41 Questions
What was the previous name for systemic connective tissue diseases, which does not reflect their essence?
Collagen diseases
What is the primary cause of connective tissue damage in rheumatic diseases?
Immunological homeostasis disruption
How many phases are involved in the manifestation of connective tissue damage in rheumatic diseases?
4
What is the primary feature that distinguishes one rheumatic disease from another?
Predominant localization of changes in certain organs and tissues
What is the common underlying mechanism of rheumatic diseases?
Immunopathological reactions
What is the typical course of rheumatic diseases?
Chronic and undulating
What type of cells typically surrounds rheumatic granulomas during development?
Lymphocytes
What is the final phase of connective tissue disorganization in rheumatism?
Hyalinosis
Which pathologist described the process of rheumatic nodule morphogenesis in more detail after Aschoff?
V.T.Talalaev
Which of the following is NOT a form of rheumatic valvular endocarditis?
Destructive endocarditis
What type of endocarditis is characterized by fibrosis and scarring as a prominent feature?
Fibroplastic endocarditis
In rheumatic endocarditis, what is noted concerning the connective base of the endocardium?
Cell proliferation (granulomatosis)
Which manifestations are characteristic of the acute warty type of rheumatic valvular endocarditis?
Endothelial damage and thrombotic deposits
Which layer of the heart experiences pronounced dystrophic and inflammatory changes in rheumatism?
Endocardium
Which connective tissue disorganization phase mainly results from cell proliferation and granulomas in rheumatism?
Secondary sclerosis
What are the most characteristic changes in rheumatism when it comes to the specific organs affected?
Dystrophic and inflammatory changes in the heart and blood vessels
What is the primary lesion location in rheumatism?
Heart and blood vessels
What type of bacteria is responsible for the development of rheumatism?
β-hemolytic streptococcus group A
What is the result of the immune response to streptococcal antigens in rheumatism?
Production of antibodies that cross-react with heart tissues
What is the characteristic arrangement of cells in a typical rheumatic granuloma?
Palisade-shaped or fan-shaped
What is the final stage of granuloma development in rheumatism?
Formation of scar tissue
What is the role of macrophages in rheumatic granulomas?
To participate in the resorption of fibrinoid
What is the duration of the granuloma development cycle in rheumatism?
3-4 months
What is the result of the damage to connective tissue in rheumatism?
Breakdown of glycosaminoglycan complexes with proteins
What is the characteristic feature of mucoid swelling in rheumatism?
Increased metachromatic reaction to glycosaminoglycans
What are the dystrophic changes in nerve cells associated with in rheumatic vasculitis?
Foci of destruction of the brain tissue and hemorrhages
What is the most common clinical form of rheumatism in children?
Cerebral form
Which organ can develop autoimmunization in rheumatism?
Endocrine glands
What is the most common complication associated with rheumatism?
Damage to the heart
What can be a source of thromboembolism in rheumatism?
Warty endocarditis
What can lead to decompensated heart disease in rheumatism patients?
Thromboembolic complications
What is the primary characteristic of nodular productive (granulomatous) myocarditis?
The formation of rheumatic granulomas in the perivascular connective tissue of the myocardium
What is the most common location of rheumatic granulomas in nodular myocarditis?
Left atrial appendage
Which form of myocarditis is characterized by a slight focal infiltration of the myocardium by lymphocytes, histiocytes, and neutrophils?
Focal interstitial exudative myocarditis
What is the primary characteristic of diffuse interstitial exudative myocarditis?
Significant infiltration of lymphocytes, histiocytes, neutrophils, and eosinophils
Which form of myocarditis is associated with severe cardiosclerosis and can quickly end in decompensation and death of the patient?
Diffuse interstitial exudative myocarditis
What is the primary characteristic of rheumatic vasculitis?
Fibrinoid changes in the walls of arteries and arterioles
What is the primary characteristic of rheumatic endotheliosis?
The exfoliation of endothelial cells
What is the primary characteristic of rheumatic polyarthritis?
The occurrence of a serous-fibrinous effusion in the joint cavity
What is the primary characteristic of rheumatic nodules?
The existence of large nodes, which dissolve over time
What is the primary characteristic of rheumatic nodules?
The existence of large nodes, which dissolve over time
Test your knowledge on systemic connective tissue diseases, also known as rheumatic diseases. Explore the impact on the connective tissue system and blood vessels due to immunological homeostasis disruptions. Topics may include rheumatism, rheumatoid arthritis, and other related conditions.
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