T Cell Differentiation and Activation Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the role of chemokines in T cell differentiation?

Chemokines signal naive T cells to enter the paracortex of secondary lymphoid organs and encounter antigen presenting cells (APCs) with an antigen/peptide bound to MHC.

What happens to naive T cells that do not encounter antigen bound to MHC?

Naive T cells that do not encounter antigen bound to MHC leave the lymphoid organ through efferent lymphatics and recirculate.

What is the function of high endothelial venules (HEVs) in T cell trafficking?

HEVs are blood vessels adapted for lymphocyte trafficking and are found in secondary lymphoid organs. They allow T cells to enter the lymphoid tissue and encounter antigen presenting cells.

What is the central event in the generation of humoral and cell-mediated immune responses?

<p>The central event is the activation and clonal expansion of T cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are high endothelial venules (HEVs) commonly found?

<p>HEVs are commonly found in secondary lymphoid organs, such as lymph nodes (LNs) and Peyer's patches.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Chemokines and T Cell Differentiation

  • Chemokines are signaling proteins that regulate the movement and differentiation of T cells during immune responses.
  • They help naïve T cells migrate to the lymph nodes where they can encounter antigens and activate.
  • Specific chemokines attract T cells to different tissues, influencing their development into various subsets (like Th1, Th2, or cytotoxic T cells).

Fate of Naive T Cells

  • Naive T cells that do not encounter antigen bound to MHC undergo apoptosis (programmed cell death) after a certain period.
  • This process helps maintain immune homeostasis and prevents excessive accumulation of non-functional T cells.

High Endothelial Venules (HEVs) and T Cell Trafficking

  • HEVs are specialized blood vessels found in lymph nodes that facilitate the entry of T cells from the bloodstream into the lymphatic system.
  • They express specific adhesion molecules and chemokines that promote the binding and migration of lymphocytes.
  • HEVs play a critical role in the recruitment of T cells to sites of inflammation and immune activation.

Central Event in Immune Response Generation

  • The central event in generating humoral and cell-mediated immune responses is the activation of T cells by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) through MHC molecules.
  • This activation triggers a cascade of immune responses, including the differentiation of B cells into plasma cells and the activation of cytotoxic T cells.

Locations of High Endothelial Venules (HEVs)

  • HEVs are predominantly found in peripheral lymphoid tissues, such as lymph nodes and mucosal-associated lymphoid tissues (MALT).
  • They are not present in peripheral tissues or in the brain, which is usually devoid of HEVs due to blood-brain barrier restrictions.

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Test your knowledge on T cell differentiation, activation, and functions! Learn about the stages of T cell life and their important roles in the immune system.

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