5 Systemic Antibiotics in Veterinary Medicine

In a canine patient presenting with a suspected uncomplicated lower urinary tract infection (UTI), which of the following factors should be given LEAST consideration when selecting an appropriate antibiotic, assuming susceptibility is confirmed for all choices?

An 8-year-old cat presents with lethargy, inappetence, a temperature of 104.7°F, mild dehydration, and a small ulcerative lesion below the lower left mandibular P4 with ulcers on the edge of the tongue. CBC results show a normal white count with a mild left shift and toxic neutrophils. Chemistry reveals a mildly icteric serum with a moderately increased total bilirubin and a mild increase in BUN. Urinalysis has a specific gravity of >1.060 with trace bilirubin. Considering the diagnostic workup, which of the following antibiotic choices would be MOST appropriate?

In a dog diagnosed with pyelonephritis, which of the following statements regarding antibiotic selection is MOST accurate?

An 18.5-year-old FS DSH cat presents with a history of CKD (stage 2), systemic hypertension, diminished appetite over the past 6 months, and recent inappetence. Physical exam reveals a BCS of 2/9, moderate to severe muscle loss, small, irregularly shaped, painful kidneys on palpation, and moderate dehydration (8%). CBC shows mild elevations in segmented neutrophils and monocytes. Chemistry shows an elevated total protein (8.9 g/dL) and globulin (5.2 g/dL), and mildly decreased alanine transaminase (27 U/L). Urinalysis reveals a specific gravity of 1.013 and many bacilli. Which of the following findings would be MOST concerning in this case?

A veterinarian is treating a dog with a suspected methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. Which of the following antibiotics would be the LEAST appropriate choice for empirical treatment, pending culture and sensitivity results?

A dog presents with a chronic, recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI). Previous cultures have identified multi-drug resistant E. coli. Which of the following strategies demonstrates the BEST antimicrobial stewardship concerning the systemic treatment?

A 4-month-old kitten presents with serous nasal and ocular discharge, sneezing and a mild decrease in appetite after being adopted from an animal shelter 3 days prior. Recognizing that viral upper respiratory infections (URIs) are common in this age group, which of the following considerations should MOST influence the decision to initiate systemic antibiotic therapy?

In a canine patient exhibiting signs of sepsis secondary to a suspected bacterial infection, which statement BEST describes the importance of proper antibiotic administration?

Which of the following statements BEST describes the appropriate use of antibiotics in a patient diagnosed with Feline Idiopathic Cystitis (FIC)?

A 5-year-old Chesapeake Bay Retriever presents with a 3-day history of large bowel diarrhea and vomiting; its TPR is significant for a temperature of 102.4 F. On a rectal exam, frank blood is present. Fecal smear reveals dysbiosis. CBC shows slight elevation in hematocrit and total protein. A snap Giardia test comes back negative. Which of the following would be the BEST next step?

A 3-year-old dog presents with a superficial pyoderma characterized by erythematous macules and papules. Cytology reveals cocci. Which of the following antibiotics is the MOST appropriate choice for initial treatment?

When selecting an antibiotic for treating a bacterial infection, what is the priority in ensuring responsible antimicrobial use?

A 10-year-old dog presents with a history of recurrent skin infections. Previous culture and sensitivity tests have revealed resistance to multiple antibiotics, including beta-lactams and macrolides. Which management strategies would be MOST important regarding long-term care?

In which scenario is systemic antibiotic treatment for a subclinical bacteriuria MOST warranted?

An 11-year-old Shep X presents with swelling below the left eye. On oral exam, after sedation, the clinician notices a tooth root abscess. The clinician picks at the abscess and pus begins to emerge. What is the BEST option regarding antibiotic use?

Which patient is LEAST likely to benefit from systemic antimicrobial therapy?

In a dog with a confirmed bacterial infection, sensitivity testing reveals resistance to multiple antibiotics. Which action aligns with responsible antimicrobial use?

What best describes when a clinician should perform a culture again after a UTI?

You are presented with a 6-year-old castrated male cat with a history of chronic upper respiratory infections (URI). The cat is currently exhibiting mild sneezing and serous nasal discharge. The owner is insistent on antibiotic treatment. What course of action is MOST appropriate?

An owner declines radiographs, but has brought in a fecal to be sampled. Given that there is blood on the rectal glove from the exam, what would be the BEST description of what's going on?

In managing a dog with a periapical tooth abscess, which statement regarding antibiotic therapy is MOST accurate?

In a dog presenting with signs of acute bacterial prostatitis, which of the following antibiotics would be MOST appropriate choice?

In the context of antimicrobial stewardship, which of the following actions is LEAST appropriate?

Regarding a dog that has an infected wound, what factors would be the MOST beneficial in selecting an antibiotic?

What considerations should a clinician take when they diagnose Cytauxzoonosis?

According to ISCAID recommendations, which two antibiotics are recommended as first-line?

If one chooses to add L-lysine +/- Famciclovir for long-term use, what disease would you expect?

You see a dog that has mild lethargy, but is still eating; however, their appetite is decreased. On oral examination, you feel the mandibular feels slightly enlarged. You perform a CBC, and you note mild inflammatory leukogram. How do you proceed?

You are presented with a practice scenario of who wore gloves while examining the cats in order to determine the correct action. What is the CORRECT course of action?

Should a veterinarian start culture 1-2 weeks after stopping antibiotic for acute pyelonephritis?

