Syntactic Categories and Relationships

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Questions and Answers

Which linguist's 1943 glossematic theory explored the underlying structure of language?

  • Ferdinand de Saussure
  • Louis Hjelslev (correct)
  • Zellig Harris
  • Noam Chomsky

What is the name of Chomsky's 1955 Ph.D. dissertation that laid the groundwork for Phrase Structure Grammar?

  • Syntactic Structures
  • Aspects of the Theory of Syntax
  • Three Models for the Description of Language
  • The Logical Structure of Linguistic Theory (correct)

What type of grammar represents the structure of phrases as a tree, with each node representing a constituent?

  • Dependency Grammar
  • Constituent Grammar (correct)
  • Phrase Structure Grammar
  • Categorial Grammar

In Constituent Grammar, what does each node in the tree represent?

<p>A group of words that function together (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Constituent Grammar and Dependency Grammar?

<p>The way they represent phrase structure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the grammar that represents the structure of phrases as a combination of categories and functions?

<p>Categorial Grammar (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the deep structure of a sentence capture?

<p>The semantic relationships between the constituents (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of transformations in Phrase Structure Grammar?

<p>To generate the surface structure from the deep structure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the branches in the tree represent in Phrase Structure Grammar?

<p>The functional relationships between the syntactic categories (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the deep structure and surface structure of a sentence?

<p>The deep structure is the underlying syntactic representation, while the surface structure is the actual word order (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of transformation involves deleting constituents from the tree?

<p>Deletion transformation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the nodes in the tree represent in Phrase Structure Grammar?

<p>The syntactic categories, such as NP and VP (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the deep structure of a sentence in Phrase Structure Grammar represent?

<p>The underlying syntactic representation of the sentence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the tree diagram for 'The dog is chasing the cat', what is the category of the node 'The dog'?

<p>NP (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the nodes in a Phrase Structure Grammar tree diagram?

<p>Syntactic organization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the tree diagram for 'The teacher is reading a book', what is the category of the node 'is reading a book'?

<p>VP (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial symbol in Phrase Structure Grammar?

<p>S (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is generated by applying the PSG rules to a sentence?

<p>The deep structure of the sentence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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