Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the function of the T cell receptor (TCR)?
What is the function of the T cell receptor (TCR)?
- Signal the T cell when it engages antigen in its TCR (correct)
- Proliferation and differentiation of antigen-specific cells
- Recognize antigens directly on target cells
- Transport antigens to the thymus for processing
What is the composition of the T cell receptor (TCR)?
What is the composition of the T cell receptor (TCR)?
- Two polypeptide chains, each with a variable domain, a constant domain, and a transmembrane region (correct)
- One polypeptide chain with a variable and a constant domain
- Three polypeptide chains
- A single glycoprotein chain attached to CD3 and zeta chain
What is the role of CD4 in T cells?
What is the role of CD4 in T cells?
- Recognize antigens with MHC I
- Recognize antigens with MHC II (correct)
- Recognize antigens directly on target cells
- Signal the T cell when it engages antigen in its TCR
What happens when a naive T cell appropriately interacts with antigen?
What happens when a naive T cell appropriately interacts with antigen?
What is the role of T cytotoxic (CD8) cells?
What is the role of T cytotoxic (CD8) cells?
What do T cell receptors (TCR) recognize?
What do T cell receptors (TCR) recognize?
During T cell maturation, what is the process by which T cells will lose either CD4 or CD8?
During T cell maturation, what is the process by which T cells will lose either CD4 or CD8?
What is the function of signal 3 in T cell activation and differentiation?
What is the function of signal 3 in T cell activation and differentiation?
What causes signal 1 in T cell activation?
What causes signal 1 in T cell activation?
Which cell type migrates to the site of infection?
Which cell type migrates to the site of infection?
What is the site for T cell maturation?
What is the site for T cell maturation?
What is the mechanism to make the self/nonself discrimination in the periphery?
What is the mechanism to make the self/nonself discrimination in the periphery?
What is the process by which T cells recognize a specific antigen in the context of MHC and receive signals to proliferate and differentiate into effector and memory T cells?
What is the process by which T cells recognize a specific antigen in the context of MHC and receive signals to proliferate and differentiate into effector and memory T cells?
What process do T cells undergo after leaving the thymus to enter the periphery?
What process do T cells undergo after leaving the thymus to enter the periphery?
What causes signal 2 in T cell activation?
What causes signal 2 in T cell activation?
What is the function of memory T cells?
What is the function of memory T cells?
What is the role of CD4 in T cells?
What is the role of CD4 in T cells?
Which cell type migrates to the site of infection?
Which cell type migrates to the site of infection?
What is the function of signal 1 in T cell activation?
What is the function of signal 1 in T cell activation?
What causes signal 2 in T cell activation?
What causes signal 2 in T cell activation?
What do naive T cells do when they appropriately interact with antigen?
What do naive T cells do when they appropriately interact with antigen?
Which molecule is involved in signaling the T cell when it engages antigen in its TCR?
Which molecule is involved in signaling the T cell when it engages antigen in its TCR?
What is the process by which T cells recognize a specific antigen in the context of MHC and receive signals to proliferate and differentiate into effector T cells?
What is the process by which T cells recognize a specific antigen in the context of MHC and receive signals to proliferate and differentiate into effector T cells?
What is the mechanism used to make the self/nonself discrimination in the periphery?
What is the mechanism used to make the self/nonself discrimination in the periphery?
What process causes T cell anergy (tolerance) when signal 1 is present without signal 2?
What process causes T cell anergy (tolerance) when signal 1 is present without signal 2?
What is the site for T cell maturation?
What is the site for T cell maturation?
What is the role of CD4 in T cells?
What is the role of CD4 in T cells?
Which cell type migrates to the site of infection?
Which cell type migrates to the site of infection?
What is the function of signal 3 in T cell activation and differentiation?
What is the function of signal 3 in T cell activation and differentiation?
What causes signal 1 in T cell activation?
What causes signal 1 in T cell activation?
Study Notes
T Cell Receptor (TCR) and Activation
- The T cell receptor (TCR) recognizes a specific antigen in the context of MHC and receives signals to proliferate and differentiate into effector and memory T cells.
- The composition of the TCR includes an alpha and beta chain.
Role of CD4 in T cells
- CD4 is a co-receptor that helps the TCR bind to MHC II molecules, enhancing the T cell's ability to recognize antigen.
T Cell Maturation and Maturation Site
- T cell maturation occurs in the thymus.
- During T cell maturation, T cells will lose either CD4 or CD8 through a process called "positive selection".
T Cell Activation and Signaling
- Signal 1 is caused by the TCR binding to antigen-MHC complex.
- Signal 2 is caused by the interaction between co-stimulatory molecules (e.g. CD28 and B7).
- Signal 3 is involved in the differentiation of T cells into effector and memory T cells.
- The process of T cell activation and differentiation includes recognition of a specific antigen, proliferation, and differentiation into effector and memory T cells.
T Cell Functions
- T cytotoxic (CD8) cells recognize and kill infected cells.
- Memory T cells provide long-term immunity against specific pathogens.
- Naive T cells recognize antigen and receive signals to proliferate and differentiate into effector and memory T cells.
Cell Migration and Site of Infection
- T cells migrate to the site of infection to recognize and respond to pathogens.
Peripheral Tolerance
- Peripheral tolerance is achieved through the mechanism of T cell anergy, which occurs when signal 1 is present without signal 2.
- The self/nonself discrimination in the periphery is made through the interaction of T cells with antigen-presenting cells.
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Description
This lecture covers the maturation, activation, and differentiation process of T cells, including their circulation, interaction with antigens, and acquisition of effector functions. Learn about how the naive T cells leave the thymus, interact with antigens, and become armed effector T cells.
