (C), and front trolley location (D).
    • Trolleys are pressed against the outer rail for reference.
    • Versine ratio is used for calculating theoretical and actual versines based on the distance between trolleys.
    • The lining operation is adjusted by slewing point C to ensure the correct versine ratio.

    Corrections in 4 Point Lining Method

    • The 4 Point Lining method requires correction for errors arising from front trolley location on disturbed track and variable curvature.
    • The residual error in the lining point C is calculated based on the error at the front trolley and trolley distances.
    • A correction equal to the front trolley error is applied at the front tower to eliminate this error and achieve accurate track alignment.

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    Related Documents

    Track Machine Manual PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the various components and mechanisms of tamping units used in railway maintenance. It covers the roles of elements such as the tamping bank, lifting units, and different tamping machines. Test your knowledge of the tamping process and its impact on track quality.

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