Questions and Answers
The Taal Volcano is located in northern Luzon.
False
There were less than 35 eruptions recorded since 3,580 BC.
False
The lake within the Main Crater is the largest lake in the caldera system.
False
The most recent eruption before 2020 was in 2000.
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The PHIVOLCS reported over 550,000 people living within 40 km of the caldera.
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The Alert Level was raised to 4 on 14:00 on 12 January.
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The seismic swarm began at 10:00 on 11 January.
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The initial activity consisted of steaming from three vents in the Main Crater.
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Study Notes
Taal Volcano
- Located in southern Luzon, Philippines, and is one of the most active volcanoes in the country.
- Has recorded around 35 eruptions since 3,580 BC.
Caldera System
- Contains a lake with an island that has a lake within the Main Crater.
Population and Hazard
- Over 450,000 people live within 40 km of the caldera.
- As of 28 March 2019, the hazard status was raised to Alert Level 1.
- From 28 March 2019 to 1 December, 4,857 earthquakes were registered, with some felt nearby.
Increased Activity (November-December 2019)
- Inflation was detected during 21-29 November.
- Increase in CO2 emission within the Main Crater was observed during this period.
- Seismicity increased beginning at 11:00 on 12 January.
Eruption (12-22 January 2020)
- Phreatic (steam) explosions occurred from several points inside the Main Crater at 13:00 on 12 January.
- Booming sounds were heard in Talisay, Batangas, at 14:00, and the plume reached 1 km above the crater by 14:02.
- Alert Level was raised to 3 (magmatic unrest) at 14:02.
- Seismic swarm began at 11:00 on 12 January, followed by a phreatic eruption at 13:00.
- The initial activity consisted of steaming from at least five vents in the Main Crater and phreatic explosions that generated 100-m-high plumes.
Intensification of Activity
- Booming sounds were heard in Talisay, Batangas, at 14:00.
- Volcanic tremor and earthquakes felt locally were accompanied by an eruption plume that rose 1 km at 14:04.
- Ash fell to the SSW.
- Alert Level was raised to 4, and a total evacuation of the island and high-risk areas within a 14-km radius was recommended at 17:30.
- Eruption plume of steam, gas, and tephra significantly intensified, rising to 10-15 km altitude and producing frequent lightning.
- Wet ash fell as far away as Quezon City (75 km N).
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Description
Learn about Taal Volcano's location, eruptions, and recent activity. Discover the caldera system, lake, and Main Crater features, as well as the nearby population.