Regarding a practitioner's next goal when administering fluids, what is the ideal goal in treating the patient?

What is one of the most common bacterial causes of an upper respiratory infection (URI) in cats, as mentioned in the provided slides, and does it mean they need antibiotics?

You are trying to decide what antibiotics to prescribe, and are faced with the options that include Liquid and Tablet antibiotic. What is the most important factor in choosing these to prescribe?

What is subclinical bacteriuria?

What is the most common cause of UTIs in dogs?

Should you choose costs over antimicrobial approaches?

A dog presents with a suspected urinary tract infection (UTI) and the veterinarian is considering amoxicillin as a treatment option. What parameter should be given MOST consideration?

In a cat diagnosed with Feline Idiopathic Cystitis (FIC) and struvite crystalluria, but without evidence of a UTI, which of the following dietary modifications would be MOST appropriate as an initial step?

A 7-year-old FS Golden Retriever presents with a history of recurrent UTIs and is currently exhibiting clinical signs, including hematuria and dysuria. Culture and sensitivity testing reveals resistance to multiple antibiotics, but susceptibility to pradofloxacin. Which consideration regarding pradofloxacin use in this patient is MOST pertinent?

In managing a 6-year-old cat with a history of chronic upper respiratory infections (URI) and suspected feline herpesvirus-1 (FHV-1), which of the following treatment strategies would be MOST comprehensive?

An 11-year-old Shep X presents with swelling below the left eye. On oral exam, after sedation, the clinician notices a tooth root abscess. After the clinician picks at the abscess, pus begins to emerge. What should the clinician do regarding systemic antibiotics?

A 5-year-old FS Chesapeake Bay Retriever presents with a 3-day history of large bowel diarrhea and vomiting; its TPR is significant for a temperature of 102.4 F. On a rectal exam, frank blood is present. Fecal smear reveals dysbiosis. CBC shows slight elevation in hematocrit and total protein. A snap Giardia test comes back negative. What is the most appropriate action?

An 18.5-year-old cat presents with a history of CKD (stage 2) and systemic hypertension. CBC shows mild elevations in segmented neutrophils and monocytes. Chemistry shows elevated total protein and globulin. Urinalysis reveals a specific gravity of 1.013 and many bacilli. What finding is most concerning in this case?

In a dog presenting with acute bacterial prostatitis where culture and sensitivity are pending, which of the following antibiotics would be the MOST appropriate empirical choice, considering the need for adequate prostatic tissue penetration and spectrum of activity?

You are presented with a case to determine the correct action based on who wore gloves while examining cats. What is the CORRECT course of action?

In a canine patient diagnosed with pyelonephritis. The bacterial culture identifies a multi-drug resistant E. coli susceptible only to amikacin. Which approach is MOST justified?

A 4-month-old kitten presents with serous nasal and ocular discharge, sneezing, and a mild decrease in appetite 3 days after adoption. The owner is requesting antibiotics. What factor should most influence the decision to initiate systemic antibiotic therapy?

Which strategy aligns BEST with antimicrobial stewardship when a dog has a confirmed bacterial infection resistant to multiple antibiotics?

A 12 yr, FS, Australian Shep presents with a 3-day history of mildly ADR. Physical exam reveals Pollakiuria, normal TPR, and BCS 4.5/5. CBC and Chemistry results are WNL. Urinalysis reveals many rods. Which action is MOST appropriate?

In a clinical setting, what is the MOST important factor in choosing to prescribe liquid and tablet antibiotics?

Which pair of antibiotics is recommended as first-line choices for uncomplicated UTIs, according to ISCAID recommendations?

If one chooses to add L-lysine +/- Famciclovir for long-term use in a cat, what underlying condition is MOST suspected?

Regarding a veterinarian's next goal when administering fluids, what is the MOST important consideration in treating the patient?

What key factor differentiates the diagnostic approach to pyelonephritis from a routine lower urinary tract infection (UTI)?

A dog presents with mild lethargy and a decreased appetite. On oral examination, the mandibular area feels slightly enlarged. CBC results show a mild inflammatory leukogram. What is the MOST appropriate next step?

An 8-year-old MC DSH cat presents in May with lethargy, inappetence, fever, mild dehydration, and a small ulcerative lesion below the lower left mandibular P4, along with ulcers on the edge of the tongue. CBC shows a normal white count with a mild left shift and toxic neutrophils. Chemistry reveals mildly icteric serum with a moderately increased total bilirubin and a mild increase in BUN. Urinalysis has a specific gravity of >1.060. Regarding treatment, which consideration is MOST accurate?

You have a patient that has mild lethargy, but is still eating; however, their appetite is decreased. On oral examination, you feel the mandibular feels slightly enlarged. You perform a CBC, and you note mild inflammatory leukogram. How do you proceed? Regarding Sasha, what would be the most appropriate action?

You see a dog that has mild lethargy, but is still eating; however, their appetite is decreased. On oral examination, you feel the mandibular feels slightly enlarged. You perform a CBC, and you note mild inflammatory leukogram. How do you proceed? (Regarding Sasha)

A dog diagnosed with pyelonephritis will likely benefit from the MOST aggressive approach to diagnostics; why is it of paramount importance to determine antimicrobial data?

A 4 mo. DSH, M, has been adopted 3 days ago. There is serous nasal discharge. Why would it typically be inappropriate to administer antibiotics?